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The '''PASCAL Photocoagulator''' is an integrated semi-automatic pattern scan [[laser photocoagulation]] system designed to treat [[ocular disease]]s using a single shot or predetermined pattern array. The device is for [[ophthalmologists]], particularly those that focus in vitreo-retinal surgery, a type of [[eye surgery]]. It was developed by OptiMedica, an ophthalmic medical device company located in [[Silicon Valley]] ([[Sunnyvale, California|Sunnyvale, CA]]).

==History==
The PASCAL (PAtterned SCAnning Laser) method of photocoagulation was initially developed at [[Stanford University]]. OptiMedica founders worked together at [[Coherent (company)|Coherent]], and based on their experience in the ophthalmic laser industry, recognized the need for improved safety, precision, comfort and speed of photocoagulation procedures for eye diseases.<ref>[http://www.retinajournal.com/pt/re/retina/fulltext.00006982-200603000-00024.htm RETINA - Fulltext: Volume 26(3) March 2006 p 370-376] Semi-Automated Pattern Scanning Laser for Retinal Photocoagulation</ref>

Ophthalmic company, [[Topcon|Topcon Corp.]] has distributed the PASCAL system since 2008, and acquired OptiMedica's retina and glaucoma technology in August 2010.

==Ophthalmic laser delivery systems==
Most ophthalmic laser delivery systems include:
* A laser source, such as the [[Nd:YAG laser]] used in Pascal
* A delivery device such as a [[slit lamp]] or laser indirect ophthalmoscope (LIO)
* A control system for selecting power and duration
* A method for selecting spot size

The Pascal system is fully integrated with a [[touch screen]] [[GUI]], advanced [[slit lamp]] [[optics]], slit lamp mounted [[micromanipulator]], and [[ergonomic]] features for the physician and patient.

==Pascal Method - pattern scanning==
In scanning applications, a [[control system]] applies an electric current proportional to the desired location of a beam of light to a high speed, sensitive, limited rotation motor called a [[galvanometer]] (commonly referred to as a galvo). A scanner is a galvo with a mirror attached to it. When the current is changed, the scanner quickly steers the laser beam to the desired location. Closed loop circuits ensure that the desired position is precisely reached.

In Pascal, control selections such as pattern and spot size from the [[graphic user interface]] are translated into (F,X,Y) coordinates. Three scanners deliver laser light to the [[retina]] in multi-spot patterns by controlling the x-position (X), y-position(Y) and fiber selection(F) for the placement and size of the laser beam.

The use of a [[FPGA]] from [[National Instruments]] enables fast scanning speed and a short response time of 4 [[microseconds]] for critical measurements and controlled feedback.

==Indications for use==
Pascal Photocoagulator was approved in 2005 by the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] through a [[510(k)]] for treating [[Blood vessel|vascular]] and structural abnormalities of the [[retina]] and [[choroids]] including:<ref>[https://www.fda.gov/cdrh/pdf6/K062336.pdf fda.gov]{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} </ref>
* Proliferative and non-proliferative [[diabetic retinopathy]]
* Choroidal neovascularization
* Branch and central retinal vein occlusion
* [[Age-related macular degeneration]]
* Lattice degeneration
* Retinal tears and detachments
* [[Iridotomy]]
* [[Iridectomy]]
* Trabeculoplasty in angle closure and open angle [[glaucoma]]

Pascal photocoagulator also has [CE Mark] for international sale.

==Awards==
In 2007, [[OptiMedica]] received a [[R&D 100 Award]] for its work on the Pascal Photocoagulator. The Pascal Photocoagulator received a Medical Design Excellence Award gold medal in 2007 and a Wall Street Journal Technology Innovation award in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Industry Takes a Bow The presentation of the 2007 Medical Design Excellence Awards celebrates the latest achievements in medical technology.|url=http://www.devicelink.com/mx/archive/07/07/mdea.html|work=devicelink.com|publisher=Canon Communications|accessdate=17 February 2014|date=August 2007}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* [http://www.optimedica.com OptiMedica website]

[[Category:Diabetes-related supplies and medical equipment]]
[[Category:Ophthalmic equipment]]
[[Category:Companies based in Santa Clara, California]]
[[Category:Laser medicine]]

Pascal Photocoagulator - Revision history

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