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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Rusty-collared seedeater
| image = Sporophila collaris -Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil -male-8.jpg
| image_caption=Male in São Paulo, Brazil
| image2 = Sporophila collaris -Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil -female-8.jpg
| image2_caption=Female in São Paulo, Brazil
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Sporophila collaris'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22723428A94816795 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22723428A94816795.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| genus = Sporophila
| species = collaris
| authority = ([[Pieter Boddaert|Boddaert]], 1783)
| synonyms =
| range_map = Sporophila collaris map.svg

}}

The '''rusty-collared seedeater''' ('''''Sporophila collaris''''') is a species of [[bird]] in the family [[Thraupidae]], formerly placed in the related [[Emberizidae]].

It is found in [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], and [[Uruguay]]. Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland [[grassland]], [[swamp]]s, and heavily degraded former forest.

The rusty-collared seedeater was included by the French polymath [[Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon]] in 1775 in his ''[[Histoire Naturelle|Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux]]''.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Buffon | first=Georges-Louis Leclerc de | author-link=Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon | year=1775 | title=Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux | volume=6 | place=Paris | publisher=De L'Imprimerie Royale | page=207 | chapter=Le grivelin à cravate | language=fr | chapter-url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42336629 }}</ref> The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by [[François-Nicolas Martinet]] in the ''Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle'' which was produced under the supervision of [[Edme-Louis Daubenton]] to accompany Buffon's text.<ref>{{ cite book | last1=Buffon | first1=Georges-Louis Leclerc de | author1-link=Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon | last2=Martinet | first2=François-Nicolas | author2-link=François-Nicolas Martinet | last3=Daubenton | first3=Edme-Louis | author3-link=Edme-Louis Daubenton | last4=Daubenton | first4=Louis-Jean-Marie | author4-link=Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton | year=1765–1783 | chapter=Gros-Bec d'Angola | title=Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle | volume=7 | place=Paris | publisher=De L'Imprimerie Royale | at=Plate 659 Fig. 2 | chapter-url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35219143 }}</ref> Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist [[Pieter Boddaert]] coined the [[binomial name]] ''Loxia collaris'' in his catalogue of the ''Planches Enluminées''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Boddaert | first=Pieter | author-link=Pieter Boddaert | year=1783 | title=Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés | place=Utrecht | page=40, Number 659 Fig. 2 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27822660 | language=fr }}</ref> Buffon mistaken believed that his specimen had come from Angola. In 1904 the Austrian ornithologist [[Carl Eduard Hellmayr]] designated the [[type location (biology)|type location]] as [[Rio de Janeiro]] in Brazil.<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Hellmayr | first=Carl Eduard | author-link=Carl Eduard Hellmayr | year=1904 | title=Über neue und wenig bekannte Fringilliden Brasiliens, nebst Bemerkungen über notwendige Änderungen in der Nomenklatur einiger Arten| language=de | journal=Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien | volume=54 | pages=516–537 [534] | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13378328 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Paynter | editor-first=Raymond A. Jr | year=1970 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World | volume=13 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=139 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483374 }}</ref> The rusty-collared seedeater is now placed in the genus ''[[Sporophila]]'' that was introduced by the German ornithologist [[Jean Cabanis]] in 1844.<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Cabanis | first=Jean | author-link=Jean Cabanis | year=1844 | title=Avium conspectus quae in Republica Peruana reperiuntur et pleraeqiio observatae vel collectae sunt in itinere a Dr. J.J. de Tschudi | language=la | journal=Archiv für Naturgeschichte | volume=10 | pages=262–317 [291] | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13704194 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2019 | title=New World warblers, mitrospingid tanagers | website=IOC World Bird List Version 9.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/warblers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=4 October 2019 }}</ref> The genus name combines the [[Ancient Greek]] ''{{lang|grc-Latn|sporos}}'' meaning "seed" and ''{{lang|grc-Latn|philos}}'' meaning "-loving". The specific ''collaris'' is Latin for "of the neck".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url=https://archive.org/details/helmdictionarysc00jobl | url-access=limited | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/helmdictionarysc00jobl/page/n113 113], 363 }}</ref>

Three [[subspecies]] are recognised:<ref name=ioc/>
* ''S. c. ochrascen'' [[Carl Eduard Hellmayr|Hellmayr]], 1904 – Bolivia to south-central Brazil
* ''S. c. collaris'' ([[Pieter Boddaert|Boddaert]], 1783) – east Brazil
* ''S. c. melanocephala'' ([[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1817) – southwest Brazil, Paraguay and north Argentina, also southeast Brazil and Uruguay

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3121356}}

[[Category:Sporophila|rusty-collared seedeater]]
[[Category:Birds of Argentina]]
[[Category:Birds of Bolivia]]
[[Category:Birds of Brazil]]
[[Category:Birds of the Pantanal]]
[[Category:Birds of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Birds of Uruguay]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1783|rusty-collared seedeater]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

{{Thraupidae-stub}}

Rusty-collared seedeater - Revision history

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