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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Longnose Hawkfish at Chole Bay - Zanzibar.jpeg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name = iucn>{{cite iucn | author1 = Greenfield, D. | author2 = Williams, I. | name-list-style = amp | year = 2016 | title = ''Oxycirrhites typus'' |errata=2017 | page = e.T67997854A115453267 |doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T67997854A68001711.en | access-date = 18 July 2021}}</ref>
| parent_authority = [[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1857
| taxon = Oxycirrhites typus
| authority = Bleeker, 1857
}}
The '''longnose hawkfish''' ('''''Oxycirrhites typus''''') is a species of marine [[ray-finned fish]], a [[hawkfish]] belonging to the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Cirrhitidae]]. It is found on [[tropical]] [[reef]]s of the [[Indian Ocean]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]], where it can be found at depths around {{convert|10|to|100|m|ft|abbr=on}}. It prefers the steep outer slopes of the reefs amongst [[gorgonians]] and [[black coral]]s. This species can reach {{convert|13|cm|in|abbr=on}} in [[fish measurement|total length]]. It can also be found in the [[aquarium]] trade. It is currently the only known member in its [[genus]].<ref>{{FishBase |genus= Oxycirrhites|species= typus| month = April | year = 2013}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
The longnose hawkfish was first formally [[Species description|described]] in 1857 by the [[Dutch people|Dutch]] [[ichthyologist]] [[Pieter Bleeker]] with the [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given as [[Ambon Island]] in Indonesia.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof genus | genus = Oxycirrhites | access-date = 20 July 2021}}</ref> Bleeker placed it in the [[Monotypy|monotypic]] genus ''Oxycirrhites''.<ref name = CofF2>{{Cof family | family = Cirrhitidae | access-date = 20 July 2021}}</ref> The genus name is a [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] of ''oxy'' meaning “sharp” or "pointed" and ''Cirrhites'', an alternative spelling of the [[type genus]] of the family Cirrhitidae, ''[[Cirrhitus]]''. The specific name ''typus'' denotes that it is the [[type species]] of its genus.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = https://etyfish.org/centrarchiformes/ | title =Order CENTRARCHIFORMES: Families CENTRARCHIDAE, ELASSOMATIDAE, ENOPLOSIDAE, SINIPERCIDAE, APLODACTYLIDAE, CHEILODACTYLIDAE, CHIRONEMIDAE, CIRRHITIDAE, LATRIDAE, PERCICHTHYIDAE, DICHISTIIDAE, GIRELLIDAE, KUHLIIDAE, KYPHOSIDAE, OPLEGNATHIDAE, TERAPONTIDAE, MICROCANTHIDAE and SCORPIDIDAE | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | editor1= Christopher Scharpf | editor2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp |date = 25 February 2021 | access-date = 20 July 2021 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>
[[File:Longnose Hawkfish at the Shedd Aquarium.jpg|thumb|left|Longnose Hawkfish at the Shedd Aquarium]]
==Description==
The longnose hawkfish differs from all the other hawkfish species in its elongated snout, the length of the snout fitting roughly twice into the overall length of the head. The canine teeth in the jaws are of uniform size and are only slightly larger than the inner band of villiform teeth.<ref name = G&R>{{cite journal | last1 =Gaither | first1 = Michelle | last2 = Randall | first2 = John | name-list-style = amp | year = 2012 | title = On the validity of the cirrhitid fish genus Itycirrhitus | journal = Aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology | volume = 18 | pages = 219–226 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232274850}}</ref> The [[dorsal fin]] contains 10 spines and 13 soft rays while the [[anal fin]] has 3 spines and 7 soft rays. This fish reaches a maximum [[total length]] of {{convert|13|cm|in}}.<ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Oxycirrhites|typus|month=June|year=2021}}</ref> There is a tuft of cirri at the tip of each dorsal fin spine.<ref name = AM>{{cite web | url = https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/longnose-hawkfish-oxycirrhites-typus/ | title = Longnose Hawkfish, ''Oxycirrhites typus'' Bleeker, 1857 | access-date = 20 July 2021 | author = Mark McGrouther | date = 30 March 2021 | publisher = Australian Museum}}</ref> The overall colour of the body is whitish overlain with a grid of red horizaontal and vertical lines.<ref name = RLS>{{cite web | url = https://reeflifesurvey.com/species/oxycirrhites-typushttps://reeflifesurvey.com/species/oxycirrhites-typus | title = ''Oxycirrhites typus'' | access-date = 20 July 2021 | publisher = Reef Life Survey}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
The longnose hawkfish has a wide [[Indo-Pacific]] distribution. In the Indian Ocean it is found from the [[Red Sea]], along the coast of east Africa south to northern Mozambique and Madagascar across the Indian Ocean into the Pacific where it reaches as far east as the [[Hawaiian Islands]] and the [[Society Islands]] in [[French Polynesia]] north to Japan and south to Australia.<ref name = iucn/> In Australia it occurs from south west of Barrow Island and at the [[Scott and Seringapatam Reefs|Scott Reef]] in [[Western Australia]], the [[Ashmore Reef]] in the [[Timor Sea]] and from [[Lizard Island]] south to Escape Reef in [[Queensland]], as well as occurring at [[Christmas Island]] and [[Cocos (Keeling) Islands]]. In the eastern Pacific Ocean it is found from the southern tip of Baja California and the central Gulf of California south to Colombia, and at the [[Revillagigedos]], [[Galapagos]], [[Cocos Island|Cocos]] and [[Malpelo Island|Malpelo]].<ref name = STRI>{{cite web | url = https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/sftep/en/thefishes/species/1594 | title = Species: Oxycirrhites typus, Longnose hawkfish | accessdate = 20 July 2021 | work = Shorefishes of the Eastern Pacific online information system | publisher = Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute}}</ref> It occurs at depths between {{cvt|10|and|100|m}}.<ref name = iucn/> It is found on steep outer reef slopes which are exposed to strong currents, living among large [[gorgonian]]s and [[black coral]]s.<ref name = Fishbase/>

