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{{Short description|Penumbral lunar eclipse July 27, 1980}}
{{Infobox lunar eclipse
| type = penumbral
| image = Lunar eclipse chart close-1980Jul27.png
| caption = The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
| date = July 27, 1980
| gamma = 1.4139
| magnitude = −0.7263
| saros_ser = 109
| saros_no = 71 of 73
| penumbral = 137 minutes, 33 seconds
| p1 = 17:59:29
| greatest = 19:08:08
| p4 = 20:17:02
| previous = March 1980
| next = August 1980
}}
A penumbral [[lunar eclipse]] occurred at the Moon’s [[Lunar node|descending node]] of orbit on Sunday, July 27, 1980,<ref>{{cite web|title=July 27–28, 1980 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/1980-july-27|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> with an umbral [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of −0.7263. A lunar eclipse occurs when the [[Moon]] moves into the [[Earth's shadow]], causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a [[solar eclipse]], which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the [[night]] side of Earth. Occurring about 3.2 days before [[Apsis|perigee]] (on July 30, 1980, at 23:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1980&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

== Visibility ==
The eclipse was completely visible over [[central Africa|central]] and [[east Africa]], [[eastern Europe]], much of [[Asia]], [[Australia]], and [[Antarctica]], seen rising over [[western Europe]] and [[west Africa]] and setting over [[northeast Asia]] and the western [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 1980 Jul 27|url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEplot/LEplot1951/LE1980Jul27N.pdf|publisher=NASA|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable
|[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon-1980Jul27.png|300px]] [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1980Jul27.png|300px]]
|}

== Eclipse details ==
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 1980 Jul 27|url=https://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/1901-2000/LE1980Jul27Nprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+July 27, 1980 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
! Parameter
! Value
|-
| Penumbral Magnitude
| 0.25354
|-
| Umbral Magnitude
| −0.72634
|-
| Gamma
| 1.41391
|-
| Sun Right Ascension
| 08h28m52.6s
|-
| Sun Declination
| +19°02'51.8"
|-
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 15'45.1"
|-
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.7"
|-
| Moon Right Ascension
| 20h28m01.0s
|-
| Moon Declination
| -17°40'21.2"
|-
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 16'04.5"
|-
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 0°58'59.8"
|-
| ΔT
| 51.0 s
|}
{{clear}}

== Eclipse season ==
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]]. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one [[month#Synodic month|synodic month]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of July–August 1980
! July 27 Descending node (full moon) !! [[Solar eclipse of August 10, 1980|August 10]] Ascending node (new moon) !! [[August 1980 lunar eclipse|August 26]] Descending node (full moon) 
|-
| [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1980Jul27.png|200px]] || [[File:SE1980Aug10A.png|200px]] || [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1980Aug26.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Penumbral lunar eclipse]] Lunar Saros 109 || [[Total eclipse#Types|Annular solar eclipse]] Solar Saros 135 || [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Penumbral lunar eclipse]] Lunar Saros 147
|}

== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 1980 ===
* [[Solar eclipse of February 16, 1980|A total solar eclipse on February 16]].
* [[March 1980 lunar eclipse|A penumbral lunar eclipse on March 1]].
* '''A penumbral lunar eclipse on July 27.'''
* [[Solar eclipse of August 10, 1980|An annular solar eclipse on August 10]].
* [[August 1980 lunar eclipse|A penumbral lunar eclipse on August 26]].

=== Metonic ===
* Followed by: [[May 1984 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of May 15, 1984]]

=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[June 1973 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of June 15, 1973]]

=== Half-Saros ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971]]

=== Tritos ===
* Preceded by: [[August 1969 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of August 27, 1969]]
* Followed by: [[June 1991 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of June 27, 1991]]

=== Lunar Saros 109 ===
* Preceded by: [[July 1962 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 17, 1962]]
* Followed by: [[August 1998 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of August 8, 1998]]

=== Inex ===
* Preceded by: [[August 1951 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of August 17, 1951]]
* Followed by: [[July 2009 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 7, 2009]]

=== Triad ===
* Preceded by: [[September 1893 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of September 25, 1893]]
* Followed by: [[May 2067 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of May 28, 2067]]

=== Lunar eclipses of 1980–1984 ===
{{Lunar eclipse set 1980-1984}}

=== Saros 109 ===
{{Lunar Saros series 109}}

=== Tritos series ===
{{Lunar Tritos series May 2002}}

=== Inex series ===
{{Lunar Inex series July 2009}}

=== Half-Saros cycle ===
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a [[Saros (astronomy)#Relationship between lunar and solar saros .28sar.29|half saros]]).<ref>Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, ''The half-saros''</ref> This lunar eclipse is related to one partial solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 116]].
{| class=wikitable
![[Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971|July 22, 1971]]
|-
|[[File:SE1971Jul22P.png|240px]]
|}

== See also ==
*[[List of lunar eclipses]]
*[[List of 20th-century lunar eclipses]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{LEplot1951 link|1980|Jul|27|N}}

{{Lunar eclipses}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lunar eclipse 1980-07}}
[[Category:20th-century lunar eclipses|1980-07]]
[[Category:1980 in science]]
[[Category:July 1980]]

July 1980 lunar eclipse - Revision history

imported>BunnysBot: Fix CW Errors with GenFixes (T1), removed stub tag