imported>BD2412: Clean up spacing errors around ref tags., replaced: /ref>T → /ref> T

2023-10-08T14:54:46Z

Clean up spacing errors around ref tags., replaced: /ref>T → /ref> T

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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Olearia ramulosa.jpg
|image_caption = In [[Box Hill South, Victoria]]
|genus = Olearia
|species = ramulosa
|authority = ([[Jacques Labillardière|Labill.]]) [[George Bentham|Benth.]]<ref name=APC>{{cite web|title=''Olearia ramulosa''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/105817|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" />
|synonyms = {{collapsible list |
* ''Aster aculeatus'' Labill.
* ''Aster benthami'' [[F.Muell.]] [[orth. var.]]
* ''Aster benthamii'' F.Muell.
* ''Aster ramulosus'' Labill.
* ''Diplostephium aculeatum'' (Labill.) [[Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck|Nees]]
* ''Diplostephium ramulosum'' (Labill.) Nees
* ''Eurybia aculeata'' (Labill.) [[DC.]]
* ''Eurybia collina'' [[Sond.]] nom. inval., pro syn.
* ''Eurybia epileia'' DC.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' (Labill.) DC.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''aculeata'' (Labill.) [[Hook.f.]]
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''densa'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''elongata'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''ericaefolia'' Hook.f. orth. var.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''ericifolia'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''floribunda'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''glabrata'' Sond.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''grandiflora'' A.D.Chapm. orth. var.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''grandifolia'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' var. ''laxa'' Hook.f.
* ''Eurybia ramulosa'' (Labill.) DC. var. ''ramulosa''
* ''Olearia hookeri'' var. ''microcephala'' Benth.
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' (Labill.) Benth. f. ''ramulosa''
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''communis'' Benth. nom. inval.
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''longisetosa'' [[J.H.Willis]]
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''microcephala'' (Benth.) J.H.Willis
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' (Labill.) Benth. var. ''ramulosa''
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''rigida'' J.H.Willis
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''stricta'' (Benth.) J.H.Willis
* ''Olearia ramulosa'' var. ''tomentosa'' J.H.Willis
* ''Olearia stricta'' Benth.
* ''Shawia aculeata'' (Labill.) [[Sch.Bip.]]
* ''Shawia epileia'' (DC.) Sch.Bip.
* ''Shawia ramulosa'' (Labill.) Sch.Bip.
}}
}}

'''''Olearia ramulosa''''', commonly known as '''twiggy daisy-bush''',<ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |last1=Lander |first1=Nicholas S. |title=''Olearia ramulosa'' |url=https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Olearia~ramulosa |publisher=Royal BotanicGarden Sydney |access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Asteraceae]] and is [[endemic]] to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with narrowly elliptic, linear or narrowly egg-shaped leaves, and pale blue, mauve or white and yellow, daisy-like [[inflorescence]]s.

==Description==
''Olearia ramulosa'' is a shrub that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|1.6|m}}. Its leaves are alternately arranged along the stems, narrowly elliptic, linear or narrowly egg-shaped with the narrower end towards tha base, {{cvt|2–8|mm}} long and {{cvt|0.8–2.5|mm}} wide with the edges rolled under. The upper surface of the leaf is covered with minute pimples and the lower surface is covered with grey, woolly hairs. The heads or daisy-like [[Pseudanthium|"flowers"]] are arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of branches and are sessile or on a [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] up to {{cvt|14|mm}} long. The heads are {{cvt|10–20|mm}} in diameter with a conical [[Involucral bract|involucre]] {{cvt|3–6|mm}} long at the base. Each head has 2 to 13 pale blue, mauve or white ray [[Glossary of botanical terms#floret|florets]] surrounding 3 to 13 yellow disc florets. Flowering occurs from October to May and the fruit is a silky-hairy [[achene]], the [[Pappus (botany)|pappus]] with 22 to 41 bristles.<ref name="RBGS" /><ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Walsh |first1=Neville G. |last2=Lander |first2=Nicholas S. |title=''Olearia ramulosa'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/14be27e2-f2ea-4cc9-8b55-4354b7281109 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=EJ97>{{cite book |author1 = Elliot, Rodger W. |author2 = Jones, David L. |author3 = Blake, Trevor |title = Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation |volume = 7: N–Po |year = 1997 |page = 93 |publisher = Lothian Press |location = Port Melbourne, Victoria |isbn = 0-85091-634-8 }}</ref><ref name="SA">{{cite web |title=''Olearia ramulosa'' |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Olearia_ramulosa |publisher=State Herbarium of South Australia |access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
[[Jacques Labillardière]] described the twiggy daisy bush as ''Aster ramulosus'' in 1806, in volume 2 of his ''[[Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen]]'', from material collected in Tasmania.<ref name=APNI1>{{cite web|title=''Aster ramulosus''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/538096 |publisher=APNI|access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author=Labillardiere, J.J.H. de |year=1806|title= Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen | volume=2 |page= 51 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40881971#page/51/mode/1up | publisher=Ex typographia Dominæ Huzard |language=la |location=Paris, France }}</ref>

