206.223.172.222 at 06:34, 5 June 2023

2023-06-05T06:34:06Z

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'''The Linz Program of 1882''' was a political platform that called for the complete [[German nationalism in Austria|Germanization of the Austrian state]]. It was created in response to the rising social, economic and political position of the Slavic peoples within the [[Austro-Hungarian]] Dual Monarchy. The framers of the program were fearful that the Slavs were overrunning the German element of the monarchy.

== The Framers ==
The Linz Program was created by five Austrian intellectuals of German descent:
*'''[[Victor Adler]]''', a Jewish physician, socialist and founder of the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Social Democratic Party in Austria]]. First associated with the liberal [[German nationalism in Austria|German nationalist movement]], he later became an activist for the Austrian working class;
*'''[[Georg_Ritter_von_Sch%C3%B6nerer|Georg von Schönerer]]''', a politician who began as a liberal [[German nationalism in Austria|German nationalist]] only to later in life become a leading anti-Semite and supporter of an extreme Pan-German agenda
*'''[[Robert Pattai]]''', a lawyer;
*'''[[Heinrich Friedjung]]''', a Jewish historian;
*'''[[Engelbert Pernerstorfer]]''', a writer and later [[Socialist]] activist.

== The Manifesto ==
The goal of the framers was to create a German-dominated Austrian state. They proposed ceding the regions of [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]], [[Bukovina]] and [[Dalmatia]] to [[Hungary]] or giving the regions complete autonomy, and they wanted Austria's ties to Hungary to be only of a personal nature, with no administrative or legislative consequences. Additionally, German was to become the official language of Austria, and a proposed [[Customs union]], which would be added to the monarchy's constitution, would provide strengthened ties to the [[German Empire|German Reich]].

Rather than being a blueprint for a political movement, the proposal was more rhetorical{{Fact|date=January 2008}}. The emotional inclinations of the framers are well represented in the following excerpt from their manifesto:
<blockquote>
"We protest against all attempts to convert Austria into a Slavic state. We shall continue to agitate for the maintenance of German as the official language and to oppose the extension of federalism ... [W]e are steadfast supporters of the alliance with Germany and the foreign policy now being followed by the empire" (Roman, 512).
</blockquote>

Ultimately, Adler and the others wanted Austria to exist separate from the [[Habsburg]] Monarchy, which controlled much of central Europe at the time; instead, they wanted to tie themselves as close as possible to Germany.

== After 1882 ==
Following its creation, the Linz Program never gained much support in any influential political circles. Additionally, the framers eventually distanced themselves from the program. This was due in large part to Schönerer's venomous anti-Semitic inclinations, which became associated with the program over time, especially after 1885 when he had an [[Aryan paragraph]] added to it.

== Sources ==
*{{cite book
|last=Roman
|first=Eric
|title=Austria-Hungary and the Successor States: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present
|url=https://archive.org/details/austriahungarysu0000roma
|url-access=registration
|location=New York
|publisher=Facts on File, Inc.
|date=2003
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/austriahungarysu0000roma/page/385 385], 512, 551
}}
*{{cite book
|last=Brook-Sheperd
|first=Gordon
|title=The Austrians: A Thousand-Year Odyssey
|location=New York
|publisher=Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc.
|date=1996
|pages=95–96
}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Politics of Austria]]
[[Category:1882 in Austria]]
[[Category:Political manifestos]]
[[Category:1882 in politics]]
[[Category:1882 in Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:German nationalism in Austria]]
[[Category:1882 documents]]
[[Category:Anti-Slavic sentiment]]
[[Category:Germanization]]

Linz Program of 1882 - Revision history

206.223.172.222 at 06:34, 5 June 2023