imported>ComplexRational: Removing link(s) Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of important publications in geology (3rd nomination) closed as delete (XFDcloser)

2024-09-01T22:35:19Z

Removing link(s) Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of important publications in geology (3rd nomination) closed as delete (XFDcloser)

New page

{{Short description|German geophysicist and statistician}}
'''Julius Bartels''' (17 August 1899, [[Magdeburg]] – 6 March 1964) was a German [[geophysicist]] and [[statistician]] who made notable contributions to the [[solar physics|physics of the]] [[Sun]] and [[Moon]]; to [[geomagnetism]] and [[meteorology]]; and to the physics of the [[ionosphere]]. He also made fundamental contributions to statistical methods for geophysics. Bartels was the first President of the [[International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy]] (IAGA). With [[Sydney Chapman (astronomer)|Sydney Chapman]], he wrote the influential book ''Geomagnetism''.

==Life and career==
Bartels was awarded his [[Ph.D.]] from [[Georg August University of Göttingen|Göttingen]] in 1923, then worked at the [[Potsdam]] magnetic observatory as a post-doctorate. In 1928, he was named [[professor]] at [[Eberswalde]], teaching [[meteorology]]. He became full professor at [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin University]] in 1936, and director of the Potsdam Geophysical Institute. From 1931 until the second year of [[World War II]], he was also a research associate at the [[Carnegie Institution of Washington]]. He collaborated with [[Sydney Chapman (astronomer)|Sydney Chapman]] to publish the two-volume work ''Geomagnetism'', a definitive reference on geophysics.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/awards-and-medals/award/portrait-julius-bartels.html |title=Awards & Medals: Julius Bartels |author=European Geosciences Union |author-link=European Geosciences Union |accessdate=30 September 2011 }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In 1933, Bartels signed the ''[[Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State]]''.

Following the war in 1946, he became professor in Göttingen. He was also a director at the [[Max Planck Society|Max Planck Institute]] for Physics of the [[Stratosphere]] (today [[Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research]]) between 1955 and 1964. When, in 1958 [[International Council for Science]], created the [[Committee on Space Research]] (''COSPAR''), Bartels became chairman of the West-German branch. From 1954 until 1957, he served as first President of the IAGA. Between 1960 and 1963, he was vice-president of the [[International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics]].<ref>A memorial note was published in Meteorologische Rundschau 1964 by Wilfried Schröder.</ref>

==Research==

Among his contributions was the development of the [[K-index|Kp-index]], and he suggested the existence of "M-regions" on the [[Sun]] that resulted in geomagnetic activity. These [[coronal holes]] were later confirmed by the [[Skylab]] mission. Finally he also helped initiate the [[International Geophysical Year]], which took place in 1957/8.

The [[Bartels' Rotation Number]] of the Sun based on a regular 27-day cycle is named after him.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bartels |first1=J. |year=1934 |title=Twenty-Seven Day Recurrences in Terrestrial-Magnetic and Solar Activity, 1923 1933 |journal=[[Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity]] |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=201–202a |doi=10.1029/TE039i003p00201 |bibcode = 1934TeMAE..39..201B }}</ref> It is similar to the [[Carrington rotation]] which is based on 27.2753 days.

==Awards and honors==
* Posthumously awarded the [[William Bowie Medal]] of the [[American Geophysical Union]].
* The ''Julius Bartels Medal'', of the [[European Geosciences Union]] Division on Solar-Terrestrial Sciences, was named in his honor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/awards-and-medals/award/julius-bartels.html |title=Awards & Honors: Julius Bartels Medal |author=European Geosciences Union |author-link=European Geosciences Union |accessdate=30 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917073135/http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/awards-and-medals/award/julius-bartels.html |archivedate=2011-09-17 }}</ref>
* The crater [[Bartels (crater)|Bartels]] on the [[Moon]] is named after him.
*[[The Chree Medal and Prize]] in 1953

== See also ==
*[[List of geophysicists]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite journal |first1=Wilfried |last1= Schröder |title=Sydney Chapman and his connections with some German geophysicists |journal= Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica |year=2010 |volume=44 |number=2 |pages=245–254 |doi=10.1556/AGeod.44.2009.2.10|s2cid= 130194979 }}
*{{cite book |first1=Sydney |last1=Chapman |author1-link=Sydney Chapman (mathematician) |first2=Julius |last2=Bartels |title= Geomagnetism Volume 1: Geomagnetic and Related Phenomena |year=1940 |asin=B002K07MAO |oclc=499431969 |volume=6 |series = The International Series of Monographs on Physics |url=https://archive.org/details/GeomagnetismVol1}}
*{{cite book |first1=Sydney |last1=Chapman |author1-link=Sydney Chapman (mathematician) |first2=Julius |last2=Bartels |title= Geomagnetism Volume 2: Analysis of the Data and Physical Theories |year=1940 |asin=B0020TCMR8 |oclc=458641769 |volume=6 |series = The International Series of Monographs on Physics |url=https://archive.org/details/GeomagnetismVol2}}
{{Refend}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartels, Julius}}
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1964 deaths]]
[[Category:Scientists from Magdeburg]]
[[Category:Scientists from the Province of Saxony]]
[[Category:German geophysicists]]
[[Category:University of Göttingen alumni]]
[[Category:German statisticians]]
[[Category:Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin]]
[[Category:Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities]]
[[Category:Max Planck Institute directors]]

Julius Bartels - Revision history

imported>ComplexRational: Removing link(s) Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of important publications in geology (3rd nomination) closed as delete (XFDcloser)