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{{Short description|Biblical garden and nature preserve in Israel}}
{{Infobox park
| name = Neot Kedumim
| alt_name = Biblical Landscape Reserve in Israel
| native_name = נאות קדומים
| native_name_lang = he
| image = Neot Kedunim 73098.png
| image_caption = Neot Kedumim landscape
| type = Biblical garden and nature preserve
| location =
| nearest_city = Modi'in, Israel
| coordinates = {{coord|31|55|44|N|35|1|28|E|region:IL_type:landmark}}
| area = 2500 dunam
| established = 1964
| founder = Noga Hareuveni
| etymology = Pleasant pastures (or habitations) of old
| awards = Israel Prize, 1994
| website = [http://www.neot-kedumim.org.il www.neot-kedumim.org.il]
}}
[[File:Neot Kedumim lake view.jpg|thumb|Neot Kedumim lake view]]
'''Neot Kedumim, the Biblical Landscape Reserve in Israel''' ({{langx|he|נאות קדומים}}) is a [[Biblical garden]] and nature preserve located near [[Modi'in]], midway between [[Jerusalem]] and [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israel]].

==Etymology==

Neot Kedumim means "pleasant pastures ''(or habitations)'' of old."<ref>BibleHub.com's translation: http://biblehub.com/strongs/hebrew/4999.htm (see "transliteration" of "naah" to "neot"). Grafted In Fellowship's translation: http://www.graftedinfellowship.org/uploads/5/7/3/3/5733440/biblical_hebrew.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204025433/http://www.graftedinfellowship.org/uploads/5/7/3/3/5733440/biblical_hebrew.pdf |date=2014-02-04 }} For Kedumim meaning ancient/antique: http://translation.babylon.com/hebrew/to-english/%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D/ ''See also: affirming biblehub's above translation of neot, a search of the Hebrew Bible by mechon-mamre.org, by inputting "נְאוֹת", shows it refers to a pleasant or productive "pasture" or sometimes, but less often "a habitation": http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0.htm and 'beautiful' instead of 'pleasant' is used both in http://andreaslloyd.dk/2011/05/welcome-to-neot-semadar & the Grafted In Fellowship link, above.''</ref>

==Overview==
Neot Kedumim is an attempt to re-create the physical setting of the [[Hebrew Bible]]. The park covers an area of about {{convert|2500|dunam}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.neot-kedumim.org.il/?CategoryID=180&ArticleID=122 |title=Neot Kedumim-Who are we |publisher=official Neot Kdumim website |access-date=2012-07-26}}</ref> The idea of planting such a garden dates back to 1925. In 1964, land was allocated for the project with the help of Prime Minister [[David Ben-Gurion]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.neot-kedumim.org.il/?CategoryID=190&ArticleID=152 |title=Neot Kdumim-History |publisher=official Neot Kedumim website |access-date=2012-07-26}}</ref>

Neot Kedumim comprises a series of natural and agricultural landscapes, among them the Forest of Milk and Honey, the Dale of the [[Song of Songs]], [[Isaiah]]'s Vineyard and the Fields of the [[Seven Species]]. Signs are posted throughout the garden quoting relevant [[Jew]]ish texts in [[Hebrew]] and English.<ref>[http://www.ou.org/life/israel/neot_kedumim/ About Neot Kedumim, Orthodox Union, ou.org]</ref>
[[File:Neot Kedumim palm trees.jpg|thumb|palm trees]]
Neot Kedumim offers pre-booked organized tours but is also accessible to individuals who can roam the site on their own with maps provided by the park.<ref name=Haaretz>{{cite news |author=Danna Harman |date=24 February 2014 |title=Neot Kedumim: Israel's biblical landscape reserve |newspaper=[[Haaretz]] |url=http://www.haaretz.com/travel-in-israel/neot-kedumim-israel-s-biblical-landscape-reserve-1.419336 |access-date=19 August 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Neot Kedumim view.jpg|thumb|Neot Kedumim view]]

==History==
When Ephraim and Hannah Hareuveni [[aliyah|immigrated]] from Russia to Ottoman Palestine in 1912, they dreamed of developing a biblical landscape reserve that "embodied the panorama and power of the landscapes that both shaped the values of the Bible and provided a rich vocabulary for expressing them". Their son, Noga, a physicist, dedicated his life to implementing his parents' dream. To build the park, thousands of tons of soil were trucked in, reservoirs were built to catch runoff rain water, ancient terraces, wine presses and [[mikvah|ritual baths]] were restored, and hundreds of varieties of plants were cultivated.<ref name=Haaretz/>

In 1994 Neot Kedumim and [[Noga Hareuveni]], the driving spirit behind the garden, were awarded the [[Israel Prize]] for their special contribution to society and the State of Israel.<ref name=prize>{{Cite web |publisher= Israel Prize |title= Recipients in 1994 |language= Hebrew |url= http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnad}}</ref>

==Salvia and menorah==
Plants in several species of the genus ''[[Salvia]]'' resemble the [[Menorah (Hanukkah)|menorah]].<ref>[http://thekabbalahcoach.blogspot.com/2008/12/menorah-and-moriah.html The Kabbalah Coach: The Menorah and the Moriah, by Maida Silverman]</ref><ref>[http://www.irenevirag.com/media/men_gw.pdf Menorahs growing wild, Irene Virag]</ref>{{blockquote|A shrub called the moriah, which bears a striking resemblance to the menorah, particularly inspires Miss Frenkley. "In Exodus, Chapters 25 and 37," she says, "we get a very exact description of how the artisan Bezalel fashioned the first menorah, or seven-branched candelabram, for the Tabernacle in Sinai. We're told it was patterned with three knobbed branches on each side of the main stem, and with so many almond-shaped calyxes and flowers on each branch. Dr. Hareuveni's parents searched for the botanical prototype and identified it as this moriah, or ''[[Salvia palaestina]]''. It's a member of the sage family, and its very fragrant oil was likely used in the Temple. In the Bible we're told that the burning of sweet incense always accompanied the lighting of the menorah."<ref>{{cite news|author=Nesvisky, Matthew|title=Garden Where Biblical Plants Come to Life|date=12 May 1985|newspaper=NY Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/12/travel/garden-where-biblical-plants-come-to-life.html}}</ref>}}

== See also ==
* [[List of Israel Prize recipients]]
* [[Tourism in Israel]]
* [[Wildlife in Israel]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{official website|http://www.neot-kedumim.org.il/}}
* {{cite news |author=Ariel Hirshfeld |date=January 1, 2008 |script-title=he:בין אזובי הקיר לאהרונסוניית-פקטורובסקי |language=he |trans-title=Among the mosses of the wall, ''Aaronsohnia factorovskyi'' |newspaper=[[Haaretz]] |url=http://www.haaretz.co.il/misc/1.1298453 |access-date=19 August 2014}} Note: see ''[[Aaronsohnia]]'' for a picture of ''Aaronsohnia factorovskyi'', a species in the daisy family.

{{Nature reserves of Israel}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|31|57|0.84|N|34|58|33.47|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Israel Prize recipients that are organizations]]
[[Category:Israel Prize for special contribution to society and the State recipients]]
[[Category:Parks in Israel]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Central District (Israel)]]
[[Category:Nature reserves in Israel]]
[[Category:Bible-themed museums, zoos, and botanical gardens]]
[[Category:Hebrew Bible in popular culture]]

Neot Kedumim - Revision history

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