2600:6C5E:1F00:1489:0:0:0:19F2 at 22:51, 19 June 2025

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{{Short description|American archbishop}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| name = Jonah
| archbishop_of = Former Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada
| image = Metropolitan Jonah (Paffhausen).jpg
| predecessor = [[Herman (Swaiko)]]
| successor = [[Tikhon (Mollard)]]
| ordination = October 17, 1994
| consecration = November 1, 2008
| consecrated_by = [[Dmitri (Royster)]], [[Benjamin (Peterson)]], [[Tikhon (Mollard)]], and [[Alejo (Pacheco y Vera)]]
| other_post =
| birth_name = James Paffhausen
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1959|10|20}}
| birth_place = [[Chicago, Illinois]], [[United States|USA]]
| religion = [[Eastern Orthodox]]
| alma_mater = [[Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary]]
| honorific_prefix = [[His Eminence]]
| began = December 28, 2008
| ended = July 7, 2012
| church = [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia]] (ROCOR)
}}

'''Metropolitan Jonah''' (born '''James Paffhausen, Jr.'''; October 20, 1959) is a retired American [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] bishop who served as the [[primate (bishop)|primate]]<ref name=oca1>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/holy-synod/past-primates/metropolitan-jonah |title=Past Primates: His Eminence, Metropolitan Jonah (Paffhausen) - Orthodox Church in America |publisher=OCA |date= |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> of the [[Orthodox Church in America]] (OCA) with the title ''The Most Blessed Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' from his election on November 12, 2008, until his resignation on July 7, 2012. Metropolitan Jonah was the first [[Religious conversion|convert]] to the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox faith]] to have been elected as the primate of the OCA.

On June 15, 2015, Metropolitan Jonah was released from the Orthodox Church in America in order for him to be accepted as a retired bishop of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia|Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia]].<ref name="concludes">{{cite web |title=Holy Synod Concludes Annual Retreat |date=June 16, 2015 |url=https://www.oca.org/news/headline-news/holy-synod-concludes-annual-retreat |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref><ref name="released">{{cite web |last1=Hunter |first1=Ryan |title=Metropolitan Jonah released from the OCA to ROCOR |url=https://ryanphunter.wordpress.com/2015/06/15/metropolitan-jonah-released-from-the-oca-to-rocor |website=Orthodox in the District |date=June 15, 2015 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ROCOR Parish and Clergy Directory |url=https://directory.stinnocentpress.com/viewclergy.cgi?Uid=881&lang=en |access-date=2023-09-17}}</ref>

==Life==
James Paffhausen was born in [[Chicago, Illinois]], to James and Louise Paffhausen. He was baptized in the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]] at [[St. Chrysostom]]'s Episcopal Church.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2012/07/09/chicago-native-quits-as-leader-of-american-orthodox-church-2 |title=Chicago native quits as leader of American Orthodox Church |work=Chicago Tribune |date=July 9, 2012 |access-date=2025-06-19}}</ref> He continued attending a parish of the Episcopal Church after his family relocated to [[La Jolla]], California. It was not until age 18 that he began preparation for chrismation in a San Diego Orthodox parish of the Moscow Patriarchate.<ref name="oca1"/> In 1978, he was received into the Orthodox Church at Our Lady of Kazan Church ([[Church of Russia|Moscow Patriarchate]]) while studying at the [[University of California, San Diego]]. He later transferred to [[UC Santa Cruz]] and helped to establish an Orthodox Christian Fellowship chapter there.

After graduation from UCSC, Paffhausen began graduate studies at [[St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary]], graduating in 1985 with an M.Div. In 1988 he earned an M.Th. in Dogmatic Theology. In 1989, he began doctoral studies at [[Graduate Theological Union]] in [[Berkeley, California]]. He interrupted his studies to spend a year in [[Russia]], working for ''Russkiy Palomnik'' in the publishing arm of the Moscow Patriarchate. During his time in Russia, he was introduced to Russian spirituality and its particular form of monastic life. In this period, the Soviet Union was dissolved.

