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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox locomotive
|powertype = Steam
|name = NBR C Class LNER Class J36 & J32
|image = Airdrie Kipps Locomotive Depot geograph-2356724-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
|caption = 65260 at Kipps Locomotive Depot
|designer = [[Matthew Holmes (engineer)|Matthew Holmes]]
|builder = NBR [[Cowlairs railway works|Cowlairs Works]] (138), [[Neilson and Company]] (15), [[Sharp, Stewart and Company]] (15)
|builddate = 1888–1901
|totalproduction = 200 168 (J36) + 32 (J32)
|whytetype = [[0-6-0]]
|gauge = {{track gauge|ussg}}
|driverdiameter = {{convert|5|ft|0|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
|length = {{ubl|Unrebuilt: {{convert|49|ft|0+1/2|in|abbr=on}}|Rebuilt: {{convert|49|ft|2|in|abbr=on}}}}{{sfn|Fry|1966|p=215}}
|axleload = {{long ton|15|15}}
|locoweight = {{long ton|41|19}}
|tenderweight = {{long ton|33|9}}
|fueltype = Coal
|fuelcap =
|watercap =
|firearea =
|boilerpressure = {{convert|165|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on}}
|cylindercount = Two, inside
|cylindersize = {{convert|18|x|26|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
|valvegear = [[Stephenson valve gear|Stephenson]]
|tractiveeffort = {{convert|19690|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}}
|operator= {{ubl|[[North British Railway]]|[[London and North Eastern Railway]]|[[British Railways]]}}
|powerclass = BR: 2F
|withdrawndate = 1926–1967
|nicknames = Eighteen inchers
|disposition = One J36 preserved, remainder scrapped. All J32 locomotives scrapped.
}}
The NBR '''C Class''' ([[London and North Eastern Railway|LNER]] Class '''J36''') is a class of [[0-6-0]] [[steam locomotive]]s designed by [[Matthew Holmes (engineer)|Matthew Holmes]] for freight work on the [[North British Railway]] (NBR). They were introduced in 1888 with inside cylinders and [[Stephenson valve gear]]. A total of 168 locomotives was built, of which 123 came into [[British Railways]] ownership at [[nationalisation]] in 1948. This was the last class of steam engine in service in Scotland.

Holmes' predecessor, [[Dugald Drummond]], had designed 32 earlier locomotives (classified by the LNER as '''Class J32''') that were built between 1876 and 1877. The NBR gave these engines the same designation (C class) as the Matthew Holmes engines above. The two types were very similar, and shared the same (then unusual) 18 inch cylinder size. Between 1898 and 1903, Holmes had all 32 of the Drummond locomotives rebuilt to match his own C class design. Thus the locomotives were considered a single class by the NBR, although on passing to LNER ownership they received the separate designations of J36 and J32 respectively.

==Technical information==
As built, they had a saturated ([[Superheater|non-superheated]]) boiler at {{convert|140|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on|disp=or}} ({{convert|150|lbf/in2|MPa|2|abbr=on|disp=or}} for the last 24)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lner.info/locos/J/j36.shtml |encyclopedia=LNER encyclopedia |title=The Holmes J36 (NBR Class C) 0-6-0 Locomotives |last=Marsden |first=Richard }}</ref> and [[Stephenson valve gear]]s with [[slide valve]]s. Between 1913 and 1923, the class was rebuilt with larger boilers set at {{cvt|165|psi|MPa}} and the [[William P. Reid|Reid]] side-window cab.

==Ownership==

===NBR===
====Predecessors====
After the introduction of the [[Dugald Drummond|Drummond]] Class C (LNER Class J32) 18-inch cylinder 0-6-0s for use on the [[Waverley Line]] in 1876, the NBR reverted to the 17-inch design with the Drummond Class D (J34) in 1879 and the Holmes Class D (J33) in 1883.

====Holmes C Class====
With the opening of the second [[Tay Bridge#Second bridge|Tay Rail Bridge]] in July 1887 and the upcoming opening of the [[Forth Bridge]] in March 1890, the NBR needed more powerful goods locos. The result was the Holmes Class C (J36). Introduced in 1888, it was built in regular batches until 1900, eventually totalling 168 locos. 138 were built at the NBR's [[Cowlairs railway works|Cowlairs Works]] while the other 30 were split equally between [[Neilson and Company]] and [[Sharp, Stewart and Company]].

====World War I====
During the [[World War I|First World War]], 25 of the class were sent to [[France]] for service with the [[Railway Operating Division]]. On return to Scotland, they were given names of battles, generals and a [[Old Bill (cartoon character)|cartoon soldier]] in recognition of their service. The names were hand-painted on the splasher above the middle driving wheel so often disappeared during repaints.

===LNER===
On 1 January 1923, all 168 locos came into [[London and North Eastern Railway|LNER]] ownership, becoming Class J36. As with all ex-NBR locos, they had 9000 added to their number. The final eight unrebuilt locos were rebuilt in 1923. In 1937, Nos. 9714 and 9716 (later 5285 and 5287)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nbrstudygroup.co.uk/nbr/locomotives_list.htm |title=NBRSG : NBR locomotives list |access-date=23 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084631/http://www.nbrstudygroup.co.uk/nbr/locomotives_list.htm |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> were rebuilt with shorter chimneys and dome for use on the Gartverrie Branch. In 1946 the remaining locos were renumbered from 5210 to 5346. A number of locos had tender cabs fitted for use with [[Snowplow#Railway snowplows|snowplow]]s.

===BR===
[[File:NBR J36 class 1967.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A sister locomotive to ''Maude'' connected as a stationary boiler, St Margaret's shed, Edinburgh, April 1967]]
At [[nationalisation]] [[Transport Act 1947|in 1948]], 123 locos passed into service of [[British Rail]]ways and had 60000 added to their number. '''65288''' of Dunfermline (62C) and '''65345''' of Thornton (62A) were the last to be withdrawn on 5 June 1967. They were the last steam locomotives in service in Scotland, outlasting the LNER and [[BR standard classes|BR standard]] designs.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marsden |first1=Richard |title=The Holmes J36 (NBR Class C) 0-6-0 Locomotives |url=https://www.lner.info/locos/J/j36.php |website=LNER Encyclopedia |publisher=Winwaed Software Technology LLC |access-date=15 November 2020}}</ref>

==Locomotive names==
{| class = "wikitable sortable" width = 50%
|-
! width = 5% | NBR Number
! width = 8% | LNER 1946 Number
! width = 12% | BR Number
! width = 15% | Name
|-
| 176
| 5217
| 65217
| [[John French, 1st Earl of Ypres|French]]
|-
| 605
|
|
| [[Saint-Quentin, Aisne|St Quentin]]
|-
| 608
|
|
| [[Ferdinand Foch|Foch]]
|-
| 611
| 5268
| 65268
| [[Edmund Allenby|Allenby]]
|-
| 612
| 5269
|
| [[Ypres]]
|-
| 615
|
|
| [[Verdun]]
|-
| 620
|
|
| [[Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baron Rawlinson|Rawlinson]]
|-
| 621
|
|
| [[Charles Carmichael Monro|Monro]]
|-
| 627
|
|
| [[Philippe Pétain|Petain]]
|-
| 628
| 5216
| 65216
| [[Julian Byng|Byng]]
|-
| 631
|
|
| [[Aisne]]
|-
| 643
|
|
| [[Arras]]
|-
| 646
| 5222
| 65222
| [[Battle of the Somme|Somme]]
|-
| 647
| 5223
|
| [[Albert, Somme|Albert]]
|-
| 648
| 5224
| 65224
| [[Battle of Mons|Mons]]
|-
| 650
| 5226
| 65226
| [[Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig|Haig]]
|-
| 657
| 5233
| 65233
| [[Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer|Plumer]]
|-
| 659
| 5235
| 65235
| [[Hugh Gough, 4th Viscount Gough|Gough]]
|-
| 660
| 5236
| 65236
| [[Henry Horne, 1st Baron Horne|Horne]]
|-
| 661
|
|
| [[Old Bill (cartoon character)|Ole Bill]]
|-
| 662
|
|
| [[William Birdwood|Birdwood]]
|-
| 666
|
|
| [[First Battle of the Marne|Marne]]
|-
| [[NBR C Class 673 Maude|673]]
| 5243
| 65243
| [[Frederick Stanley Maude|Maude]]
|-
| 676
|
|
| [[Reims]]
|-
| 682
| 5253
| 65253
| [[Joseph Joffre|Joffre]]
|}

==Preservation==
{{no sources section|date=February 2025}}
[[File:The Bo'ness - Kinneil Railway - geograph.org.uk - 433988.jpg|thumb|65243 on the Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway]]
One, [[NBR C Class 673 Maude|673 ''Maude'']] (LNER number 9673; LNER 1946 number 5243; BR number 65243) has been preserved by the [[Scottish Railway Preservation Society]] at the [[Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway]]. It starred in the [[The Railway Children (2000 film)|2000 remake of The Railway Children]] on the [[Bluebell Railway]] in East Sussex. Last steamed in 2002, it is currently on static display awaiting funds for an overhaul.

==References==
{{reflist}}
*Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1962 edition
*{{cite book |last=Aves |first=William A. T. |year=2009 |title=The Railway Operating Division on the Western Front |location=Donnington |publisher=Shaun Tyas |pages=147, 159 |isbn=978-1-900289-99-3 }}
*{{Casserley-LocoGrouping2|page=56}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Fry |editor-first=E.V. |title=Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., part 5: Tender Engines – Classes J1 to J37 |date=September 1966 |publisher=[[Railway Correspondence and Travel Society|RCTS]] |location=Kenilworth |isbn=0-901115-12-6 }}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|NBR C Class / LNER Class J36}}
* [http://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteamclass.php?item=J36 Class J36 Details] at ''Rail UK''
* [http://www.srpsmuseum.org.uk/10003.htm Scottish Railway Preservation Society page on ''Maude'']
*[http://www.brdatabase.info/locoqry.php?action=class&id=C&type=S&id=601036 NBR/LNER Holmes "J36" Class 0-6-0] at BRDatabase

{{LNER Locomotives}}

[[Category:North British Railway locomotives|C]]
[[Category:0-6-0 locomotives]]
[[Category:C n2 locomotives]]
[[Category:Neilson locomotives]]
[[Category:Sharp Stewart locomotives]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1888]]
[[Category:Railway Operating Division locomotives]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Freight locomotives]]

NBR C Class - Revision history

imported>Machine Man77: /* External links */ Adding categories