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{{Short description|Neighborhood of Mexico City, Mexico}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lomas de Chapultepec
| settlement_type = [[List of neighborhoods in Mexico City|Neighborhood of Mexico City]]

| image_skyline = Lomas de Chapultepec.png
| imagesize = 250px
| image_caption = Lomas de Chapultepec facing from Periférico towards Bosques de las Lomas
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| latd =
| longd =
| subdivision_type = City
| subdivision_name = [[Mexico City]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Boroughs of Mexico City|Borough]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Miguel Hidalgo, D.F.|Miguel Hidalgo]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name= "DMH"/>
| population_as_of = 2005
| population_total = 20,440
}}

'''Lomas de Chapultepec''' ({{langx|en|"Chapultepec Hills"}}) is a ''[[Colonia (Mexico)|colonia]]'', or officially recognized neighborhood, located in the [[Miguel Hidalgo, D.F.|Miguel Hidalgo borough]] of [[Mexico City]]. It dates back to the 1920s, when it was founded with the name Chapultepec Heights.<ref>{{cite web|first=Ángeles|last=González Gamio|title=Compre en Chapultepec Heights y el bosque será su jardín|url=https://www.jornada.com.mx/2024/05/26/opinion/026a1cap|website=La Jornada|date=26 May 2024|access-date=10 June 2024|language=es}}</ref> Its main entrance is through [[Paseo de la Reforma]].

Lomas de Chapultepec continues to be a predominantly residential zone characterized by [[single-family detached homes|single-family homes]], however there are [[commercial property|commercial properties]] and [[Multifamily residential|high-rise developments]] at the neighborhood periphery. Home to some of the biggest mansions in the city and many [[high-net-worth individual]]s, the ''colonia'' has gained a reputation of affluence.

==History==
[[File:002597-002 ALUMBRADO EN LAS LOMAS DE CHAPULTEPEC REFORMA JUNIO 24 1929 (39023208610).jpg|thumb|Paseo de la Reforma in Lomas de Chapultepec, 24 June 1929.]]
In the early 1920s, Mexico City suffered a housing shortage as a result of internal migrants fleeing from uncertainty in the provinces caused by the [[Mexican Revolution]].<ref name="UNAM">{{cite web |url=http://www.economia.unam.mx/amhe/memoria/mesat4/Maria%20del%20Carmen%20COLLADO.pdf |title=Intereses citadinos y negocios inmobiliarios en la ciudad de México durante la década de 1920 |publisher=UNAM |access-date=November 11, 2014}}</ref> To meet demand, the [[Ayuntamiento]]s of the [[Distrito Federal (Mexico)|Distrito Federal]] passed various city ordinances in order to make it easier for private investors to develop urban subdivisions.<ref name="UNAM"/> Also beneficial was Article 27 of the [[Constitution of Mexico|1917 Constitution]], which was used to promote [[Land reform in Mexico|agrarian land reform]] and indirectly encouraged the construction and emergence of new urban developments when it prompted the change of [[land-use]] of the properties surrounding the capital.<ref name="UNAM"/> A total of 26 to 32 colonias were built as a direct result, one of which was Lomas de Chapultepec.<ref name="UNAM"/>

On September 28, 1921, the corporation, Chapultepec Heights Company, was formed with the objective of developing the land acquired from the ''Hacienda de los Morales'' (also known as ''Rancho del Huizachal de Alberto Cuevas Lascuráin'').<ref name="UNAM"/> The company was founded by five investors (two [[American Mexicans|Americans]], two Mexicans and one [[British Mexicans|Briton]]) who were able to buy the 687 hectares of the ex-[[Hacienda]] for about one cent per square meter.<ref name="UNAM"/>

In 1922, Chapultepec Heights was planned by [[José Luis Cuevas Pietrasanta]] in the "[[Garden city movement|Garden City]]" fashion.<ref name="Brantz">{{cite book |author=Dorothee Brantz |author2=Sonja Dümpelmann |title=Greening the City: Urban Landscapes in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JFvbX6qeqykC&q=José+Luis+Cuevas+Chapultepec+Heights |date=1 July 2011 |publisher=University of Virginia Press |isbn=978-0-8139-3138-8 |page=41}}</ref> With large lots, large gardened yards, wide winding streets, gardened boulevards and scattered small shopping areas within walking distances from homes. The early settlers attracted to the area were young professionals and some of the nouveau riche revolutionaries, bureaucrats and the new business class of Mexico City. Smaller homes were built on the side streets while mostly large houses were built on Paseo de la Reforma and [[Paseo de Las Palmas]], the two main avenues.

