imported>Huldra: /* Bibliography */ |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah

2024-10-21T23:21:10Z

Bibliography: |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Qaddita
| native_name = قدّيتا
| native_name_lang = ar
| other_name = Kaditta
| settlement_type = Village

| imagesize = 250
| etymology = from personal name<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/76/mode/1up 76]</ref>

| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Mandatory Palestine]] | image_map = {{Historical map series|default=2|date1=1870s|date2=1940s|date3=modern|date4=1940s with modern overlay|width=225}} | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around Qaddita (click the buttons)
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
| coordinates = {{coord|33|00|17|N|35|28|5|E|type:city_region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = [[Palestine grid|Palestine grid]]
| grid_position = 194/267

| subdivision_type = [[Geopolitical entity]]
| subdivision_name = [[Mandatory Palestine]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Mandatory Palestine|Subdistrict]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Safad Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine|Safad]]

| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_date1 = May 11, 1948<ref>Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR16 xvi], village #46. Also gives cause of depopulation.</ref>
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates

| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = 2,441

| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 240<ref name=1945p10>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p10.jpg 10]</ref><ref name=Hadawi71/>

| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
| blank_info_sec1 = Influence of nearby town's fall
| blank3_name_sec1 = Current Localities
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Kadita]]
}}
'''Qaddita''' ({{langx|ar|قدّيتا}}, transliteration: ''Qaddîtâ'') was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[Arab]] village of 240, located {{convert|4.5|km|mi|sp=us}} northwest of [[Safad]]. It was captured and depopulated in the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]], with some of its inhabitants expelled or fleeing to nearby [['Akbara]] where they live as [[internally displaced Palestinians]] and others to refugee camps in [[Lebanon]] or [[Syria]].

==History==
It is possible that the name "Qaddita" is an [[Arabic language|Arabic]] distortion of the [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] word ''[[kaddish]]''.<ref name="Khalidi">Khalidi, 1992, p.485.</ref>

===Ottoman era===
Qaddita was under the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1517, and by 1596 it was administrated by the ''[[nahiya]]'' ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of [[Sanjak Safad]]. The population was 27 households, an estimated 149 inhabitants, all [[Muslim]]s. They paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on wheat, barley, vineyards, beehives, and goats; a total of 4,030 [[akçe]].<ref name="Hut and Abd">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p.175, cited in Khalidi, 1992, p.485.</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. [https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420031504/https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |date=2019-04-20 }} writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref>

The village appeared under the name of ''Kadis'' on the map that [[Pierre Jacotin]] compiled during [[French campaign in Egypt and Syria|Napoleon's invasion of 1799]].<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 165] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf |date=2019-12-22 }}</ref>

The village was reported to be totally destroyed in the devastating [[Galilee earthquake of 1837]].<ref>"[http://www.earth-prints.org/bitstream/2122/1595/1/09%20ambraseys.pdf The earthquake of 1 January 1837 in Southern Lebanon and Northern Israel]" by N. N. Ambraseys, in Annali di Geofisica, Aug. 1997, p.933</ref> In 1838, [[Edward Robinson (scholar)|Robinson]] noted: "''Kadita'' has many vineyards and fig trees in its neighbourhood, and was greatly injured by the earthquake".<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/367/mode/1up 367]</ref> He also noted it as a village located in the Safad district.<ref>Robinson and Smith, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/134/mode/1up 134]</ref>

In 1875, [[Victor Guérin]] found "only ten houses, inhabited by as many Moslem families. [[Cistern]]s cut in the rock prove that it is the site of an ancient place."<ref>Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr00gugoog#page/n468/mode/1up 428]; as given by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p, [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/198/mode/1up 198]</ref>

In 1881, the [[Palestine Exploration Fund|PEF]]'s ''[[PEF Survey of Palestine|Survey of Western Palestine]]'' (SWP) described ''Kadditha'': "a mud and stone village, containing about 200 Muslems, situated on the slope of a hill, with gardens of figs. There is a ''birket'' and spring."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p, [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/198/mode/1up 198]. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 485</ref>

