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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kamień Śląski
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =  
| image_skyline = Kamień_Śląski_pałac.jpg
| image_caption = Palace
| image_flag =
| image_shield =
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Opole Voivodeship|Opole]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Krapkowice County|Krapkowice]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Gogolin|Gogolin]]
| coordinates = {{coord|50|33|N|18|5|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_date = 12th century
| pushpin_label_position = right
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1500
| registration_plate = OKR
| website = http://www.kamienslaski.pl
}}
'''Kamień Śląski''' ({{IPA|pl|ˈkamjɛj̃ ˈɕlɔ̃skʲi}}) is a [[village]] in the administrative district of [[Gmina Gogolin]], within [[Krapkowice County]], [[Opole Voivodeship]], in south-western Poland.{{TERYT}} It lies approximately {{convert|9|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-east of [[Gogolin]], {{convert|13|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-east of [[Krapkowice]], and {{convert|17|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-east of the regional capital [[Opole]].

The main landmarks of are the local [[Kamień Śląski Palace|Kamień Śląski palace]], which houses a [[sanctuary]] dedicated to [[Saint]] [[Hyacinth of Poland]], who was born in the village, and the Saint Hyacinth church.

==History==
[[File:Kościół Świętego Jacka w Kamieniu Śląskim.jpg|thumb|left|Saint Hyacinth church]]
The oldest known mention of the village comes from the early-12th-century ''[[Gesta principum Polonorum]]'', the oldest Polish chronicle.<ref name=gwo>{{cite web|url=https://www.gwo24.pl/kamien-slaski/|title=Kamień Śląski historia miejscowości|website=GWO24.pl|accessdate=22 May 2021|language=pl}}</ref> It was mentioned as a seat of Polish ruler [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]], both under the [[Latin]]ized Polish name ''Kamencz'' and under the translated Latin name ''Lapis''.<ref name=gwo/> The name is of Polish origin and means "stone". It was part of [[Piast dynasty|Piast]]-ruled [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)|Poland]], and was owned by the [[Odrowąż family]].<ref name=gwo/> Later on, it was also part of [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] and [[German Empire|Germany]].

After the restoration of independent Poland after [[World War I]] in 1918, the local [[Polish people|Polish]] majority made efforts to reintegrate the village with Poland. In the local elections in 1919, Poles won 11 out of 12 seats.<ref name=osp>{{cite web|url=http://opolskiszlakpowstan.pl/kamien-slaski/|title=Kamień Śląski|website=Opolski Szlak Powstań|accessdate=22 May 2021|language=pl}}</ref> During the [[Silesian Uprisings|Second Silesian Uprising]], the village was easily captured by the Poles.<ref name=osp/> Despite the [[Upper Silesia plebiscite]] of 1921, in which 55,3% voted in favour of rejoining Poland, the village was assigned to [[Weimar Republic|Germany]], and soon afterwards it was the place of bloody fights during the Third Silesian Uprising.<ref name=osp/> A German unit committed a crime and murdered five Polish civilians.<ref name=osp/> In May 1921 the village passed between the fighting sides several times, before it was eventually seized by the Germans, while Polish insurgents retained control of the local railway station.<ref name=osp/> Fights ended on May 31, 1921, when [[France|French]] troops entered the village and established a neutral zone.<ref name=osp/> In the final stages of [[World War II]], in January 1945, [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] troops entered the village and plundered the St. Hyacinth chapel, and afterwards the village was restored to Poland.<ref name=gwo/>

In 2012, the St. Hyacinth church in Kamień Śląski received church bells from the closed and demolished former Polish and [[Redemptorists|Redemptorist]] monastery in [[Bochum]], Germany.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nto.pl/dzwony-z-bochum-bija-w-kamieniu-slaskim-wideo/ar/4514201|title=Dzwony z Bochum biją w Kamieniu Śląskim|website=Nowa Trybuna Opolska|accessdate=22 May 2021|language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lwl.org/fremde-impulse-download/start/LWL/Kultur/fremde-impulse/die_impulse/Impuls-Polen-um-1900/Redemptoristenkloster-Bochum.html|title=Polnische Seelsorger im Ruhrgebiet|accessdate=22 May 2021|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.derwesten.de/staedte/bochum/der-kirchturm-faellt-naechste-woche-id6917281.html|title=Der Kirchturm fällt nächste Woche|website=Der Westen|author=Sabine Vogt|accessdate=22 May 2021|language=de|archive-date=22 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522131308/https://www.derwesten.de/staedte/bochum/der-kirchturm-faellt-naechste-woche-id6917281.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Notable residents==
* [[Ceslaus|Ceslaus Odrowąż]] (ca. 1180–ca. 1242), Polish Dominican priest, [[Beatification|Blessed]] of the [[Catholic Church]]<ref name=gwo/>
* [[Hyacinth of Poland]] (ca. 1183–1257), Polish Dominican priest and missionary, founder of the first Dominican monastery in Poland (in [[Kraków]]), [[Saint]] of the Catholic Church<ref name=gwo/>
* [[Bronislava of Poland]] (c. 1203–1259), Polish nun of the [[Premonstratensian]] Order, Blessed of the Catholic Church<ref name=gwo/>
* [[Hyazinth Graf Strachwitz von Gross-Zauche und Camminetz|Hyazinth Graf Strachwitz]] (1893–1968), general

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Gmina Gogolin}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Krapkowice County]]

Kamień Śląski - Revision history

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