The name was changed to Lomas de Chapultepec from Chapultepec Heights in 1924 since foreign words were not allowed in the [[rotulo|rótulos]] used to advertise the new development.<ref name="Huerta">{{cite web |last1=Huerta |first1=Josué |title=Lomas de Chapultepec, 100 años de la colonia de la clase alta mexicana |url=https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/lomas-de-chapultepec-a-100-anos-de-la-fundacion-de-la-colonia-de-la-clase-alta-mexicana.html |website=México Desconocido |access-date=1 June 2024 |language=es |date=8 August 2019}}</ref>

[[File:Villa in Lomas de Chapultepec.jpg|225px|thumbnail|left|[[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes|INBA]]-catalogued property built in the ''Colonial Californiano'' style. This mansion was on the market for an asking price of 75.88 million [[Mexican pesos]], or about US$6 million.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/30/greathomesanddestinations/30iht-remex30.html?_r=0 |title=Mansion of Historic Value for Sale |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=November 22, 2014 |last1=Gill |first1=Nicholas }}</ref>]]
Most of the early houses were built in the "[[Spanish Colonial Revival Style|Colonial Californiano]]" style, with stone carvings around windows and doors and pitched roofs. Many of these early homes are catalogued and protected by the [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]] as they have been deemed a cultural patrimony. Later on, [[Modern Architecture|Modern]] houses designed by notable architects such as [[Luis Barragán]], [[Juan Sordo Madaleno|Juan Sordo]], [[Ricardo Legorreta]] and [[Enrique Norten]] were built. Many of the houses built during the era known as the [[Mexican Miracle]] are still standing, and constitute the largest mansions in the western area of the city.

The colonia grew in size, being mostly inhabited by the upper class and by wealthy immigrants that arrived in Mexico in the early 20th century.

Today, Lomas de Chapultepec is inhabited by Mexican and foreign business professionals, celebrities, politicians and other wealthy individuals. In recent years commercial and business areas have developed on the edges of the neighborhood and there are also various [[embassies]] located in the area. Sales in the northwestern part of Mexico City, which includes luxury areas like Lomas de Chapultepec, generally average US$1 million per house.<ref name= "NYT"/>

===Use of "Lomas" in subsequent developments===
Starting in the early 1950s, capitalizing on Lomas de Chapultepec's success and the glamour of its name, other developers opened subdivisions further out into adjacent [[Estado de Mexico]] with names including the [[brand awareness|branding word]] "Lomas" (Spanish for hills). Some of the neighborhoods that stemmed from these expansions are [[Lomas de Tecamachalco]], Lomas de la Herradura, Lomas de las Palmas, Lomas Anahuac, Lomas Altas, Lomas de Bezares, Lomas de Santa Fe, Lomas de Vistahermosa and [[Interlomas]].

Today, the area encompassing Lomas de Chapultepec and neighboring developments is sometimes incorrectly referred to as simply ''Las Lomas'', though locals specify which neighborhood they live in, be it Tecamachalco, Herradura, etc.

==Geography==
Lomas de Chapultepec is located in the northwestern hills of the [[Anahuac Valley]], which is mostly contiguous with Mexico City, and was mostly created following the contour of the terrain, leaving the natural drainage as open space. The developed area was planted with a large number and variety of trees, and is now one of the most wooded areas in the city.

The colonia's borders are:<ref name=mapa>{{citation |publisher=Delegación Miguel Hidalgo |title=Mapa Colonias |url=http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/?page_id=995 |access-date=2013-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012054028/http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/?page_id=995 |archive-date=2013-10-12 }}</ref>
* On the northwest and north, the [[Tecamachalco, State of Mexico|Tecamachalco]] area of [[Cuajimalpa]] borough (colonias [[Lomas de Tecamachalco]], San Miguel Tecamachalco, etc.) and colonia Reforma Social
* On the northeast, the [[Anillo Periférico]] ring road and [[Polanco]] district
* On the east, colonia Molino del Rey and the [[Bosque de Chapultepec]]
* On the south, the 2nd and 3rd sections of the [[Bosque de Chapultepec]]; colonias Lomas Altas and Lomas de Reforma
* On the west, colonia [[Bosques de las Lomas]]

==Demographics==
Lomas de Chapultepec is divided into eight sections, in 2005 their population was as follows: Section I had 1,855 individuals, Section II had 1,528, Section III had 3,302, Section IV had 3,161, Section V had 2,379, Section VI had 2,069, Section VII had 707, and Section VIII had 5,439.<ref name="DMH">{{cite web |url=http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/delegacion-mh/estadisticas/ |title=Desarrollo Social por Colonia |publisher=Delegacion Miguel Hidalgo |access-date=November 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120154845/http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/delegacion-mh/estadisticas/ |archive-date=November 20, 2014 }}</ref> Combining for a population of 20,440 inhabitants in the colonia.

