2A02:3037:26A:8164:47C7:C0E4:437F:2020: Deleted a random word

2025-02-25T19:58:53Z

Deleted a random word

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{{Infobox building
| name = Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí
| native_name = Sambódromo Marquês de Sapucaí
| native_name_lang = [[Português]]
| logo =
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| image = Desfile Portela 2014 (906185).jpg
| image_size = 300
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Long view of parade grounds and seating of the Sambadrome, 2014
| map_type = Brazil Rio de Janeiro#Brazil
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí in Rio de Janeiro
| map_size =
| map_dot_label =
| relief =
| former_names =
| alternate_names = Passarela Professor [[Darcy Ribeiro]]<br/>Sambódromo<br/>Sambadrome
| etymology =
| status =
| cancelled =
| topped_out =
| building_type = Parade grounds
| architectural_style =
| classification =
| location =
| address = R. Marquês de Sapucaí - Santo Cristo
| location_city = [[Rio de Janeiro]]
| location_country = [[Brazil]]
| coordinates = {{coord|-22.9112249|-43.1977481|region:BR|display=inline}}
| altitude =
| current_tenants =
| namesake = [[Cândido José de Araújo Viana]]
| groundbreaking_date = 1983
| start_date =
| stop_date =
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| opened_date =
| inauguration_date = 1984
| relocated_date =
| renovation_date = 2012
| closing_date =
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| client =
| owner = [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|State of Rio de Janeiro]]
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| other_dimensions = {{Convert|570|m|ft}} in length, {{Convert|12|m|ft}} in width
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| architect = [[Oscar Niemeyer]]
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| known_for = [[Cândido José de Araújo Viana, Marquis of Sapucaí|Cândido José de Araújo Viana, Marquês de Sapucaí]]
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| website = {{URL|www.sambadrome.com}}
| embed =
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}}

The '''Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí''' is a purpose-built parade area built for the [[Rio Carnival]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]]. The venue is also known as '''Passarela Professor [[Darcy Ribeiro]]''' or simply the '''Sambódromo''' in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] or '''Sambadrome''' in English. It is located in the downtown area of [[Cidade Nova, Rio de Janeiro|Cidade Nova]] in Rio de Janeiro, and is the place where [[samba school]]s parade competitively each year during the Rio Carnival. The parades attract many thousands of Brazilians and foreign tourists each year, and the structure is also used as a multi-purpose performance venue. The structures of the Sambadrome were designed by the architect [[Oscar Niemeyer]] (1907–2012), and represent his first major work after the end of the [[Brazilian military government|Brazilian dictatorship]] of 1964–1985.<ref name="car"/><ref name="history"/>

==History==
The Sambódromo was commissioned in 1983 and completed in 1984. It is one of two works designed by [[Oscar Niemeyer]] upon his return to Brazil after exile during the [[Brazilian military government|Brazilian dictatorship]] of 1964–1985. The democratic election of regional governors, notably in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 1982, signaled a return to civilian rule and renewed work for artists whose work was suppressed by the regime.<ref name="car"/> Governor [[Leonel Brizola]], a longtime Niemeyer associate, commissioned the Sambadrome to reflect ''socialismo moreno'', or multicultural socialism. Niemeyer worked closely with vice-governor [[Darcy Ribeiro]] (1922–1997), a Brazilian [[anthropologist]], on the location and building concept. The Sambadrome was not only to function as the centerpiece of the Rio Carnival, but also house a primary school with 115 classrooms underneath the bleachers of the structure. Niemeyers's ''[[Praça da Apoteose]]'' (Apotheosis Square), a {{convert|90|m|ft}} trilegged arch, became a noted symbol of the Rio Carnival.<ref name="car"/><ref>{{cite web|title=About Sambadrome|url=http://www.RioCarnival.net/sambadrome/about}}</ref><ref name="history"/>

[[Image:Setor do Tiro com arco.jpg|thumb|Archery competition at the Sambadrome.]]

