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{{Short description|Total lunar eclipse of 27 September 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox lunar eclipse
| type = total
| image = Lunar eclipse September 27 2015 greatest Alfredo Garcia Jr.jpg
| caption = Totality as viewed from [[Murrieta, California]], 2:52 UTC
| date = September 28, 2015
| gamma = −0.3296
| magnitude = 1.2774
| saros_ser = 137
| saros_no = 28 of 81
| totality = 71 minutes, 55 seconds
| partiality = 199 minutes, 52 seconds
| penumbral = 310 minutes, 41 seconds
| p1 = 0:11:47
| u1 = 1:07:11
| u2 = 2:11:10
| greatest = 2:47:08
| u3 = 3:23:05
| u4 = 4:27:03
| p4 = 5:22:27
| previous = April 2015
| next = March 2016
}}
A total [[lunar eclipse]] occurred at the Moon’s [[Lunar node|descending node]] of orbit on Monday, September 28, 2015,<ref>{{cite web|title=September 27–28, 2015 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2015-september-28|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref> with an umbral [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of 1.2774. A lunar eclipse occurs when the [[Moon]] moves into the [[Earth's shadow]], causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a [[solar eclipse]], which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the [[night]] side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's [[Umbra, penumbra and antumbra|shadow]] is smaller. Occurring only about 5 hours after [[Apsis|perigee]] (on September 27, 2015, at 21:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2015&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref>

This lunar eclipse is the last of a [[Tetrad (astronomy)|tetrad]], with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on [[April 2014 lunar eclipse|April 15, 2014]]; [[October 2014 lunar eclipse|October 8, 2014]]; and [[April 2015 lunar eclipse|April 4, 2015]].

The Moon appeared larger than normal, because the Moon was just 1 hour past its [[perigee|closest approach to Earth]] in 2015 at mid-eclipse, sometimes called a [[supermoon]]. The Moon's [[apparent diameter]] was larger than [[Minute of arc|34']] viewed straight overhead, just off the coast of northeast [[Brazil]].<ref>[http://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/observing-news/get-ready-for-septembers-total-lunar-eclipse-091420155/ Sky and Telescope]</ref><ref>[http://astrobob.areavoices.com/2015/09/21/heres-the-scoop-on-sundays-supermoon-eclipse Here’s the Scoop on Sunday’s Supermoon Eclipse], Bob King</ref>

The total lunar eclipse was darker than expected, possibly due to ash left behind from eruptions of the [[Calbuco (volcano)|Calbuco volcano]] in April 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.universetoday.com/122666/why-was-septembers-lunar-eclipse-so-dark/|title=Why Was September's Lunar Eclipse So Dark? - Universe Today|date=2015-10-05|work=Universe Today|access-date=2017-08-08|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Background ==
{{main|Lunar eclipse}}
[[File:Supermoon Lunar Eclipse.webm|thumb|This animated video explains the September 2015 supermoon lunar eclipse.]]
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes within Earth's [[umbra]] (shadow). As the eclipse begins, Earth's shadow first darkens the Moon slightly. Then, the shadow begins to "cover" part of the Moon, turning it a dark red-brown color (typically – the color can vary based on atmospheric conditions). The Moon appears to be reddish because of [[Rayleigh scattering]] (the same effect that causes sunsets to appear reddish) and the refraction of that light by Earth's atmosphere into its umbra.<ref>{{cite web|title=Visual Appearance of Lunar Eclipses|work=NASA|author=Fred Espenak|author2=Jean Meeus|name-list-style=amp|url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEcat5/appearance.html|access-date=April 13, 2014}}</ref>

The following simulation shows the approximate appearance of the Moon passing through Earth's shadow. The Moon's brightness is exaggerated within the umbral shadow. The northern portion of the Moon was closest to the center of the shadow, making it darkest, and most red in appearance.

[[File:Animation September 28 2015 lunar eclipse appearance.gif]]

== Supermoon ==
{{Further|Supermoon}}
This eclipsed Moon appeared 12.9% larger in diameter than the [[April 2015 lunar eclipse]], measured as 29.66' and 33.47' in diameter from Earth's center, as compared in these simulated images.

A supermoon is the coincidence of a [[full moon]] or a [[new moon]] with the closest approach the Moon makes to the Earth on its elliptical orbit, resulting in the largest apparent size of the lunar disk as seen from Earth. This was the last supermoon lunar eclipse until [[January 2018 lunar eclipse|January 31, 2018]].
[[File:Supermoon_lunar_eclipse_2015.png|320px|left]]
{{clear}}

== Visibility ==
The eclipse was completely visible over eastern [[North America]], [[South America]], [[west Africa]], and [[western Europe]], seen rising over western North America and the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]] and setting over [[east Africa]], [[eastern Europe]], and [[west Asia|west]] and [[central Asia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2015 Sep 28|url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEplot/LEplot2001/LE2015Sep28T.pdf|publisher=NASA|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable width=480
|[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2015Sep28.png|240px]]
|[[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2015Sep28.png|240px]] Hourly motion shown right to left
|[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon simulation-sep 28 2015.png|240px]] Simulated appearance of Earth and atmospheric ring of sunlight
|[[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2015Sep28 wide.png|250px]] The Moon's hourly motion across the Earth's shadow in the constellation of [[Pisces (constellation)|Pisces]].
|- align=center
|colspan=4| [[File:Visibility Lunar Eclipse 2015-09-28.png|640px]] Visibility map
|}

== Timing ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Local times of contacts
|- valign=top
! colspan=2 rowspan=2| Time Zone adjustments from [[UTC]]
! [[UTC−07:00|-7h]]
! [[UTC−06:00|-6h]]
! [[UTC−05:00|-5h]]
! [[UTC−04:00|-4h]]
! [[UTC−03:00|-3h]]
! [[UTC−02:00|-2h]]
! [[UTC−01:00|-1h]]
! [[UTC±00:00|0h]]
! [[UTC+01:00|+1h]]
! [[UTC+02:00|+2h]]
! [[UTC+03:00|+3h]]
|- valign=top
! [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]] MST
! [[Mountain Daylight Time|MDT]]
! [[Central Time Zone (North America)|CDT]] PET
! [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]] BOT
! [[Atlantic Daylight Time|ADT]] AMST ART
!
!
! [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] [[Western European Time|WET]]
! [[Western European Summer Time|WEST]] [[Central European Time|CET]] [[British Summer Time|BST]]
! [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] [[Eastern European Time|EET]] [[Kaliningrad Time|MSK−1]]
! [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] [[Further-eastern European Time|FET]] [[Moscow Time|MSK]]
|- align=center
!colspan=2|Event
|colspan=7|Evening 27 September||colspan=4 BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"|Morning 28 September
|- align=center
!P1
! Penumbral begins*
| N/A†
| N/A†
| 7:12 pm
| 8:12 pm
| 9:12 pm
| 10:12 pm
| 11:12 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:12 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:12 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:12 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:12 am
|- align=center
!U1
! Partial begins
| N/A†
| 7:07 pm
| 8:07 pm
| 9:07 pm
| 10:07 pm
| 11:07 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:07 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:07 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:07 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:07 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:07 am
|- align=center
!U2
! Total begins
| 7:11 pm
| 8:11 pm
| 9:11 pm
| 10:11 pm
| 11:11 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:11 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:11 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:11 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:11 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:11 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 5:11 am
|- align=center
!
! Mid-eclipse
| 7:47 pm
| 8:47 pm
| 9:47 pm
| 10:47 pm
| 11:47 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:47 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:47 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:47 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:47 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:47 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 5:47 am
|- align=center
!U3
! Total ends
| 8:23 pm
| 9:23 pm
| 10:23 pm
| 11:23 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 5:23 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 6:23 am
|- align=center
!U4
! Partial ends
| 9:27 pm
| 10:27 pm
| 11:27 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 5:27 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 6:27 am
| Set
|- align=center
!P4
! Penumbral ends
| 10:22 pm
| 11:22 pm
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 12:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 1:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 2:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 3:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 4:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 5:22 am
| BGCOLOR="#e0e0f0"| 6:22 am
| Set
| Set
|}
† The Moon was not visible during this part of the eclipse in this time zone.

<nowiki>*</nowiki> The penumbral phase of the eclipse changes the appearance of the Moon only slightly and is generally not noticeable.<ref>{{cite web|last=Espenak|first=Fred|title=Lunar Eclipses for Beginners|url=http://www.mreclipse.com/Special/LEprimer.html|publisher=MrEclipse|access-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Lunar eclipse contact diagram.svg|thumb|Contact points relative to Earth's umbral and penumbral shadows, here with the Moon near its [[descending node]]]]
{{Total lunar eclipse contacts}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Eclipse Compilation smaller.jpg|The stages of the Lunar eclipse from [[Staffordshire]], UK
File:Lunareclipse - Måneformørkelse.png|Time-lapse images from [[Oslo, Norway]]
File:Total Lunar Eclipse 28 09 2015.JPG|Time-lapse images from [[Bregenz]], Austria
File:Moon-seq-6764-6780.gif|[[Warsaw, Poland]], 2:01 - 2:16 UTC
File:Supermoon Eclipse in Denver, Colorado.jpg|[[Denver, Colorado]], 2:15 UTC
File:Luna roja en Fray.JPG|[[Fray Bentos, Uruguay]] 2:28 UTC
File:9-27-15 Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon).jpg|[[Tampa, Florida]], 2:30 UTC
File:Lunar eclipse - September 28, 2015 (Edward Blake).jpg|[[New York City, New York]], 2:36 UTC
File:Blood moon.jpg|[[Wrocław]], Poland, 2:36 UTC
File:2015-09-28-Sangoluno (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann-023).jpg|[[Zürich, Switzerland]], 2:36 UTC
File:Lunar Eclipse 2015.JPG|[[Coralville, Iowa]], 2:52 UTC
File:Mondfinsternis-München-20150928045527.jpg|[[Munich, Germany]], 2:55 UTC
File:Bloody moon.jpg|[[Sitia]], Greece, 3:01 UTC
File:Lunar eclipse 28 September 2015.jpg|[[Berlin, Germany]], 3:05 UTC
File:September 2015 Lunar Eclipse (as seen from Marin County, CA).jpg|[[Mill Valley, California]], 3:07 UTC
File:Mondfinsternis-München-20150928052309.jpg|Munich, Germany, 3:23 UTC
File:Lunar eclipse 2015-09-28 042428 UTC.png|[[Boston, Massachusetts]], 3:24 UTC
File:2015-09-28lunareclipse.jpg|[[Germany]], 3:37 UTC
File:Lunar eclipse of 2015 September 28 (as seen from Nièvre, France, 4.02 UTC).jpg|[[Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire]], France, 4:02 UTC
File:September 2015 lunar eclipse.JPG|[[California]], 4:07 UTC
</gallery>