===Jewish community===
{{main|History of the Jews in Mexico}}
The initial Jewish community centered around [[Condesa]], [[Colonia Roma|Roma]] and the [[Historic center of Mexico City|historic center]].
In the 1950s-1970s, Mexico City's Jews tended to move the hills of Mexico City’s leafy, affluent northwest: [[Polanco]], Lomas de Chapultepec, [[Interlomas]], [[Bosques de las Lomas]], and [[Tecamachalco, State of Mexico|Tecamachalco]].<ref>{{citation |url=http://diariojudio.com/opinion/the-many-faces-of-jewish-mexico/6217/|title=The many faces of Jewish Mexico |date=September 13, 2010 |author=Vivienne Stanton}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[Interjet]] had its headquarters in Lomas de Chapultepec,<ref>"{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20101026152753/http://interjet.com.mx/privacidad.aspx privacy]}}." [[Interjet]]. Retrieved on November 4, 2010. "If you do not want your information to be shared with any third party or not to receive any information or required to clarify or modify the information provided, you have the right to send your written instructions/request to ABC Aerolíneas, SA de CV, residing at Prado Sur 230, First Floor, Colonia Lomas de Chapultepec, CP 11000, Mexico City, D.F. or via the email address or phone number provided on this page for user contact."</ref> as does [[Google]] Mexico.<ref>"[https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/locations/ Google locations]." [[Google]]. Retrieved on May 25, 2016. "Google Mexico Paseo de la Reforma #115, Piso 22 Col. Lomas de Chapultepec México D.F. 11000, México"</ref>

==Notable residents==
* [[Cantinflas]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.excelsior.com.mx/2011/08/08/funcion/759267 |title=Hogar, dulce hogar de Cantinflas |date=8 August 2011 |publisher=Excelsior |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> – comedic actor of the [[Golden Age of Mexican cinema]]
* [[José Luis Cuevas (architect)|José Luis Cuevas]]<ref name="Huerta" /> – architect and planner of Lomas de Chapultepec
* [[Xóchitl Gálvez]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Xóchitl Gálvez: esta es su 'receta' con la que logró vivir en Las Lomas |url=https://www.radioformula.com.mx/nacional/2023/7/17/xochitl-galvez-esta-es-su-receta-con-la-que-logro-vivir-en-las-lomas-771857.html |website=Radio Fórmula |access-date=1 June 2024 |language=es-MX |date=17 July 2023}}</ref> – tech entrepreneur and politician
* [[Martín Luis Guzmán]]<ref name="Huerta" /> – novelist and owner of ''El Mundo'' newspaper
* [[Antonio Rivas Mercado]]<ref name="Huerta" /> – architect best known for the [[Angel of Independence|Monumento a la Independencia]]
* [[Angélica Rivera]]<ref name="Economista">{{cite web|url=http://eleconomista.mx/sociedad/2014/11/10/angelica-rivera-compra-casa-lomas-confirma-presidencia?cx_Unoticias=Nota01 |title=Angélica Rivera compra casa de Lomas, confirma Presidencia |publisher=El Economista |access-date=November 10, 2014}}</ref> – actress and former [[First Lady of Mexico]]
* [[Carlos Slim]]<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/mother-tongue/8333399/Carlos-Slim-Love-family-and-the-power-of-beautiful-things.html |title=Carlos Slim: Love, family and the power of beautiful things |date=20 February 2011 |publisher=The Telegraph |access-date=November 10, 2014}}</ref> – telecommunications mogul and former [[world's richest person]]
* [[Zhenli Ye Gon]]<ref name="Excelsior">{{cite web|url=http://excelsior.com.mx/2012/03/29/comunidad/822607 |title=Vecinos de Lomas protestan frente a casa de Zhenli Ye Gon |date=29 March 2012 |publisher=Excelsior |access-date=November 10, 2014}}</ref> – pharmaceuticals CEO accused of drug trafficking

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City}}
{{Mexico City neighborhoods}}
{{Portal bar|Mexico}}

{{coord|19|25|14|N|99|13|08|W|region:MX-DIF_type:city_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lomas De Chapultepec}}
[[Category:Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods in Mexico City]]
[[Category:Jewish communities in Mexico]]
[[Category:Edge cities in Mexico]]

Lomas de Chapultepec - Revision history

imported>GhostInTheMachine: fix short description template