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{{Globalize|date=April 2021}}[[File:Ovi.png|thumb|200px|[[50 euro note]] details, seen from different angles. "50" was printed with OVI.]]
[[File:Optically variable ink on usb drives.png|thumb|Optically variable ink used in popular USB drives that are often subject to counterfeiting. Taken from 2 different angles.]]

'''Optically variable ink''' ('''OVI''') also called ''' color shifting ink''' is an anti-[[counterfeiting]] measure used on many major modern [[banknote]]s, as well as on other official documents ([[licensure|professional licenses]], for example).

The ink displays two distinct colors depending on the angle the bill is viewed at. The [[United States fifty-dollar bill]], for example, uses color shifting ink for the numeral 50 so that it displays copper at one angle and bright green in another.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sicpa.com/731/764/1860/1911/7512.asp|title=New design for the US $50|author=|website=www.sicpa.com|publisher=SICPA|access-date=24 July 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016041931/http://www.sicpa.com/731/764/1860/1911/7512.asp |archive-date=16 October 2006}}</ref>

OVI is particularly useful as an [[Counterfeit#Anti-counterfeiting technologies|anti-counterfeiting measure]] as it is not widely available, and it is used on [[security printing]]. One major manufacturer is a [[Switzerland|Swiss]] company called [[SICPA]] (Société Industrielle et Commerciale de Produits pour l'Agriculture). Additional suppliers include German company [[E.T. Gleitsmann|Gleitsmann Security Inks]], [[Sun Chemical]] (through their Brand Protection Division based in Manchester, UK), and the Swiss company [[Printcolor AG]], located in Berikon, [[Switzerland]].

Color-shifting inks reflect various wavelengths in white light differently, depending on the angle of incidence to the surface. An unaided eye will observe this effect as a change of color while the viewing angle is changed. A color copier or scanner can copy a document only at one fixed angle relative to the document's surface.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icao.int/mrtdsymposium/2007/Docs/DIS_ICAO_Montreal_Presentation%202007_final.pdf|website=www.icao.int|publisher=International Civil Aviation Organization|title=3rd ICAO MRTD Biometrics and Security Standard Symposium - 2007|access-date=7 December 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219141857/http://www.icao.int/mrtdsymposium/2007/Docs/DIS_ICAO_Montreal_Presentation%202007_final.pdf|archive-date=19 December 2008}}</ref> It uses finely powdered [[pearlescent]] [[glitter]] or flakes of mica or an electrically insulating material such as resins or plastics with at least two metal-based, optically reflective compounds on top deposited by physical vapor deposition, that cause light interference.<ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/US6383638B1/en?q=(glitter)&assignee=Flex+Products+Inc&scholar&oq=assignee:(Flex+Products+Inc)+glitter&page=1&peid=635a2097f07b0%3A182%3A48169008</ref><ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/CN1900178B/en?q=(glitter)&assignee=Flex+Products+Inc&scholar&oq=assignee:(Flex+Products+Inc)+glitter</ref><ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/CN1923912B/en?q=(glitter)&assignee=Flex+Products+Inc&scholar&oq=assignee:(Flex+Products+Inc)+glitter</ref><ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/US6749777B2/en?q=(glitter)&assignee=Flex+Products+Inc&scholar&oq=assignee:(Flex+Products+Inc)+glitter&page=1</ref> It is similar to paint containing [[ChromaFlair]] pigment.

==Optically variable magnetic ink==

Optically variable magnetic ink (OVMI) has visual effects that are based on the magnetic properties of the ink. When the document is tilted, movement of a bright light stripe occurs and the colour changes. It is usually applied by screen printing. This type of ink is used for the [[Euro banknotes|Euro]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Security features - Europa series €100 banknote|url=https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/banknotes/security/html/index.en.html|website=www.ecb.europa.eu|date=11 September 2018|publisher=European Central Bank|access-date=12 November 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112065935/https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/banknotes/security/html/index.en.html|archive-date=12 November 2018}}</ref> [[Brazilian real]],<ref>{{cite web|title=GET TO KNOW THE BRAZILIAN BANKNOTES|url=https://www.bcb.gov.br/dinheirobrasileiro/en/segunda-familia-cedulas.html|website=www.bcb.gov.br|publisher=Central Bank of Brazil|language=en,pt,es-419|access-date=12 November 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112223355/https://www.bcb.gov.br/dinheirobrasileiro/en/segunda-familia-cedulas.html|archive-date=12 November 2018}}</ref> and [[Russian ruble]] banknotes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banknotes|url=https://www.cbr.ru/eng/Bank-notes_coins/banknotes_itm/?PrtId=banknotes_itm&nominal=5000&year=2010|website=www.cbr.ru|publisher=Central Bank of the Russian Federation |language=ru,en|access-date=12 November 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112224537/https://www.cbr.ru/eng/Bank-notes_coins/banknotes_itm/?PrtId=banknotes_itm&nominal=5000&year=2010|archive-date=12 November 2018}}</ref>

==References==
{{Portal|Money|Numismatics}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Money forgery]]

Optically variable ink - Revision history

imported>MrOllie: rm vendor link