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−Category:19th-century clergy from Ottoman Iraq; ± 2 categories using HotCat

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{{Short description|Head of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1757 to 1796}}
{{distinguish|text=Youssef IV, [[List of Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch|a Maronite Patriarch of Antioch]] 1644–1648}}
{{Infobox Patriarch
|image=
|honorific-prefix = Mar
|name=Joseph IV Lazar Hindi
|birth_name=Lazar Hindi
|church=[[Chaldean Catholic Church]]
|see=[[Patriarchial See of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Amid of the Chaldeans]]
|patriarch_of=[[Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Patriarch of the Chaldeans]]
|residence=[[Amid]], [[Turkey]]
|enthroned= 25 March 1759
|ended= 1796
|predecessor=[[Joseph III (Chaldean Catholic patriarch)|Joseph III Timothy Maroge]]
|successor=[[Augustine Hindi|Joseph V Augustine Hindi]]
|birth_date= 14 September 1726
|death_date= {{BirthDeathAge||1726|9|14|1796|||yes}}
}}

Mar '''Joseph IV Timotheus Lazar Hindi''' was the fourth incumbent of the ''Josephite'' line of [[Church of the East]], a patriarchate in [[Full Communion|full communion]] with the [[pope]] mainly active in the areas of [[Amid]] and [[Mardin]]. He was considered the Patriarch of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] from 1757 to 1796.

==Life==

Lazar Hindi, born on 14 September 1726,<ref>{{cite book |title=Annuario pontificio 1773 |location=Rome |year=1773 |page=254 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=D0gQAAAAIAAJ |access-date= 2009-04-24|last1=Curia Romana |first1=Catholic Church }}</ref> educated at the [[Pontifical Urbaniana University|Urban college]] in [[Rome]], was elected patriarch after the death on 23 January 1757 of his predecessor [[Joseph III (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph III Timothy Maroge]]. He was consecrated bishop on 8 February 1757 by Yohannan Basil, bishop of Mardin (died 1758), who in turn had been consecrated bishop in 1741 by [[Joseph III (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph III]].<ref name="Wilmshurst">{{cite book |last=David |first=Wilmshurst |title=The Ecclesiastical Organization of the Church of the East, 1318-1913 |publisher=Peeters Publishers |year=2000 |isbn=978-90-429-0876-5}}</ref>{{rp|54}} Lazar Hindi was confirmed patriarch by the [[Clement XIII]] on 25 March 1759 and received the [[pallium]] on 9 April 1759. He took the name of Joseph (''Youssef'') IV.

From 1765 to 1768 he went to [[Rome]] for printing Chaldean liturgical books and Gospels.

Lazar Hindi coped with the main problem of his predecessors: the tax burdens imposed by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] authorities on his churches with any kind of pretexts.<ref name="Wilmshurst"/>{{rp|27}} As his predecessor, in the 1770s he visited the European courts to raise funds but without results.

Back in Amid, dispirited, he resigned in August 1780, appointing as successor his nephew [[Augustine Hindi]]. The [[Holy See]] accepted the resignation in 1781 but objected to the succession of his nephew. Informed of this, Lazar Hindi withdrew his resignation and remained in Amid.<ref name="Frazee"/>{{rp|212}}

In 1789 Lazar Hindi was imprisoned by the Turkish authorities for his debt of twenty thousand ''piastras''.<ref name="Frazee">{{cite book |last=Frazee|first=Charles A.|title=Catholics and Sultans: The Church and the Ottoman Empire 1453-1923|year=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-02700-7}}</ref>{{rp|211}} He escaped in 1790 and left for Rome.
When he arrived in Rome in March 1791, he found that the [[Holy See|Vatican]] was not so interested in his small patriarchate, but was working on possible unions with both the patriarchate of [[Qochanis]], whose patriarch [[Mar Shimun XV Maqdassi Mikhail]] in 1770<ref name="Murre">{{cite web|url=http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol2No2/HV2N2Murre.html |title=The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries |publisher=Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies |access-date=2009-01-24 |author=Heleen H.L. Murre |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222173041/http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol2No2/HV2N2Murre.html |archive-date=2008-12-22 }}</ref> wrote to Rome to establish contacts, and mainly with the ancient patriarchate of [[Alqosh]], contended by two cousins, one of which, [[Yohannan Hormizd|Yohannan VIII Eliya Hormizd]], considered himself a Catholic. In 1791 the Vatican had given the government of Amid, the main town of Lazar Hindi's patriarchate, to Yohannan Hormizd. Lazar Hindi vehemently objected, and in 1793 succeeded to have his nephew Augustine returned to be the episcopal administrator of Amid, besides being patriarchal administrator.<ref name="Frazee"/>{{rp|211}}

Lazar Hindi died in [[Italy]] in 1796.<ref name="Wilmshurst"/>{{rp|27}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==Sources==
* {{Cite book|last=Frazee|first=Charles A.|title=Catholics and Sultans: The Church and the Ottoman Empire 1453-1923|year=2006|orig-date=1983|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521027007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6DM4szwUpEC}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Joseph III (Chaldean Catholic patriarch)|Joseph III Timothy Maroge]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon]]|years=1757–1780}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Joseph V Augustine Hindi]]}}
{{end}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joseph, Iv}}
[[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
[[Category:1726 births]]
[[Category:1796 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Eastern Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Assyrians from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Eastern Catholic bishops in the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:18th-century clergy from the Ottoman Empire]]

Joseph IV - Revision history

imported>Mugsalot: −Category:19th-century clergy from Ottoman Iraq; ± 2 categories using HotCat