He subsequently joined [[Valaam Monastery]] as a [[novice]], coming under the spiritual direction of Archimandrite Pancratius (Zherdev), the monastery's [[abbot]], now a titular bishop of [[Troitsk]]. While in Russia, Paffhausen was taken to see Fr. Pancratius' own spiritual father, Elder [[Cyril Pavlov|Cyril (Pavlov)]] of [[Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra|Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra]] to ask for advice in discerning his vocation. Elder Kyrill blessed him to become a [[hieromonk]].

In 1994, Paffhausen was [[ordination|ordained]] to the [[deacon|diaconate]] and priesthood. In the following year, he was [[tonsure]]d a monastic at St Tikhon's Monastery, [[South Canaan, Pennsylvania]], receiving the [[religious name]] Jonah after St. [[Jonah of Moscow]].

[[Hieromonk]] Jonah returned to his home state of California and was initially assigned as the priest of a mission parish, St Mary Magdalene of [[Merced, California]]. While serving there, he worked with Father Jon Magoulias of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America]] (GOA) parish in [[Modesto, California]] to establish a mission parish under the auspices of the OCA in the Sonora/Jamestown/Columbia area of California. This mission met in the historical Roman Catholic church of Saint Anna in the gold rush town of [[Columbia, California|Columbia]]. Father Jonah worked to establish a mission parish in [[Chico, California]]. In the midst of these activities, his goal was to establish a monastic brotherhood.

He was given the obedience to establish a monastery at the Saint Eugene's retreat at [[Point Reyes, California]] by his bishop, Tikhon (Fitzgerald). In late 1996, St. John of San Francisco Monastery was founded in Point Reyes. During his tenure as [[abbot]], Fr. Jonah's monastic community grew to more than fifteen members, and the monastery soon moved to larger facilities in [[Manton, California|Manton]]. In this period, Fr. Jonah continued to work with mission parishes in Chico, Eureka, and [[Susanville, California]], and in the [[Kona District, Hawaii]].

==Episcopal consecration==

In 2008, Fr. Jonah was elevated to the rank of [[archimandrite]] and sent from the monastery to take on the duties of being an [[auxiliary bishop]] for the Orthodox Church in America's Diocese of the South. In September of that year, he was officially elected to that position, and then on November 1 consecrated in Dallas as Bishop of [[Fort Worth, Texas]] led by Archbishop [[Dmitri (Royster)]], then ''[[locum tenens]]'' of the OCA's Metropolitan See.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/news/archived/archimandrite-jonah-paffhausen-consecrated-bishop-of-fort-worth-and-auxilia |title=Archimandrite Jonah (Paffhausen) consecrated Bishop of Fort Worth and Auxiliary Bishop of the Diocese of the South |work=oca.org |date=November 1, 2008}}</ref> Eleven days later, on November 12, in [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], Bishop Jonah was elected as Metropolitan of the Orthodox Church in America.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/news/archived/bishop-jonah-of-fort-worth-elected-metropolitan-of-all-america-and-canada |title=Bishop Jonah of Fort Worth Elected Metropolitan of All America and Canada |work=oca.org |date=November 12, 2008}}</ref>

Jonah's election as metropolitan was an unusual occurrence in the history of the OCA, as he was the newest bishop in the OCA at the time.<ref name=qa/> Metropolitan Herman (Swaiko) had retired three months prior to the OCA's Fifteenth All-American Council, in connection with the 2005-08 [[financial scandal in the Orthodox Church in America]]. The vacancy meant that a new metropolitan would have to be elected at the council. On the night before the election, the synod asked Jonah to address questions from the delegates regarding the recent financial scandal in the OCA. Jonah was only an auxiliary bishop at the time, and that for only ten days, but he was the only bishop at the time who was seen as untainted by the scandal.<ref name=peet>{{cite web |last=Peet |first=Subdeacon Simeon Terry |url=https://oca15aac.wordpress.com/2008/12/16/it-wasnt-supposed-to-happen-this-way |title=It Wasn't Supposed To Happen This Way |date=December 16, 2008 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref>

