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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|14th century music manuscript}}<br />
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[[Image:Robertsbridgecodex fol44r.jpg|thumb|Folio No. 44 recto from the Robertsbridge Codex]]<br />
The '''Robertsbridge Codex''' (1360) is a music manuscript of the 14th century. It contains the earliest surviving music written specifically for keyboard.<br />
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The term codex is somewhat misleading: the musical section of the source comprises only two leaves, bound together with a larger manuscript from [[Robertsbridge]], [[East Sussex]], England.<ref>Caldwell, "Keyboard music: I.1."</ref><br />
It contains six pieces, three of them in the form of the ''[[estampie]]'', an Italian dance form of the [[Trecento]], as well as three arrangements of [[motet]]s. Two of the motets are from the ''[[Roman de Fauvel]]''. All of the music is anonymous, and all is written in [[tablature]]. Most of the music for the ''estampies'' is for two voices, often in parallel fifths, and also using [[hocket]] technique. Most likely the instrument used to play the pieces in the Codex was the [[organ (music)|organ]]. Formerly the date of the Codex was presumed to be around 1330,<ref>Gilbert Reaney, ''Manuscripts of Polyphonic Music'' (c. 1320-1400), RISM B/IV/2 (Munich: Henle Verlag, 1969).</ref> but more recent research has suggested a later date, slightly after mid-century.<ref>E. H. Roesner: Introduction to ''Philippe de Vitry: Complete Works'' (Monaco, 1984)</ref><br />
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The manuscript was considered Italian and connected to the main streams of the Italian [[Music of the Trecento|trecento]] in its contents and in its clear use of ''puncti divisionis'' (dots of division). However, scholarly consensus now considers the source English.<ref>John Caldwell, "Sources of keyboard music to 1660: 2. Principal Individual Sources: (vi) British Isles", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed April 21, 2007), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)].</ref><br />
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The Codex is in the [[British Library]] ([[Additional manuscripts|Add MS]] 28550) in London.<br />
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{{listen|filename=Estampie Retrove Robertsbridge.ogg|title=Estampie "Retrove"|description=From the Robertsbridge Codex, performed by Ulrich Metzner|format=[[Ogg]]}}<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
* [[John Gillespie (author)|John Gillespie]], ''Five Centuries of Keyboard Music.'' New York, Dover Publications, 1965/1972. {{ISBN|0-486-22855-X}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
* {{Commonscatinline}}<br />
* [http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/MMDB/Mss/LOR.htm Medieval Music Database] (La Trobe University)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150324224237/http://www.kantoreiarchiv.de/archiv/organ/anonymus_engl/ Sheet music of Robertsbridge Codex estampies]<br />
* [https://www.diamm.ac.uk/sources/386/#/ GB-Lbl Add. MS 28550], Digital Image Archive of Medieval Music, University of Oxford<br />
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{{Medieval music manuscript sources}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
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[[Category:Medieval music manuscript sources]]<br />
[[Category:British Library additional manuscripts]]<br />
[[Category:Robertsbridge|Codex]]<br />
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{{medieval-music-stub}}</div>imported>Antandrus