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{{Short description|Subfamily of beetles}}
{{about|true powderpost beetles|false powderpost beetles|Bostrichidae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Powderpost beetle
| image = Lyctoxylon dentatum.jpg
| image_caption = Dorsal view of ''[[Lyctoxylon dentatum]]''
| taxon = Lyctinae
| authority = [[Gustaf Johan Billberg|Billberg]], 1820
| subdivision_ranks = Tribes and genera
| subdivision =
*[[Lyctini]]
**''[[Lyctoxylon]]''
**''[[Lyctus (beetle)|Lyctus]]''
**''[[Minthea]]''
*[[Trogoxylini]]
**''[[Trogoxylon]]''
}}
[[File:Heterobostrychus aequalis larva.jpg|thumb|{{center|A typical C-shaped larva of a beetle in the superfamily Bostrichoidea}}]]
[[File:Fig-tree borer larva Phryneta spinator 2145.JPG|thumb|{{center|A typical straight larva of a beetle in the family Cerambycidae, unrelated to the Bostrichoidea}}]]

'''Powderpost beetles''' are a group of seventy species of [[woodboring beetle]]s classified in the [[insect]] subfamily '''Lyctinae'''.<ref name="ADictionaryofZoology"/> These beetles, along with [[spider beetle]]s, [[death watch beetle]]s, [[common furniture beetle]]s, [[Dermestidae|skin beetles]], and others, make up the superfamily [[Bostrichoidea]]. While most woodborers have a large [[prothorax]], powderpost beetles do not, making their heads more visible. In addition to this, their antennae have two-jointed clubs. They are considered [[pest (animal)|pests]] and attack [[deciduous|deciduous trees]], over time reducing the wood to a [[powder (substance)|powdery]] dust. The damage caused by [[longhorn beetles]] (family Cerambycidae) is often confused with that of powderpost beetles, but the two groups are unrelated. The [[larva]]e of the Cerambycidae are white, straight and generally flat-headed, whereas those of the Bostrichidae are white and C-shaped.

==Name==
The term "powderpost" comes from the fact that the larvae of these beetles feed on [[wood]] and, given enough time, can reduce it to a mass of fine powder. Because of this behavior, they are considered pests. These beetles can survive in colder climates.

==Life cycle==
Powderpost beetle larvae spend months or years inside [[wood]] while developing, feeding mainly on the starch content. Their presence is only apparent when they emerge as adults, leaving behind pinhole-sized openings, often called "shot holes".<ref name="PennStateUniversity"/> They may also leave piles of powdery [[frass]] below. Shot holes normally range in diameter from {{convert|1/32|in|mm}} to {{convert|1/8|in|mm}}, depending on the species of beetle. If wood conditions are right, female beetles may lay their eggs and re-infest the wood, continuing the cycle for generations.

==Target materials==
Powderpost beetles feed on [[deciduous|deciduous trees]], including certain [[hardwood]]s or [[softwood]]s depending on the species. Some hardwoods are naturally immune if they have low starch content or if their pore diameters are too small for the female beetle's [[ovipositor]] to lay her eggs in.

[[Wood preservation|Wood preservatives]] can be used to prevent beetle infestation. Common treatments may use [[borate]], and frequently structural [[fumigation]].

Items that can be infested by powderpost beetles include wooden tools or tool handles, frames, furniture, gun stocks, books, toys, bamboo, flooring, and structural timbers.

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="ADictionaryofZoology">{{citation|last=Allaby|first=Michael|title=Lyctidae|work=A Dictionary of Zoology|year=1999|accessdate=6 July 2010|publisher=Encyclopedia.com|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>
<ref name="PennStateUniversity">{{citation|url=http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/powderpost-beetles|title=Powderpost Beetles — Entomology — Penn State University|accessdate=7 July 2010|publisher=Pennsylvania State University|work=College of Agricultural Sciences}}</ref>
}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Borowski|first=Jerzy |author2=Węgrzynowicz, Piotr |year=2012 |title=The Powderpost Beetles of the World (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae): Keys for the Identification of Species, Volume 1 |publisher=Mantis |isbn=9788362860036 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=svMZlAEACAAJ|ref=refEvans}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Lyctinae}}
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Lyctinae}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110622085819/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=123318 Lyctinae at Fauna Europaea]
* [https://www.pestworld.org/pest-guide/other-pests/powderpost-beetles/ Powderpost Beetle Fact Sheet] from the National Pest Management Association with information on habits, habitat and prevention
* [http://www.nature.nps.gov/biology/ipm/manual/museum.htm Museum pests including powderpoke] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041211162837/http://www.nature.nps.gov/biology/ipm/manual/museum.htm |date=2004-12-11 }} at the [[National Park Service]].
*[http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/powderpost_beetles_the_other_other_wood_destroying_insects Powderpost beetles – The other, other wood destroying insects] from Michigan State University Extension.
*[https://www.usinspect.com/guides/common-household-pests/]{{Dead link|date=June 2020}} the effect of beetles on wooden structures.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2638541}}

[[Category:Bostrichidae]]
[[Category:Building defects]]
[[Category:Household pest insects]]
[[Category:Woodboring beetles]]

Powderpost beetle - Revision history

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