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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Queen of Bohemia from 1158 to 1172}}<br />
{{more citations|date=December 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
|consort =yes<br />
|image =File:Judith_of_Thuringia_-_forensic_facial_reconstruction.jpg<br />
|caption =Forensic facial reconstruction of Judith of Thuringia<br />
|succession =[[Queen consort of Bohemia]]<br />
|reign =1158–1172<br />
|succession1 =[[Duchess consort of Bohemia]]<br />
|reign1 =1153–1158<br />
|spouse =[[Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia]]<br />
|issue =[[Ottokar I, King of Bohemia]]<br/>[[Vladislaus III, Duke of Bohemia]]<br />
|issue-link = #Children<br />
|house =[[Ludovingians]]<br />
|father =[[Louis I, Landgrave of Thuringia]]<br />
|mother =[[Hedwig of Gudensberg]]<br />
|birth_date ={{circa|1135}}<br />
|birth_place =[[Wartburg Castle]]<br />
|death_date = {{circa|1210}}, aged 75; [[#Death|see below]]<br />
|death_place =<br />
|place of burial=[[Teplice]] Abbey<br />
|}}<br />
'''Judith of Thuringia''' ({{langx|cs|Judita Durynská}}; {{circa|1135}} – {{circa|1210}}), a member of the [[Ludovingians|Ludovingian]] dynasty, was [[List of Bohemian consorts|Queen consort of Bohemia]] from 1158 until 1172 as the second wife of King [[Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia|Vladislaus II]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Homza |first=Martin |title=St. Ludmila of Bohemia, Model of Female Ruler Sainthood in Central-East Europe? |date=2017-01-01 |work=Mulieres suadentes - Persuasive Women |pages=80–142 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/9789004338135/B9789004338135_006.xml |access-date=2024-03-23 |publisher=Brill |language=en |isbn=978-90-04-33813-5}}</ref> She was the second Queen of [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]] after [[Świętosława of Poland]], wife of King [[Vratislaus II of Bohemia|Vratislaus II]], had received the title in 1085.<br />
<br />
==Marriage==<br />
Judith was the daughter of Landgrave [[Louis I, Landgrave of Thuringia|Louis I of Thuringia]] (d. 1140) and his wife [[Hedwig of Gudensberg]]. Her sister was Bertha of Lorraine.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tingle |first=Louise |date=2018-03-13 |title=(Review) Elena Woodacre and Carey Fleiner (eds), Royal Mothers and their Ruling Children: Wielding Political Authority from Antiquity to the Early Modern Era (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015), pp. xi + 253. ISBN: 978-1-137-51310-6 (hb). |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0424.12354 |journal=Gender & History |language=en |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=302–303 |doi=10.1111/1468-0424.12354 |issn=0953-5233|url-access=subscription }}</ref> She was raised at the [[Duchy of Thuringia|Thuringian]] court at [[Wartburg]] Castle. In 1153 she was married to Duke Vladislaus II of Bohemia, three years after the death of his first wife [[Gertrude of Babenberg, Duchess of Bohemia|Gertrude of Babenberg]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wolverton |first=Lisa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeFACISbhCgC&dq=%22Judith+of+Thuringia%22&pg=PA94 |title=Hastening Toward Prague: Power and Society in the Medieval Czech Lands |date=2012-10-09 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-0422-3 |language=en}}</ref> The main reason for the marriage was that Judith, by her brother Landgrave [[Louis II, Landgrave of Thuringia|Louis II]] and his wife [[Judith of Hohenstaufen]], was related to the new German King [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick Barbarossa]]. Vladislaus' bride was about eighteen years old; he was 15–20 years her senior.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
Probably in 1155, two years after the wedding, Judith gave birth to the first son. In medieval times the names for<br />
babies were chosen mostly by mothers, so it was probably Judith's idea to name the son [[Ottokar I of Bohemia|Přemysl]] after the legendary founder of the [[Přemyslid dynasty]].<ref>KAREŠOVÁ, Z.; PRAŽÁK, J. ''Královny a kněžny české''. Prague : X-Egem, 1996.</ref><br />
<br />
==Queen Judith==<br />
[[File:Prag karlsbrücke kleinseite.jpg|thumb|left|Judith Tower (left), Charles Bridge]]<br />
The chronicler Vincent, canon of Prague, wrote that Judith was of great beauty and mind, educated in Latin and politics.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Aurell |first=Martin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wBNvEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Judith+of+Thuringia%22&pg=PA195 |title=The Lettered Knight: Knowledge and aristocratic behaviour in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries |date=2017-03-10 |publisher=Central European University Press |isbn=978-963-386-235-3 |language=en}}</ref> It is said that she often deputized for Vladislaus in his absence. When he obtained the royal title from Emperor Frederick and was crowned [[King of Bohemia]] in 1158, Judith became Queen consort.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Antonín |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Bq9DgAAQBAJ&dq=Judith+vladislav+bohemia&pg=PA357 |title=The Ideal Ruler in Medieval Bohemia |date=2017-03-06 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-34112-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HBlNAAAAYAAJ&q=Judith+vladislav+bohemia |title=Architecture of the Romanesque |date=2001 |publisher=Prague Castle Administration |isbn=978-80-86161-34-1 |language=en}}</ref> Her coronation is not actually documented, but chronicles write about ''Queen'' Judith.<br />