For the [[2016 Summer Olympics]], the venue hosted [[Archery at the 2016 Summer Olympics|archery]] and the [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|athletics]] [[marathon (sport)|marathon]] event, and for the [[2016 Summer Paralympics]], the venue hosted [[Archery at the Summer Paralympics|archery]].<ref name="rio2016"/><ref name="history"/>

In preparation for the Olympics, an old [[Brahma (beer)|Brahma beer]] factory nearby was demolished and extra bleachers were built on the site, increasing spectator capacity by around 18,000 seats in accordance with Niemeyer's original vision of making the Sambadrome complex symmetrical. The reopening occurred on February 7, 2012. Mayor [[Eduardo Paes]] and architect [[Oscar Niemeyer]] attended the ceremony.<ref name="estadao"/><ref name="history"/><ref>https://www.archdaily.com/209836/rio-carnival-2012-kicks-off-in-oscar-niemeyers-newly-renovated-sambadrome</ref> On the remaining part of the old factory behind the new tribunes the high-rise office building Eco Sapucaí was constructed, also designed by Niemeyer.<ref>https://www.band.uol.com.br/bandnews-fm/rio-de-janeiro/noticias/edificio-eco-sapucai-no-centro-do-rio-passa-a-contar-com-opucacao-de-118-16631710</ref><ref>https://siila.com.br/noticias/eco-sapucai-consegue-1o-locatario-seis-anos-apos-construcao/1509/lang/pt-br</ref> The Sambadromo and the Eco Sapucaí thus form an architectural ensemble.

== Venue ==
The Sambódromo consists of a {{convert|700|m|ft}} stretch of [[Marquês de Sapucaí]] street converted into a permanent parade ground with bleachers (grandstands) built on either side for spectators.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://geographic.org/streetview/special_places/view_sambadrome_rio_de_janeiro_brazil.php |title=Sambódromo Marquês de Sapucaí: Interactive Google Street View photo and map |work=Geographic.org/streetview |access-date=2016-08-04}}</ref> Its capacity is 90,000. The parade avenue is painted gray each year before Carnival. The complex includes an area located at the end of the parade route, the ''[[Praça da Apoteose]]'' (Apotheosis Square) near the [[Morro da Mineira]], where the bleachers are set further back from the parade area, creating a square where revelers gather as they end their parade.

Outside the Carnival season, Apotheosis Square is occasionally used as a major concert venue in Rio de Janeiro. Artists who have performed in Apotheosis Square of the Sambadrome include [[Roger Waters]], [[Eric Clapton]], [[Supertramp]], the [[Black Eyed Peas]], [[Pearl Jam]], [[Elton John]], [[Coldplay]], [[Whitney Houston]], [[Avril Lavigne]], [[Britney Spears]], [[Justin Bieber]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[Radiohead]], [[Hillsong United (band)|Hillsong]], [[Jonas Brothers]], [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]], [[A-ha]], [[Janet Jackson]], [[Bon Jovi]], [[David Bowie]], the [[Rolling Stones]], [[Marshmello]], [[David Guetta]], [[Hardwell]], [[Martin Garrix]], [[DJ Snake]], [[Alok (DJ)|Alok]] and many more.<ref>{{cite web|title=Apotheosis Square|url=http://www.sambadrome.com/sambodromo-seating/apotheosis-square/ |publisher= Sambadrome.com}}</ref>

In December, the samba schools begin holding technical rehearsals at the Sambadrome, leading up to Carnival.

[[Image:Sapucai Panoramic.jpg|center|thumb|800px|A panoramic shot taken from the top of Sector 9 during the ''Grupo de Acesso A'' parade. The school parades from the right to the left, with the arch visible at the end. The VIP ''camarote'' seating is visible across the way.]]

==The Carnival parade events==
[[Image:Mangueira 2013 130211.jpg|left|thumb|Carnival at Rio]]
The official Carnival parades take place just before the start of [[Lent]]. They are held for four consecutive nights, during which schools parade one after another from 8pm until the morning. The ''A Series'' samba schools are hosted on Friday and Saturday, and the elite ''Special Group'' marches on Sunday and Monday. The ''Special Group'' nights are by far the biggest attractions. The parades are televised nationally and are watched by large audiences.
[[File:Sambódromo by Diego Baravelli.jpg|thumb|upright|Aerial photo]]
Each samba school has a preset amount of time (75 minutes) to parade from one end of the Sambadrome to the other with all its thousands of dancers, its drum section, and a number of floats. Each school has its own unique qualities according to its own traditions. Schools are graded by a jury, and the competition is ferocious. On [[Ash Wednesday]] (''quarta-feira de cinzas''), grades are gathered and one school is declared the winner. The ''Parade of Champions'' is held the following Saturday featuring the five winning samba schools in the ''Special Group'' category and the A Series division winner, which joins the ''Special Group'' come the next year.