A population list from about 1887 showed ''Kadditha'' to have about 315 inhabitants; all Muslims.<ref>Schumacher, 1888, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n213/mode/1up 188]</ref>

===British Mandate era===
Under the rule of the [[Mandate for Palestine|British Mandate in Palestine]], Qaddita expanded north and south, its houses were clustered together, and built of stone.<ref name="Khalidi"/> In the [[1922 census of Palestine]], Qaddita had a population of 110; all Muslims,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Safad, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n43/mode/1up 41]</ref> increasing in the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]] to 170, still all Muslims, in a total of 32 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111201210326/http://www.archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 109]</ref>

Its economy was based on animal husbandry and crop cultivation, mainly grains, figs, pomegranates, and grapes as well as olives which by 1943 covered 77 [[dunam]]s.<ref name="Khalidi"/> In the [[Village Statistics, 1945|1945 statistics]] the population was 240 Muslims,<ref name=1945p10/> and the total land area was 2,441 [[Dunam|dunums]];<ref name=Hadawi71>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Safad/Page-071.jpg 71]</ref> Of this, 150 dunums was plantations and irrigable land, 1,452 [[cereal]]s,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Safad/Page-120.jpg 120]</ref> while 31 dunams were built-up (urban) land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Safad/Page-170.jpg 170]</ref>

===1948, and after===
Like many other [[Palestinian]] villages in the eastern [[Galilee]], Qaddita was evacuated a day after [[Safad]] fell to the [[Israel]]is during Operation Yiftach on May 10. Some villagers were evicted to the village of [[Akbara]], south of Safad, where they, according to [[Walid Khalidi]], lived under harrowing circumstances. No [[Jew]]ish towns were built on village lands.<ref name="Khalidi"/> Khalidi describes the remains of the village being "tombs from the cemetery and stone rubble from the destroyed homes".<ref>Khalidi, 1992, p.486.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Kadita]]
*[[Hamaam, Israel|Hamaam]]

==References==
{{reflist|25em}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |editor = Barron, J. B. |title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url = https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine |year = 1923 }}
*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=1}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945|url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}}
*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr00gugoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 2|year=1880|publisher=L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre}}
*{{cite book |last1=Hütteroth|first1=W.-D.|author-link1=Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah |title=Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ |year=1977 |publisher=Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft |isbn=3-920405-41-2 }}
*{{cite journal|author = Karmon, Y.|title = An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine|url = http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|journal = [[Israel Exploration Journal]]|volume = 10|issue = 3,4|year = 1960|pages = 155–173; 244–253|access-date = 2015-04-26|archive-date = 2019-12-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|url-status = dead}}
*{{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ|first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=[[Washington D.C.]]|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
*{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | url = https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 }}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C|first=B.|last=Morris|author-link=Benny Morris|year=2004|title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838|location=Boston|publisher=[[Crocker & Brewster]]|volume=3}}
*{{cite book |last=Rhode |first=H. |author-link=Harold Rhode |date=1979 |url=https://www.academia.edu/2026845 |title=Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |access-date=2017-11-02 |archive-date=2020-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301141739/https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite journal | last = Schumacher | first = G. | author-link = Gottlieb Schumacher | title = Population list of the Liwa of Akka | journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 20 | pages = 169–191 | url = https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale | year = 1888 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/Safad/Qaddita/index.html Welcome to Qaddita]
*[http://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49448 Qaddita], [[Zochrot]]
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8367 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.04.jpg Wikimedia commons]
*[http://www.alnakba.org/villages/safad/qaddita.htm Qaddita], from the [[Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center]]
*[http://www.villagesofpalestine.com/Qaddita.htm Qaddita], Dr. Khalil Rizk

{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}

[[Category:Arab villages depopulated prior to the 1948 Arab–Israeli War]]
[[Category:District of Safad]]

Qaddita - Revision history

imported>Huldra: /* Bibliography */ |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah