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{{Short description|French politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Marcel Cachin
| image = Marcel Cachin b Meurisse 1918.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Cachin in 1918
| imagesize = frameless
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1869|9|20|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Paimpol]], [[Côtes d'Armor]], [[Second French Empire|French Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1958|2|12|1869|9|20|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Choisy-le-Roi]], France
| office = Member of the [[National Assembly (French Fourth Republic)|National Assembly]]<br />for [[Seine (department)|Seine]]'s 2nd constituency
| term_start = 28 November 1946
| term_end = 12 February 1958
| preceded =
| succeeded = Alexis Thomas
| office2 = [[Senate (France)|Senator]] for [[Seine (department)|Seine]]
| term_start2 = 14 January 1936
| term_end2 = 29 February 1940
| office3 = Member of the [[Chamber of Deputies (France)|Chamber of Deputies]]<br />for [[Seine (department)|Seine]]
| term_start3 = 1914
| term_end3 = 1932
| party = [[French Communist Party|PCF]] (from 1921)
| otherparty = [[French Section of the Workers' International|SFIO]] (1914–1921)
| occupation = Publisher, journalist, university lecturer
}}

'''Marcel Cachin''' (20 September 1869 – 12 February 1958) was a French [[French Communist Party|Communist]] politician and editor of the daily newspaper [[L'Humanité|''L'Humanite'']].

==Political career==
In 1891, Cachin joined [[Jules Guesde]]'s [[French Workers' Party]] (POF). In 1905, he joined the new [[French Section of the Workers' International]] (SFIO) and won election to the [[Chamber of Deputies of France|Chamber of Deputies]] representing the [[Seine (department)|Seine]] in [[1914 French legislative election|1914]]. He rallied the [[Union sacrée]] during the First World War and was sent to Russia in a mission in 1917. On that occasion he strongly supported [[Kerensky]]'s [[Russian Provisional Government|Provisional Government]], which was pledged to continue Russia's participation in World War I, and denounced Lenin and the Bolsheviks. In 1918, he was one of the speakers at a patriotic rally held at [[Strasbourg]], to celebrate the city's [[November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine| return to French rule]].

However, following the end of the war, there was a leftward shift among Cachin's grassroots supporters and a growing sympathy for the [[October Revolution]]. In 1920 at the [[Tours Congress]], Cachin became one of the founders of the [[French Communist Party]] (SFIC) and joined the [[Third International]]. In 1923, he was jailed for denouncing the French [[Occupation of the Ruhr]] and [[Morocco]]. As a strong supporter of the pro-Soviet Communist Party, he refused to disavow the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]] and was removed from elected office in 1940. After the [[Liberation of France]], he returned to the [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] until his death in 1958.

He was the editor of the newspaper ''[[L'Humanité]]'' from 1918 to 1958.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/spip.php?article830|title=Marcel Cachin : Memory of the Labour Movement|accessdate=2009-04-23}}</ref>

At the age of 88, he was the first foreigner to receive the [[Order of Lenin]]. In the later part of his life, he was nicknamed "Grandfather of the Communist Party".

His granddaughter, [[Françoise Cachin]], was an art historian.

==Electoral results==

Cachin was the candidate for [[President of France]] of the French Communist Party in four elections:
[[French Presidential elections under the Third Republic|Third Republic]]:
*1931: 1.11% in the first round, 1.23% in the second round
*1932: 0.97% in the first round
*1939: 8.13% in the first round

Fourth Republic:
*[[1953 French presidential election|1953]]: 12.18% in the first round

== Awards ==

* [[File:Order of the brotherhood and unity with golden wreath Rib.png|70x70px]] [[Order of the Brotherhood and Unity]], 1st class (1946)<ref>{{Cite journal |date=4 May 1946 |title=Марсел Кашен одликован Орденом братства и јединства првог реда |url=https://istorijskenovine.unilib.rs/view/index.html#panel:pp|issue:UB_00064_19460504|page:3 |journal=Borba |language=sh-cyr |pages=3}}</ref>

==References==
*{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.senat.fr/sen3Rfic/cachin_marcel1405r3.html Biography on the French Senate website]
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{PM20|FID=pe/002870}}
{{Commons}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cachin, Marcel}}
[[Category:1869 births]]
[[Category:1958 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Paimpol]]
[[Category:French Workers' Party politicians]]
[[Category:Socialist Party of France (1902) politicians]]
[[Category:French Section of the Workers' International politicians]]
[[Category:French Communist Party politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the 11th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic]]
[[Category:Members of the 12th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic]]
[[Category:Members of the 13th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic]]
[[Category:Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic]]
[[Category:French senators of the Third Republic]]
[[Category:Senators of Seine (department)]]
[[Category:Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945)]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1946)]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic]]
[[Category:Members of Parliament for Seine]]
[[Category:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery]]

{{France-politician-PCF-stub}}
[[Category:Breton-speaking people]]

Marcel Cachin - Revision history

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