http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Pimplinae Pimplinae - Revision history 2026-06-10T01:17:34Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.43.1 http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Pimplinae&diff=7015520&oldid=prev imported>CommonsDelinker: Replacing Tromatobia.ovivora.-.lindsey.jpg with File:Apechthis_rufata.-.lindsey-1.jpg (by CommonsDelinker because: File renamed: Criterion 3 (obvious error) · Egregiously misidentified o 2025-06-13T07:13:07Z <p>Replacing Tromatobia.ovivora.-.lindsey.jpg with <a href="/wiki143/index.php?title=File:Apechthis_rufata.-.lindsey-1.jpg&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="File:Apechthis rufata.-.lindsey-1.jpg (page does not exist)">File:Apechthis_rufata.-.lindsey-1.jpg</a> (by <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:CommonsDelinker" class="extiw" title="commons:User:CommonsDelinker">CommonsDelinker</a> because: <a href="/wiki143/index.php?title=C:COM:FR&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="C:COM:FR (page does not exist)">File renamed</a>: <a href="/wiki143/index.php?title=C:COM:FR&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="C:COM:FR (page does not exist)">Criterion 3</a> (obvious error) · Egregiously misidentified o</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Subfamily of wasps}}<br /> {{Automatic taxobox<br /> | image = Apechthis rufata.-.lindsey-1.jpg<br /> | image_caption = &#039;&#039;Apechthis rufata&#039;&#039;<br /> | taxon = Pimplinae<br /> | authority = [[Constantin Wesmael|Wesmael]], 1845<br /> }}<br /> <br /> &#039;&#039;&#039;Pimplinae&#039;&#039;&#039; are a worldwide [[subfamily]] of the [[parasitic wasp]] [[family (biology)|family]] [[Ichneumonidae]].&lt;ref name=Oehlke/&gt;&lt;ref name=Townes1969/&gt;&lt;ref name=Broad2006/&gt;<br /> <br /> Pimplinae are [[parasitoid]]s of [[Holometabola]], often the [[pupa]]e of [[Lepidoptera]]. Various species parasitize the egg sacs and adults of [[Araneae|spiders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;TakasukaFritzén2018&quot;/&gt; Those species that parasitize eggs are ectoparasitic [[Parasitoid|idiobionts]]. Females perforate the silk of the egg sacs and lay their egg(s) directly onto the surface of the eggs within them. After hatching, the parasitoid larvae feed externally on the eggs and kill most of the eggs in the process.&lt;ref name=Fei2023/&gt;<br /> <br /> Pimplinae are generally sturdy black insects with orange markings. The first [[tergite]] is box-like with the [[Spiracle (arthropods)|spiracle]] anterior to the middle.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}<br /> <br /> ==List of genera==<br /> There are 72 genera of Pimplinae listed below. <br /> ===Tribe [[Delomeristini]] &lt;small&gt;Hellén, 1915&lt;/small&gt;===<br /> {{div col|colwidth=20em}}<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Atractogaster]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Kriechbaumer, 1872&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Delomerista]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1868&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Perithous (wasp)|Perithous]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Holmgren, 1859&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pseudorhyssa]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Merrill, 1915 &lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=Klopfstein2018/&gt;<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> ===Tribe [[Ephialtini]] &lt;small&gt;Hellén, 1915&lt;/small&gt;===<br /> {{div col|colwidth=20em}}<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Pseudopimpla&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pseudopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Habermehl, 1917&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Alophosternum&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Alophosternum]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Cushman, 1933&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pachymelos]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Baltazar, 1961&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Camptotypus&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Camptotypus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Kriechbaumer, 1889&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Clydonium]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1966&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Hemipimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Saussure, 1892&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Odontopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Cameron, 1886&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Parvipimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gauld, 1984&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Zonopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Ashmead, 1900&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Ephialtes&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Afrephialtes]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Benoit, 1963&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Anastelgis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1960&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Calliephialtes]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Ashmead, 1900&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Dolichomitus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Smith, 1877&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Endromopoda]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Hellén, 1939&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Ephialtes (genus)|Ephialtes]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gravenhorst, 1829&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Exeristes]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1869&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Exestuberis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Wang &amp; Yue, 1995&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Flavopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Betrem, 1932&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Fredegunda (genus)|Fredegunda]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Fitton, Shaw &amp; Gauld, 1988&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Leptopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1961&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Liotryphon]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Ashmead, 1900&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Paraperithous]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Haupt, 1954&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pimplaetus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Seyrig, 1932&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Scambus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Hartig, 1838&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Townesia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Ozols, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Umanella]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gauld, 1991&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Xanthephialtes]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Cameron, 1906&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Xanthophenax]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Saussure, 1892&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Polysphincta&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Acrodactyla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Haliday, 1838&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Acropimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1960&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Acrotaphus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1960&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Afrosphincta]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Benoit, 1953&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Aravenator]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Momoi, 1973&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Dreisbachia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Eriostethus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Morley, 1914&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Eruga]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes &amp; Townes, 1960&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Flacopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gauld, 1991&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Hymenoepimecis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Viereck, 1912&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Oxyrrhexis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1868&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Piogaster]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Perkins, 1958&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Polysphincta]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gravenhorst, 1829&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pterinopus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1969&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Reclinervellus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;He &amp; Ye, 1998&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Schizopyga]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gravenhorst, 1829&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Sericopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Kriechbaumer, 1895&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Sinarachna]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Townes, 1960&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Ticapimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gauld, 1991&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Zabrachypus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Cushman, 1920&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Zatypota]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1869&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ====&#039;&#039;Tromatobia&#039;&#039; genus-group====<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Clistopyga]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gravenhorst, 1829&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Gregopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Momoi, 1965&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Iseropus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1868&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Tromatobia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1869&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Zaglyptus]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1869&lt;/small&gt;<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> ===Tribe [[Pimplini]] &lt;small&gt;Wesmael, 1845&lt;/small&gt;===<br /> {{div col|colwidth=20em}}<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Alophopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Momoi, 1966&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Apechthis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1868&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Echthromorpha]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Holmgren, 1868&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Itoplectis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Förster, 1869&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Lissopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Kriechbaumer, 1889&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * {{extinct}}&#039;&#039;[[Parapimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Théobald, 1937&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Pimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Fabricius, 