In his largely-improvised address, Jonah heavily criticized how he had seen authority exercised by bishops and the OCA administration in the past. He stated that hierarchical authority in the Orthodox Church should be about responsibility, accountability, and spiritual fatherhood, rather than "imperial aristocracy".<ref name=qa/> He said that there had been a catastrophic leadership failure in the OCA, but told the assembly that clinging to bitterness over the situation would only do further harm, and that church members had to learn to forgive in order to heal.<ref name=qa>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/holy-synod/statements/metropolitan-jonah/jonah-15aac-qna |title=His Grace Bishop Jonah Addresses Questions and Concerns |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> The following morning, Jonah received the most votes from the council delegates in two rounds of voting, and was subsequently elected by the Holy Synod to be the new Metropolitan.<ref name=peet/>

Metropolitan Jonah was formally installed as bishop of the [[Orthodox Church in America Diocese of Washington and New York]] at [[St. Nicholas Cathedral (Washington, D.C.)|St. Nicholas Cathedral]], Washington, D.C., on December 28, 2008. Several months later, the synod voted to restore a previous arrangement of having Washington as the principal city of the metropolitan's diocese, and establishing New York as a separate diocese, renaming the diocese the [[Orthodox Church in America Archdiocese of Washington]]. Jonah served as the ''[[locum tenens]]'' of New York until the [[Orthodox Church in America Diocese of New York and New Jersey]] enthroned its own bishop in 2010.

In accordance with [[Canon law#Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox canon law]] and the OCA Statute, which stipulate that a diocesan bishop must live within the geographic boundaries of his diocese, Jonah maintained his residence and office in Washington, D.C., while regularly working at the OCA headquarters in [[Oyster Bay Cove, New York]].

==Activities==

In November 2009, Jonah signed an ecumenical statement known as the [[Manhattan Declaration: A Call of Christian Conscience|Manhattan Declaration]], which called on [[Evangelicalism|evangelicals]], [[Catholic Church|Catholics]] and the Orthodox not to comply with rules and laws permitting abortion, same-sex marriage and other matters that go against their religious consciences.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://demoss.com/newsrooms/manhattandeclaration/background/manhattan-declaration-signers |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011095952/http://demoss.com/newsrooms/manhattandeclaration/background/manhattan-declaration-signers |archivedate=2014-10-11 |title=Manhattan Declaration: A Call of Christian Conscience |work=demoss.com |date=November 20, 2009}}</ref>

Regarding [[Ecumenism|ecumenical relations]] with non-Orthodox jurisdictions and Christian denominations, Jonah severed contacts with The Episcopal Church, due to their acceptance of [[same-sex relationship]]s, turning to support the [[Anglican Church in North America]] (ACNA). He also expressed a desire to establish full communion between the OCA and the ACNA.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.virtueonline.org/acna09-metropolitan-jonah-calls-full-communion-new-anglican-province |title=ACNA'09: Metropolitan Jonah calls for Full Communion With New Anglican Province |publisher=VirtueOnline |date=2009-06-24 |accessdate=2013-09-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824103130/http://www.virtueonline.org/acna09-metropolitan-jonah-calls-full-communion-new-anglican-province |archivedate=2016-08-24}}</ref> Jonah supported the creation of the ACNA, addressing his assembly in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anglicanchurch.net/?/main/page/51 |title=Metropolitan Jonah Addresses ACNA Assembly |publisher=Anglicanchurch.net |date= |accessdate=2013-09-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165203/http://www.anglicanchurch.net/?/main/page/51 |archivedate=2016-03-03}}</ref>