== Eclipse details ==
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular lunar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2015 Sep 28|url=https://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/2001-2100/LE2015Sep28Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+September 28, 2015 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
! Parameter
! Value
|-
| Penumbral Magnitude
| 2.23071
|-
| Umbral Magnitude
| 1.27744
|-
| Gamma
| −0.32960
|-
| Sun Right Ascension
| 12h17m08.9s
|-
| Sun Declination
| -01°51'20.9"
|-
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 15'57.6"
|-
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.8"
|-
| Moon Right Ascension
| 00h17m33.6s
|-
| Moon Declination
| +01°32'03.6"
|-
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 16'44.5"
|-
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 1°01'26.6"
|-
| ΔT
| 67.8 s
|}
{{clear}}

== Eclipse season ==
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of September 2015
! [[Solar eclipse of September 13, 2015|September 13]] Ascending node (new moon) !! September 28 Descending node (full moon) 
|-
| [[File:SE2015Sep13P.png|200px]] || [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2015Sep28.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Total eclipse#Types|Partial solar eclipse]] Solar Saros 125 || [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Total lunar eclipse]] Lunar Saros 137
|}

== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 2015 ===
* [[Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015|A total solar eclipse on March 20]].
* [[April 2015 lunar eclipse|A total lunar eclipse on April 4]].
* [[Solar eclipse of September 13, 2015|A partial solar eclipse on September 13]].
* '''A total lunar eclipse on September 28.'''

=== Metonic ===
* Preceded by: [[December 2011 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of December 10, 2011]]
* Followed by: [[July 2019 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 16, 2019]]

=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[August 2008 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of August 16, 2008]]
* Followed by: [[November 2022 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of November 8, 2022]]

=== Half-Saros ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of September 22, 2006]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of October 2, 2024]]

=== Tritos ===
* Preceded by: [[October 2004 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of October 28, 2004]]
* Followed by: [[August 2026 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of August 28, 2026]]

=== Lunar Saros 137 ===
* Preceded by: [[September 1997 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of September 16, 1997]]
* Followed by: [[October 2033 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of October 8, 2033]]

=== Inex ===
* Preceded by: [[October 1986 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of October 17, 1986]]
* Followed by: [[September 2044 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of September 7, 2044]]

=== Triad ===
* Preceded by: [[November 1928 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of November 27, 1928]]
* Followed by: [[July 2102 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 30, 2102]]

=== Lunar eclipses of 2013–2016 ===
{{Lunar eclipse set 2013-2016}}

=== Saros 137 ===
{{Lunar Saros series 137}}

=== Tritos series ===
{{Lunar Tritos series October 2004}}

=== Inex series ===
{{Lunar Inex series September 2015}}

=== Half-Saros cycle ===
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a [[Saros (astronomy)#Relationship between lunar and solar saros .28sar.29|half saros]]).<ref>Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, ''The half-saros''</ref> This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of [[solar saros 144]].

{| class=wikitable
![[Solar eclipse of September 22, 2006|September 22, 2006]]
![[Solar eclipse of October 2, 2024|October 2, 2024]]
|-
|[[File:SE2006Sep22A.png|240px]]
|[[File:SE2024Oct02A.png|240px]]
|}

== See also ==
*[[List of lunar eclipses]] and [[List of 21st-century lunar eclipses]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links==
{{Commons category|Lunar eclipse of 2015 September 28}}
* {{LEplot2001 link|2015|Sep|28|T}}
* [http://www.hermit.org/eclipse/2015-09-28/ Hermit eclipse: 2015-09-28]

{{Lunar eclipses}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lunar eclipse 2015-09}}
[[Category:21st-century lunar eclipses|2015-09]]
[[Category:2015 in science]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:September 2015]]

September 2015 lunar eclipse - Revision history

imported>BunnysBot: Fix CW Errors with GenFixes (T1)