imported>Smasongarrison: Copying from Category:19th-century American chess players to Category:19th-century American sportsmen Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE and/or WP:ALLINCLUDED using Cat-a-lot

2025-04-10T03:43:00Z

Copying from Category:19th-century American chess players to Category:19th-century American sportsmen Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE and/or WP:ALLINCLUDED using Cat-a-lot

New page

{{Short description|American chess player (1863–1905)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox chess biography
| name = Samuel Lipschütz
| image = Picture of Lipschütz.png
| image_size =
| caption = Lipschütz in 1892
| full_name = Samuel or Salomon Lipschütz
| country =
| birth_date = July 4, 1863
| birth_place = [[Uzhhorod|Ungvár]], [[Ung County]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date = November 30, 1905
| death_place = [[Hamburg]], [[German Empire]]
| title =
| worldchampion =
| womensworldchampion =
| ICCFworldchampion =
| yearsactive =
| rating =
| peakrating =
| ranking =
| peakranking =
| FideID =

| show-medals =
| medaltemplates =
| medaltemplates-title =
| module =
}}
'''Samuel''' or '''Salomon Lipschütz'''{{notetag|There is considerable dispute over Lipschütz's first name. Chess [[historian]] [[Edward Winter (chess historian)|Edward Winter]] writes, "S. Lipschütz (1863–1905) was a US champion, but chess historians are still unable to establish with certainty his forename."<ref>[[Edward Winter (chess historian)|Edward Winter]], [http://www.chessbase.com/newsprint.asp?newsid=3823 Unsolved Chess Mysteries (5)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001191407/http://www.chessbase.com/newsprint.asp?newsid=3823 |date=2009-10-01 }} (April 30, 2007). Retrieved on 2008-12-20.</ref> ''The Chess-Player's Manual'', to which Lipschütz contributed the appendix, gives only his first initial, "S". The [[Jewish Encyclopedia]] (see below), gives his first name as "Solomon". [[Jeremy Gaige]] in his 1987 book ''Chess Personalia: A Biobibliography'' lists five sources that give his first name as "Simon", four that give it as "Samuel", and one that gives it as "Solomon".<ref>Gaige, p. 251.</ref> In an earlier book, Gaige wrote, "His first name has been variously given as Samuel, Simon or Solomon. The weight of evidence does not clearly favor any of them."<ref>Winter, quoting Gaige, ''A Catalog of USA Chess Personalia'', Worcester, 1980, p. 41.</ref> In a new biography of Lipschütz, Stephen Davies establishes that he used "Salomon" for official purposes but that he was called "Samuel" by family and friends.<ref>Davies, pp. 6–7.</ref>}} (July 4, 1863 in [[Uzhhorod|Ungvár]] – November 30, 1905 in [[Hamburg]]) was a [[chess]] player and author. He was chess champion of the [[United States]] from 1892 to 1894.

==Biography==
{{algebraic notation|pos=section}}
Born in [[Ungvár]], [[Ung County]], [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], [[Austria-Hungary]] (now [[Uzhhorod]], [[Ukraine]]), Lipschütz emigrated to [[New York City]] in 1880 at the age of seventeen. He soon became known in chess circles and in 1883 he was chosen as one of a team to represent the New York Chess Club in a match with the [[Philadelphia Chess Club]], and won both of his games. In 1885 he won the championship of the [[New York Chess Club]], and the next year he took part in the international tournament held in [[London]], where he came sixth, including wins over [[Johannes Zukertort]] and [[George Henry Mackenzie]]. At the Sixth American Chess Congress held in New York in 1889, Lipschütz again finished sixth and was the only American player among the prize winners. Lipschütz won the [[U.S. Chess Championship]] in 1892 by defeating [[Jackson Whipps Showalter]] in a match by seven wins to one with one draw. He secured for the [[Manhattan Chess Club]] the absolute possession of the "Staats-Zeitung" challenge cup by winning New York State Chess Association matches and tournaments three times. In 1900 he won the Sexangular Tournament at the Manhattan Chess Club ahead of [[Frank Marshall (chess player)|Frank Marshall]] and [[Showalter]]. Lipschütz played [[Emanuel Lasker]] twice and [[draw (chess)|drew]] both games. Several games played by Lipschütz were published in ''Examples of Chess Master-Play'' (New Barnet, 1893).

[[File:Gossip Chess-Player's Manual (2).jpg|right|thumb|200px|''The Chess-Player's Manual'' by George H. D. Gossip and S. Lipschütz (1902 reprint)]]
Lipschütz wrote a 122-page American Appendix to ''The Chess-Player's Manual'' ([[George H. D. Gossip|Gossip]], 1888) and edited ''The Rice Gambit'', New York, 1898. An anonymous reviewer of ''The Chess-Player's Manual'' in the ''New York Times'' praised "Mr. Lipschütz's appendix, which brings the development of the openings almost down to date".<ref>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F02EEDA173AEF33A25750C1A9639C94699FD7CF A New Chess Book], May 13, 1988. ''New York Times''. Retrieved on 2009-01-04.</ref> [[David Hooper (chess player)|David Hooper]] and [[Kenneth Whyld]] write in ''[[The Oxford Companion to Chess]]'' that Lipschütz's appendix "helped to make this one of the standard opening books of the time".<ref>David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld, ''The Oxford Companion to Chess'', Oxford University Press (2nd ed. 1992), p. 228. {{ISBN|0-19-866164-9}}.</ref>

[[William Ewart Napier]] recalled Lipschütz as a "frail little man, with a gentlemanly mien and manners and an extravagantly long, pointed nose—the [[Cyrano de Bergerac (play)|Cyrano]] of Chess".<ref>[[Arthur Bisguier]] and [[Andrew Soltis]], ''American Chess Masters from Morphy to Fischer'', Macmillan, 1974, p. 45 (quoting Napier). {{ISBN|0-02-511050-0}}.</ref> According to [[Arthur Bisguier]] and [[Andrew Soltis]], "He was a methodical [[Glossary of chess#Attack|attacker]] with some strikingly good positional ideas—and some terrible ones."<ref name="B&Sp.45">Bisguier and Soltis, p. 45.</ref> As an example of the former, they quote his 1889 [[Glossary of chess#Theoretical novelty|theoretical novelty]] in the [[Ruy Lopez]], 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 d6 4.Bxc6+ bxc6 5.d4 f6[[Chess punctuation#.21: Good move|!]], which [[World Chess Championship|World Champion]] [[Wilhelm Steinitz]] praised as an "excellent and novel idea".<ref name="B&Sp.45"/> Afflicted by tuberculosis, Lipschütz left New York several times for health reasons, principally staying in Santa Fe (1893), Los Angeles (1893–95) and Florida (1904). In 1904 he travelled to [[Hamburg]] for treatment, where he had a series of operations but did not survive the treatment.

==Notes==
{{notefoot}}

==See also==
* [[List of Jewish chess players]]

==References==
*{{citation
| last1=Davies | first1=Stephen
| year=2015 | title=Samuel Lipschütz: A Life in Chess
| publisher=McFarland & Company
| isbn=978-0-7864-9596-2
}}
*{{citation
| last1=Gaige | first1=Jeremy | author1-link=Jeremy Gaige
| year=1987 | title=Chess Personalia: A Biobibliography
| publisher=McFarland & Company
| isbn=0-7864-2353-6
}}
*{{citation
| last1=Hooper | first1=David | author1-link=David Vincent Hooper
| last2=Whyld | first2=Kenneth | author2-link=Kenneth Whyld
| year=1992 | title=[[The Oxford Companion to Chess]] | edition=second
| publisher=Oxford University Press
| isbn=978-0-19-866164-1
}}
*{{citation
| editor-last=Singer | editor-first=Isidore | editor-link=Isidore Singer
| last1=Adler | first1=Cyrus | author1-link=Cyrus Adler
| last2=Porter | first2=A.
| year=1901–1906 | title=[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]
| contribution=Lipschutz, Solomon
| contribution-url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=455&letter=L
| volume=8 | pages=103}}

===Footnotes===
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{chessgames player|id=39131|name=Samuel Lipschutz}}
*[http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/lipschuetz.html “S. Lipschütz – Samuel, Simon or Solomon?”] by Edward Winter

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before=[[George Henry Mackenzie]]|
title=[[United States Chess Championship|United States Chess Champion]] |
years=1889–1890 |
after=[[Jackson Showalter]]
}}{{succession box |
before=[[Jackson Showalter]]|
title=[[United States Chess Championship|United States Chess Champion]] |
years=1892|
after=[[Jackson Showalter]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lipschutz, S.}}
[[Category:1863 births]]
[[Category:1905 deaths]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Uzhhorod]]
[[Category:Ukrainian Jews]]
[[Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States]]
[[Category:American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Jewish chess players]]
[[Category:American chess writers]]
[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:19th-century American chess players]]
[[Category:19th-century American sportsmen]]
[[Category:Chess players from New York City]]

Samuel Lipschutz - Revision history

imported>Smasongarrison: Copying from Category:19th-century American chess players to Category:19th-century American sportsmen Diffusing per WP:DIFFUSE and/or WP:ALLINCLUDED using Cat-a-lot