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{{Short description|Family of fishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Labrisomid
| image = Malacoctenus boehlkei - pone.0010676.g147.png
| image_caption = ''[[Malacoctenus boehlkei]]''
| taxon = Labrisomidae
| authority = [[Clark Hubbs|C. Hubbs]], 1952
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = See text.
| range_map = Annals of the South African Museum - Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum (1969) (17792406774).jpg
| range_map_caption = range map
}}

'''Labrisomids''' are small [[Blennioidei|blennioids]] (blennies), [[Percomorpha|percomorph]] marine [[fish]] belonging to the family '''Labrisomidae'''. Found mostly in the tropical [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] and [[Pacific Ocean]], the family contains about 110 species in 15 genera.<ref name = FishBase/>

Stockier than the average blenny, labrisomids are [[Ichthyology terms#E|elongated]] nonetheless; their dorsal fin [[Ichthyology terms#S|spines]] outnumber soft [[Ichthyology terms#R|rays]] (which may be absent altogether), and their [[pelvic fin]]s are long and slender. Like many other blennies, labrisomids have whisker-like structures called [[Ichthyology terms#C|cirri]] on their heads and [[Ichthyology terms#N|napes]]. Scales may be [[Ichthyology terms#C|cycloid]] or absent in labrisomids; many species are brightly coloured. ''Labrisomus philippii'' is the largest species at 35 cm in length; most are far smaller.<ref name = FishBase/>

Generally staying within shallow coastal regions to depths around 10 m, labrisomids are [[benthic]] fish spending most of their time on or near the bottom. Both sandy and rocky substrates are frequented, sometimes at [[reef]]s or amongst beds of [[seagrass]]. Labrisomids are shy fish and will retreat into crevices if threatened. [[Crustacean]]s, [[gastropod]]s, [[brittle star]]s, and [[sea urchin]]s make up much of the labrisomid diet.<ref name = FishBase/>

Two genera of labrisomid are noted for their [[ovoviviparity]]; ''[[Xenomedea]]'' and ''[[Starksia]]'' both retain eggs within their [[oviduct]]s, where they develop in safety. However, only ''Starksia'' species possess [[Ichthyology terms#G|gonopodia]] (modified anal fins used as a copulatory organ).<ref name = Gilbert>{{cite journal | author = Carter R. Gilbert | year = 1970 | title = Two New Atlantic Clinid Fishes of the Genus ''Starksia'' | journal = Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences | volume = 33 | issue = 3 | pages = 193–206| jstor = 24315093 }}</ref>

Some workers have found that the Labrisomidae is [[paraphyly|paraphyletic]].<ref>{{cite thesis | author = Hsiu-Chin Lin | year = 2009 | title = Evolution of the suborder Blennioidei : phylogeny and phylogeography of a shallow water fish clade | publisher = UC San Diego | url =https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82c1r9xr}}</ref>

==Genera==
The following genera are currently included in this family:<ref name = FishBase>{{FishBase family | family = Labrisomidae| month = October | year = 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cof family |family=Labrisomidae|access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref>
* ''[[Alloclinus]]'' [[Carl Leavitt Hubbs|C.L. Hubbs]], 1927
* ''[[Auchenionchus]]'' [[Theodore Nicholas Gill|Gill]], 1860
* ''[[Brockius]]'' [[Clark L. Hubbs]], 1953
* ''[[Calliclinus]]'' Gill, 1860
* ''[[Cottoclinus]]'' [[John E. McCosker|McCosker]], [[John S.Stephens Jr|Stephens]] & [[Richard Heinrich Rosenblatt|Rosenblatt]], 2003
* ''[[Cryptotrema]]'' [[Charles Henry Gilbert|Gilbert]], 1890
* ''[[Dialommus]]'' Gilbert, 1891
* ''[[Exerpes]]'' [[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1896
* ''[[Gobioclinus]]'' Gill, 1860
* ''[[Haptoclinus]]'' [[James Erwin Böhlke|Böhlke]] & [[D. Ross Robertson|Robertson]], 1974
* ''[[Labrisomus]]'' [[William Swainson|Swainson]], 1839
* ''[[Malacoctenus]]'' Gill, 1860
* ''[[Nemaclinus]]'' Böhlke & [[Victor G. Springer|Springer]], 1975
* ''[[Paraclinus]]'' [[François Mocquard|Mocquard]], 1888
* ''[[Starksia]]'' Jordan & Evermann, 1896
* ''[[Xenomedea]]'' Rosenblatt & [[Leighton R. Yatlor Jr|Taylor]], 1971

===Timeline===

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bar:periodtop
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:[[Paleocene]]
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:[[Eocene]]
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:[[Oligocene]]
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:[[Miocene]]
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:[[Plio.]]
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:[[Pleist.]]
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:[[Holocene|H.]]

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from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:[[Paleogene]]
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from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:[[Oligocene]]
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:[[Miocene]]
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:[[Plio.]]
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from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:[[Holocene|H.]]

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from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:[[Neogene]]
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:[[Quaternary|Q.]]

</timeline>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q183463}}

[[Category:Blenniiformes]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Clark Hubbs]]

Labrisomid - Revision history

imported>Aa77zz: remove John in Swainson