Jonah let it be known that he expected his bishops to be present at the annual [[March for Life (Washington, D.C.)|March for Life]] each January in Washington, DC. He publicly threatened to pull some 26 OCA [[military chaplain]]s out of the American military if they were asked to officiate at [[Same-sex marriage in the United States|same-sex marriages]] or condone homosexuality in any way. He made some statements critical of fellow Orthodox leaders{{which|date=October 2015}} and made it known he wanted to permanently move church headquarters from [[Oyster Bay Cove, New York]] to Washington, DC. While some Orthodox{{who|date=October 2015}} applauded his proposed changes, others{{who|date=October 2015}} objected over what they considered to be rash and intemperate remarks.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Duin|first1=Julia|title=Metropolitan Jonah goes to Washington|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/metropolitan-jonah-goes-to-washington/2011/02/24/ABnZq3l_story.html|newspaper=The Washington Post|accessdate=20 March 2011}}</ref>

Other OCA leaders{{who|date=October 2015}} forced Jonah to take a [[Retreat (spiritual)#Christianity|retreat]] ostensibly for spiritual and personal renewal from February 25 to April 24, 2011.<ref>{{cite web |author= |url=https://www.oca.org/news/archived/holy-synod-announces-changes |title=Archived News - Holy Synod Announces Changes |publisher=OCA |date=February 25, 2011 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> Archbishop Nathaniel of Detroit assisted in temporary administration of the OCA during Jonah's retreat.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oca.org/CAdioceseRO.asp?SID=8 |title=Dioceses - Romanian Episcopate |publisher=OCA |date=2013-06-07 |accessdate=2013-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229215251/http://www.oca.org/CAdioceseRO.asp?SID=8 |archive-date=2010-12-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2011 and extending into 2012, Jonah presided at or participated in several events of historical significance in the Orthodox Church. These included a February 2011 concelebration with Metropolitan [[Hilarion Alfeyev|Hilarion (Alfeyev)]] of Volokolamsk and Archbishop Justinian (Ovchinnikov) of Naro-Fominsk in St. Nicholas Cathedral in New York City. In that same month, Jonah also met Metropolitan [[Christopher of Prague|Christopher]] of the [[Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church|Czech Lands and Slovakia]], as well as [[Serbian Patriarch Irinej|Patriarch Irinej]] of the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]].

In May and December 2011, Jonah [[Concelebration|concelebrated]] with Metropolitan [[Hilarion (Kapral)]] of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]] (ROCOR).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://russianorthodoxchurch.ws/synod/eng2011/20111212_ensynod.html |title=Statement by the Synod of Bishops |accessdate=2025-06-19 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> These were the first concelebrations between hierarchs of the OCA and ROCOR. The May [[Divine Liturgy]] was the first concelebration between the Primate and First Hierarch of the respective churches, and the December liturgy involved many more bishops from both Synods.

In August 2011, Jonah was to have travelled to Prague to visit the [[Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia]], but cancelled his portion of the trip in order to tend to the dying Archbishop [[Dmitri Royster|Dmitri (Royster)]] of Dallas.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/news/headline-news/visit-to-the-orthodox-church-of-the-czech-lands-and-slovakia |title=Visit to the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia |date=August 26, 2011 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> Bishop [[Benjamin (Peterson)]], who was to have accompanied Jonah, traveled to Prague in his stead.

Also in August 2011, Jonah's first book was published by St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. Titled ''Reflections on a Spiritual Journey'', the book is a collection of several of Jonah's writings, speeches, and interviews, both from his time as abbot and mission priest as well as after his election as Metropolitan.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.svots.edu/headlines/svs-press-releases-titles-metropolitan-jonah-and-metropolitan-hilarion |title=SVS Press Releases Titles by Metropolitan Jonah and Metropolitan Hilarion |date=August 18, 2011 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref>

On January 1, 2012, he presided at the Divine Liturgy at a ROCOR parish, St. John the Baptist in Washington, DC, with the blessing of Metropolitan [[Hilarion (Kapral)]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.eadiocese.org/News/2012/jan/mjdc.en.htm |title=An Historic Event in the American Capital – The Primate of the OCA celebrated the Divine Liturgy in St. John the Baptist Cathedral |accessdate=2025-06-19 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> This was the first time an OCA bishop had led Divine Liturgy at a ROCOR parish, in the absence of any ROCOR bishops. Several OCA and ROCOR priests concelebrated on this historic occasion.