1804&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Strongylopsis]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Brauns, 1896&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Xanthopimpla]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Saussure, 1892&lt;/small&gt;<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> ===Tribe [[Theroniini]] &lt;small&gt;Cushman &amp; Rohwer, 1920&lt;/small&gt;===<br /> {{div col|colwidth=20em}}<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Augerella]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gupta, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Epitheronia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gupta, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Neotheronia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Krieger, 1899&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Nomosphecia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gupta, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Parema]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Gupta, 1962&lt;/small&gt;<br /> * &#039;&#039;[[Theronia]]&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;Holmgren, 1859&lt;/small&gt;<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> <br /> ==Gallery==<br /> &lt;gallery&gt;<br /> File:Parasite170127-fig 2A (unlabelled) ovipositor Pimplinae Brachyzapus nikkoensis.jpg|&#039;&#039;Brachyzapus nikkoensis&#039;&#039; depositing egg on a spider<br /> <br /> File:Parasite170127-fig 2B (unlabelled) ovipositor Pimplinae Zatypota albicoxa.jpg|&#039;&#039;Zatypota albicoxa&#039;&#039; depositing egg on a spider<br /> File:Ichneumonidae - Pimpla cf. rufipes.jpg|&#039;&#039;Pimpla rufipes&#039;&#039;<br /> File:Dolichomitus Eiablage-02-R Bartz.jpg|&#039;&#039;Dolichomitus&#039;&#039; sp.<br /> Scambus buolianae CNCHYM 09787.jpg|&#039;&#039;Scambus buolianae&#039;&#039;<br /> 2018 08 20 Schlupfwespe.jpg|&#039;&#039;Exeristes roborator&#039;&#039;<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|refs=<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=Oehlke&gt;<br /> {{cite journal |last=Oehlke |first=J. |date=1967 |title= Westpaläarktische Ichneumonidae 1, Ephialtinae |journal=Hymenopterorum Catalogus (new edition) |volume=2 |pages=1-49}}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=Townes1969&gt;<br /> {{cite journal |last=Townes |first= Henry K. |date=1969 |title=Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 1 (Ephialtinae (Pimplinae), Tryphoninae, Labiinae, Adelognathinae, Xoridinae, Agriotypinae) |journal=Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute |volume=11 |pages=1-300}}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=Broad2006&gt;<br /> {{cite web |first=Gavin |last=Broad |date=2006 |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090530010136/http://www.brc.ac.uk/downloads/Ichneumonidae_subfamily_key.pdf |title=Identification key to the subfamilies of Ichneumonidae |location= London |publisher= Natural History Museum |pages=1-38}}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;TakasukaFritzén2018&quot;&gt;<br /> {{cite journal| last1=Takasuka| first1=Keizo| last2=Fritzén| first2=Niclas R.| last3=Tanaka |first3=Yoshihiro |last4=Matsumoto |first4=Rikio |last5=Maeto |first5=Kaoru |last6=Shaw |first6=Mark R. |title=The changing use of the ovipositor in host shifts by ichneumonid ectoparasitoids of spiders (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) |journal=Parasite |volume=25 |year=2018 |pages=17 |issn=1776-1042 |doi=10.1051/parasite/2018011|pmid=29589827 |pmc=5873220}} {{open access}}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=Fei2023&gt;<br /> {{Cite journal |last1=Fei |first1=Minghui |last2=Gols |first2=Rieta |last3=Harvey |first3=Jeffrey A. |date=2023-01-23 |title=The Biology and Ecology of Parasitoid Wasps of Predatory Arthropods |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=109–128 |doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-120120-111607 |pmid=36198401 |s2cid=252736581 |issn=0066-4170|doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11755/8f020f3d-b12d-4d23-8c07-eae6302721b8 |hdl-access=free }}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref name=Klopfstein2018&gt;<br /> {{cite journal |last1=Klopfstein |first1=Seraina |last2=Langille |first2=Barbara |last3=Spasojevic |first3=Tamara |last4=Broad |first4=Gavin R. |last5=Cooper |first5=J. B. |last6=Austin |first6=Andrew D. |last7=Niehuis |first7=Oliver |date=2018 |title=Hybrid capture data unravel a rapid radiation of pimpliform parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimpliformes) |journal=Systematic Entomology |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=361-383 |doi=10.1111/syen.12333|hdl=10141/622806 |hdl-access=free }}<br /> &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080610150454/http://bitkikorumamuzesi.netfirms.com/ichneumonidae_anahtar.htm#pimplinae Diagnostic characters]<br /> *[http://www.waspweb.org/Ichneumonoidea/Ichneumonidae/Pimplinae/index.htm Waspweb]<br /> *[http://ponent.atspace.org/fauna/ins/fam/ichneumonidae/pimplinae_pim.htm Ponent] Images (in easy Spanish)<br /> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20101021045815/http://hol.osu.edu/ Hymenoptera Online (HOL)]<br /> *{{cite web |last=Yu |first=Dicky Sick Ki |url=http://www.taxapad.com/local.php?taxonidLC=90177541 |title=Pimplinae Wesmael 1845 |website=Home of Ichneumonoidea |publisher=Taxapad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325012625/http://www.taxapad.com/local.php?taxonidLC=90177541 |archive-date=25 March 2016}}<br /> *[http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonTree.aspx?id=27814 Taxonomicon]<br /> <br /> {{Taxonbar|from=Q1947099}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Pimplinae| ]]<br /> [[Category:Apocrita subfamilies]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Ichneumonidae-stub}}</div> imported>CommonsDelinker