==Biology==
The longnose hawkfish preys on small [[benthic]] or [[planktonic]] [[crustacean]]s. It is uncommon to rare in most of its range and it is a [[Territory (animal)|territorial]] species. They are pelagic spawners which form distinct monogamous pairs to breed.<ref name = Fishbase/>

==Utilisation==
The longnose hawkfish is common in the [[fish keeping|aquarium]] trade.<ref name = Saltcorner>{{cite web | url = http://www.saltcorner.com/AquariumLibrary/browsespecies.php?CritterID=1339&filter=0 | title = Longnose Hawkfish | access-date = 20 July 2021 | publisher = Bob Goemans | work = Saltcorner}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Long nose hawk fish, galaxy, wakatobi, 2018 (44900445825).jpg|Longnose hawkfish at [[Wakatobi National Park]] Sulawesi, 2018
File:Long nosed hawk fish 1, bunaken timur 1, siladen, indonesia, 2017 (34983742826).jpg|Longnose hawkfish at Siladen [[Bunaken National Park]] Sulawesi, 2017
File:Oxycirrhites typus 2.JPG|Close up of Longnose hawkfish
File:Oxycirrhites typus 3.JPG|Longnose hawkfish
File:Long-nose Hawkfish.jpg|Longnose hawkfish at [[Galapagos Islands]], Ecuador
File:0104RajaAmpatS - 80 longnose hawkfish and parasite (5556216138).jpg|Longnose hawkfish at [[Raja Ampat]], Indonesia
</gallery>

==See also==
{{commons category|Oxycirrhites typus}}
{{Wikispecies|Oxycirrhites typus}}

{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{sealifephotos|218865}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1798327}}

[[Category:Cirrhitidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Hawaii]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1857]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker]]

Longnose hawkfish - Revision history

imported>Big Blue Cray(fish) Twins: Rem cat to genus redirect page