==Resignation==
On July 6, 2012, Jonah tendered his resignation as Primate of the Orthodox Church in America.<ref name=resign>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/news/headline-news/metropolitan-jonah-tenders-resignation |title=Metropolitan Jonah tenders resignation |date=July 8, 2012 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> A later statement released by the OCA's Synod of Bishops said that their request that he either resign or take a leave of absence for treatment "came at the end of a rather long list of questionable, unilateral decisions and actions, demonstrating the Metropolitan's inability to be truthful and accountable to his peers".<ref name=synodstm>{{cite web |url=http://oca.org/PDF/NEWS/2012/2012-0716-holy-synod-statement.pdf |title=Statement from the Holy Synod Regarding the Resignation of Metropolitan Jonah |accessdate=18 July 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312214247/http://oca.org/PDF/NEWS/2012/2012-0716-holy-synod-statement.pdf |archivedate=2013-03-12}}</ref> The statement also alleged that Jonah had interfered with the proper investigation of multiple complaints of clerical sexual misconduct.<ref name=synodstm/> The synod's allegations were subsequently disputed for apparent internal inconsistency,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kalvesmaki |first1=Joel |title=Did the OCA bishops lie about Metropolitan Jonah? |url=https://kalvesmaki.com/OCA/2012-09-18-ocl-op-ed.html |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Michalopulos |first1=George |title=First Rule of Holes: When You're in One, Stop Digging |url=https://www.monomakhos.com/first-rule-of-holes-when-youre-in-one-stop-digging |accessdate=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240714065523/https://www.monomakhos.com/first-rule-of-holes-when-youre-in-one-stop-digging |archive-date=2024-07-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kalvesmaki |first1=Joel |title=Why I Disbelieve What the OCA Bishops Said about Metropolitan Jonah Part One: Many Allegations, Few Arguments |url=https://kalvesmaki.com/OCA/2012-11-06-disbelieve-1.html |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> witness testimony that contradicted the allegations,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Michalopulos |first1=George |title=Another Hole in the Official Story: 'Alleged Rape' Timeline Reporting is Wrong |url=https://www.monomakhos.com/another-hole-in-the-official-story |accessdate=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228192440/https://www.monomakhos.com/another-hole-in-the-official-story |archive-date=2024-02-28}}</ref> use of language that was apparently misleading and could have distorted press coverage of the event,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hodges |first1=Fr Mark |title=Comment re: 'Let the Healing Begin' |date=2013-06-07 |url=https://www.monomakhos.com/let-the-healing-begin/#comment-57784 |accessdate=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418151034/https://www.monomakhos.com/let-the-healing-begin/#comment-57784 |archive-date=2024-04-18}}</ref><ref name="kalvesmaki.com">{{cite web |last1=Kalvesmaki |first1=Joel |title=Why I Disbelieve What the OCA Bishops Said about Metropolitan Jonah Part Two: Testing the Only Argument That Can Be Checked Publicly |url=https://kalvesmaki.com/OCA/2012-11-07-disbelieve-2.html |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> as well as the allegations' apparent inconsistency with other OCA investigations and their conclusions.<ref name="kalvesmaki.com"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Michalopulos |first1=George |title=Well, That Was Easy |date=July 21, 2012 |url=https://www.monomakhos.com/well-that-was-easy |accessdate=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228190055/https://www.monomakhos.com/well-that-was-easy |archive-date=2024-02-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kalvesmaki |first1=Joel |title=Why I Disbelieve What the OCA Bishops Said about Metropolitan Jonah Part Three: A Tale of Three Tales |url=https://kalvesmaki.com/OCA/2012-11-08-disbelieve-3.html |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> The accusatory statement no longer appears on the OCA website as of 8 December 2015.<ref>{{cite web |title=Search results: "Metropolitan Jonah" |url=https://oca.org/search/results/ca5de83b3c599ee7f11c684fd9305c80 |website=Orthodox Church in America |accessdate=8 December 2015}}</ref>