In 2008, ticket prices for normal bleacher, or Grandstands, seats in the Sambadrome on ''Special Group'' nights ranged between R$10 and R$500 (US$6.50 to US$312.50), with VIP Cabins, or Covered Boxes, seating (which includes open bar, buffet - dinner, dessert and more) and scalped tickets costing much more (starting from US$2,500.00, in the best locations).

Inflated prices to watch star samba schools exclude many Brazilians from attending. As a reaction to high levels of commercialization, Rio de Janeiro has experienced a resurgence in free block parties (Street Bands and Groups: [[Blocos]]) that take place in suburbs all over the city.

It is possible for a person who is not a member of any samba school to buy a costume and arrange for a spot as a dancer in one of the parade groups.<ref>{{cite web|title=Parading With a Samba School|url=http://www.riocarnival.net/faq}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[LIESA]]
*[[LIERJ]]
*[[Anhembi Sambadrome]]
*[[List of Oscar Niemeyer works]]

==In popular culture==
===Cinema===
* Parts of Paulo Fontenelle's film Apaixonados (2016) were shot at the Marquês de Sapucaí sambodrome.<ref>{{cite news|language=pt|author=| url =https://www.adorocinema.com/filmes/filme-238881/| title = Apaixonados - filme| website= adorocinema.com| date = | accessdate = 31 July 2024}}</ref>
* Parts of the film [[Orfeu]] (1999), by [[Cacá Diegues]], were shot at the Marquês de Sapucaí sambodrome.<ref name=" Orfeu">{{cite news|language=fr |author=Philippe Azoury| url = http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1999/10/27/orfeu-sans-flammele-remix-bresilien-par-carlos-diegues-n-offre-ni-plaisir-ni-deplaisir-orfeu-de-carl_287319
| title = Orfeu sans flamme. Le remix brésilien par Carlos Diegues n'offre ni plaisir ni déplaisir| publisher = | newspaper = [[Libération]]| date =20 October 1999| accessdate =6 August 2024}}</ref>

==References==

{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="car">{{cite book | last = Carranza | first = Luis | title = Modern architecture in Latin America : art, technology, and utopia | publisher = University of Texas Press | location = Austin, TX | year = 2014 | isbn = 9780292758650 | pages = 301–32}}</ref>

<ref name="estadao">[http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/cidades,oscar-niemeyer-confere-sambodromo-do-rio-remodelado-in-loco,833206,0.htm Oscar Niemeyer confere sambódromo do Rio remodelado 'in loco'] (in Portuguese)</ref>

<ref name="history">{{cite web |url=http://www.sambadrome.com/rio-carnival-sambodromo/ |title=About Sambódromo |publisher= Sambadrome.com |date=2016 |access-date=2016-08-03 }}</ref>

<ref name="rio2016">[http://www.rio2016.org.br/sumarioexecutivo/sumario/English/Per%20Theme/Volume%202/Theme_09.pdf Rio2016.org.br bid package.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112204539/http://www.rio2016.org.br/sumarioexecutivo/sumario/English/Per%20Theme/Volume%202/Theme_09.pdf |date=2010-11-12 }} Volume 2. p. 18.</ref>

}}

{{coord|-22.9112249|-43.1977481|type:landmark|display=title}}

{{Rio de Janeiro}}
{{Carnaval do Rio de Janeiro}}
{{2016 Summer Olympic venues}}
{{2016 Summer Paralympic venues}}
{{Olympic venues archery}}
{{Olympic venues athletics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sambadrome Marques de Sapucai}}
[[Category:Rio Carnival]]
[[Category:Venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic archery venues]]
[[Category:Olympic athletics venues]]
[[Category:Sambadrome]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Rio de Janeiro (city)]]
[[Category:National heritage sites of Rio de Janeiro (state)]]

Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí - Revision history

2A02:3037:26A:8164:47C7:C0E4:437F:2020: Deleted a random word