In 1867, [[George Bentham]] changed the name to ''Olearia ramulosus'' in ''Flora Australiensis''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Olearia ramulosa''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/535518 |publisher=APNI|access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref><ref name="Benth.">{{cite book |last1=Bentham |first1=George |last2=von Mueller |first2=Ferdinand |title=Flora Australiensis |date=1867 |publisher=Lovell Reeve & Co. |location=London |pages=476–477 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/41807#page/484/mode/1up |access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref> The [[Binomial nomenclature|specific epithet]] (''ramulosus'') means "bearing branches".<ref name="Sharr">{{cite book |last1=Sharr |first1=Francis Aubi |last2=George |first2=Alex |title=Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings |date=2019 |publisher=Four Gables Press |location=Kardinya, WA |isbn=9780958034180 |page=291 |edition=3rd}}</ref>

Other botanists gave the species other names, but the name accepted by the [[Australian Plant Census]] is ''Olearia ramulosa''. Those other botanists included German botanist [[Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck]] who changed Labillardière's ''Aster ramulosus'' to ''Diplostephium ramulosum'' in 1832,<ref name=APNI2>{{cite web|title=''Diplostephium ramulosum''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/494402 |publisher=APNI|access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author=Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D. |year=1832|title= Genera et Species Asterearum|page= 193|language=la | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32623002}}</ref> and Swiss botanist [[Augustin Pyramus de Candolle]] who changed Labillardière's name to ''Eurybia ramulosa'' in 1836.<ref name=APNI3>{{cite web|title=''Eurybia ramulosa''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/531516 |publisher=APNI|access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=De Candolle|first=Augustin Pyramus|title=Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis|publisher=Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz|location=Paris, France|date=1836|volume=5|pages=270|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/151705|language=la}}</ref>

Alternative common names are oily bush and water cypress.<ref name="PwNSW">{{cite book|author1=Cunningham, Geoff M. |author2=Mulham, William E. |author3=Milthorpe, Peter L. |author4=Leigh, John H. |title=Plants of Western New South Wales|publisher=NSW Government Printing Service|location=Sydney, New South Wales|year=1981|page=644|isbn=0-7240-2003-9}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
''Olearia ramulosa'' grows in forest, woodland and scrub, and is widespread and common from south-eastern Queensland, through New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and eastern Victoria to south-eastern South Australia and Tasmania.<ref name="RBGS" /><ref name="RBGV" /><ref name="SA" /><ref name="utas">{{cite web |last1=Jordan |first1=Greg |title=''Oleaaria ramulosa'' |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/dicotkey/dicotkey/AST/ast/sOlearia_ramulosa.htm |publisher=University of Tasmania |access-date=15 July 2022}}</ref>

==Ecology==
The plant is eaten by caterpillars of the moth species ''[[Amelora milvaria]]''.<ref>{{cite book | title=Moths of Australia | author=Common, I.F.B. | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k7mDUXKhemQC&q=Olearia+ramulosa&pg=PT586 |isbn=9780643102712 | year=1990 | publisher=CSIRO publishing}}</ref> Bees, beetles, and less commonly flies and wasps have been recorded visiting flowers in a Tasmanian field study.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Kingston, Andrew B. |author2=Quillan, Peter B. |title=Are pollination syndromes useful predictors of floral visitors in Tasmania? | journal=Austral Ecology | volume=25| issue=6 |year=2000|pages= 600–09 | url=http://eprints.utas.edu.au/8330/1/Are_pollination_syndromes_useful_predictors_of_floral_visitors_in_Tasmania_2000.pdf | doi=10.1111/j.1442-9993.2000.tb00065.x}}</ref>

==Use in horticulture==
''Olearia ramulosa'' can be propagated by seeds or cuttings of new growth that has hardened. It can be grown in dry or temperate climates and is frost-hardy in sunny or part-shaded spots. Pruning can invigorate it and it can be grown as a low hedge.<ref name=EJ97/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7086009}}

[[Category:Asterales of Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of Tasmania]]
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]]
[[Category:Flora of the Australian Capital Territory]]
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:Olearia|ramulosa]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1806]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Jacques Labillardière]]

Olearia ramulosa - Revision history

imported>BD2412: Clean up spacing errors around ref tags., replaced: /ref>T → /ref> T