Jonah and his legal representative engaged in negotiations with the OCA for several months, beginning sometime before November 9, 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=OCA Synod Issues Statement on Negotiations |date=November 9, 2012 |url=https://www.oca.org/news/headline-news/oca-synod-issues-statement-on-negotiations |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref> These negotiations eventually resulted in an agreement with the Holy Synod of the OCA regarding his retirement on May 27, 2013, during a meeting at St. Tikhon's Monastery with Jonah's future successor, then-Archbishop [[Tikhon (Mollard)]], the current primate of the OCA, and other synod members.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/news/headline-news/metropolitan-tikhon-holy-synod-members-meet-with-metropolitan-jonah |title=Metropolitan Tikhon, Holy Synod members meet with Metropolitan Jonah |date=May 27, 2013 |accessdate=2025-06-19}}</ref>

On June 15, 2015, Metropolitan Jonah was released from the Orthodox Church in America in order for him to be accepted as a retired bishop within the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]].<ref name="concludes"/><ref name="released"/>

==Ministry in ROCOR==

After his acceptance into ROCOR, Metropolitan Jonah continued serving and teaching regularly at the [[Cathedral of St. John the Baptist (Washington, D.C.)|Russian Orthodox Cathedral of St. John the Baptist]] in Washington, DC, which he had started doing as a retired OCA bishop.<ref>{{cite web |title=Orthodox Studies with Metropolitan Jonah (Paffhausen) |url=https://stjohndc.org/en/categories-video/spiritual-retreats-met-jonah |website=Russian Orthodox Cathedral of St. John the Baptist |access-date=14 August 2023}}</ref>

In September 2017, Metropolitan Jonah was assigned as rector of St. Herman of Alaska Orthodox Church in Stafford, Virginia, and transferred his teaching ministry there.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet Our Clergy |url=https://sthermanorthodox.org/meetourclergy |website=St Herman of Alaska Orthodox Church |access-date=14 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sermons and Eulogies |url=https://sthermanorthodox.org/sermonsandeulogies |website=St. Herman of Alaska Orthodox Church |access-date=14 August 2023}}</ref>

In October 2020, Metropolitan Jonah relocated to Spotsylvania Courthouse in Virginia and founded St. Demetrios Orthodox Monastery, becoming the new monastery's abbot while continuing to serve as rector of St. Herman's. By 2023, the monastery had twelve members of the brotherhood.<ref>{{cite web |title=Saint Demetrios Orthodox Monastery |url=https://virginiamonks.org |website=Saint Demetrios Orthodox Monastery |access-date=2025-06-19}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|35em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20240630035158/http://www.monomakhos.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/MONOMAKHOS-Fevronia-An-Open-Letter-September-2012-v1.pdf An Open Letter to the Orthodox Church of America. Responding to the Synod's Allegations about Metropolitan Jonah] // monomakhos
* {{orthodoxwiki source|Jonah_(Paffhausen)_of_Washington_and_New_York|Jonah (Paffhausen) of Washington and New York|oldid=77619}}

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{{Succession box| before=[[Herman (Swaiko)]] | title=[[List of primates of the Orthodox Church in America|Primate of the Orthodox Church in America]] | years= 2008–2012|after=[[Tikhon (Mollard)]]}}
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{{Primates of the Orthodox Church in America}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Paffhausen, Jonah}}
[[Category:Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia]]
[[Category:Primates of the Orthodox Church in America]]
[[Category:University of California, San Diego alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, Santa Cruz alumni]]
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Eastern Orthodox bishops]]
[[Category:Clergy from Chicago]]
[[Category:21st-century American bishops]]

Jonah Paffhausen - Revision history

2600:6C5E:1F00:1489:0:0:0:19F2 at 22:51, 19 June 2025