<br />
During Vladislaus' rule a new bridge across the [[Vltava]] river in [[Prague]] was built from about 1160, where the famous [[Charles Bridge]] stands today. It was one of the first stone bridges in central Europe; Judith financed it, and in honour of her it was called [[Judith Bridge]] (''Juditin most'').<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gajdošová |first=Jana |date=2022-09-01 |title=Restaging Remnants of the Past: Royal Sculpture in Charles IV's Prague |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/720973 |journal=Gesta |language=en |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=223–243 |doi=10.1086/720973 |issn=0016-920X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Drawn away by a 1342 flood, remnants of some pillars and arches are still visible, as well as the preserved bridge tower (''Juditina věž'') on the [[Malá Strana]] bank.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Matěj |first=Lubor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aIa9EAAAQBAJ&dq=Judith+vladislav+bohemia&pg=RA2-PT73 |title=Who is Who on Prague's Charles Bridge - Stories of Saints, Sculptors and Donors.: Your Ultimate Audio Guide to the World's Most Beautiful Open-Air gallery. |date=2023-04-01 |publisher=iPublishing, spol. s r. o. |isbn=978-80-906482-1-0 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the ongoing struggle around the Prague throne, Judith backed the inheritance claims of her son Přemysl Ottokar, however, Duke Vladislaus named his stepbrother [[Frederick, Duke of Bohemia|Frederick]] his successor. When her husband finally abdicated in 1172, his wife followed him to exile in Thuringia. Vladislaus died two years later at [[Meerane]] Castle. <br />
<br />
===Death===<br />
It is not known where Judith died, but her remains were found in the former [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] monastery of [[Teplice]], which she had founded about 1164.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brenišínová |first=Monika |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAWVEAAAQBAJ&dq=Judith+vladislav+bohemia&pg=PA51 |title=(Trans)missions: Monasteries as Sites of Cultural Transfers |date=2022-09-30 |publisher=Archaeopress Publishing Ltd |isbn=978-1-80327-325-9 |language=en}}</ref> According to the historian {{ill|Emanuel Vlček|cs}}, she died about 1210 at the age of 75, living to see the successful reign of her eldest son Přemysl.<ref>VLČEK, E. Judita Durynská – paní znamenité krásy a ducha neobyčejného. O čem vypovídá lebka manželky krále Vladislava II. Vesmír 81, říjen 2002</ref><br />
<br />
==Children==<br />
*[[Ottokar I of Bohemia|Ottokar]] ({{circa|1155}} – 1230), Duke of Bohemia in 1192/93 and again from 1197, became King of Bohemia in 1198, first of a hereditary line<br />
*[[Vladislaus III, Duke of Bohemia|Vladislaus III]] ({{circa|1160}} – 1222), Duke of Bohemia in 1197, [[Margraviate of Moravia|Margrave of Moravia]] from 1197 until his death<br />
*Richeza (d. 1182), married to [[Henry I, Duke of Mödling|Henry of Mödling]], a younger son of Duke [[Henry II, Duke of Austria|Henry II of Austria]].<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*KAREŠOVÁ, Z.; PRAŽÁK, J. ''Královny a kněžny české''. 1. vyd. Praha : X-Egem, 1996.<br />
*[[Emanuel Vlček|VLČEK, E.]] ''Judita Durynská– paní znamenité krásy a ducha neobyčejného. O čem vypovídá lebka manželky krále Vladislava II.'' Vesmír 81, říjen 2002.<br />
*M. Skopal. K otázce řezenské korunovace Vladislava II. "Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Philosophica et Historica", T. 2: Studia Historica, t. 31: 1987, s. 31–39, ad rem: s. 36–37.<br />
*A. Merhautová-Livorová. Reliéf na věži bývalého Juditina mostu. "Uméní", R. 19: 1971, nr 1, s. 70–75.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{s-start}}<br />
{{s-hou |[[Ludovingians]]||c. 1135|9 September|after 1174|}}<br />
{{s-roy}}<br />
{{s-bef|before=[[Gertrude of Babenberg, Duchess of Bohemia|Gertrude of Babenberg]]}}<br />
{{s-ttl|title=[[Royal Consorts of Bohemia|Duchess consort of Bohemia]]|years=1153&ndash;1158}}<br />
{{s-aft|after=[[Elisabeth of Hungary (d. after 1189)|Elisabeth of Hungary]]}}<br />
{{s-bef|before=[[Świętosława of Poland]]}}<br />
{{s-ttl|title=[[Royal Consorts of Bohemia|Queen consort of Bohemia]]|years=1158&ndash;1172}}<br />
{{s-aft|after=[[Adelheid of Meissen]]}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
<br />
{{Royal consorts of Bohemia}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Judith Of Thuringia}}<br />
[[Category:Queens consort of Bohemia]]<br />
[[Category:Thuringian nobility]]<br />
[[Category:Ludovingians]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century people from Bohemia]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century women from Bohemia]]<br />
[[Category:Daughters of monarchs]]<br />
[[Category:Mothers of Bohemian monarchs]]</div>imported>OAbot