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'''John Francis Marchment Middleton''' (22 May 1921 – 27 February 2009)<ref>{{cite journal |title=John Middleton (1921-2009)|author=T.O.Beidelman |pages=147–151|year= 2010 |journal=Africa: The Journal of the International African Institute|volume=80|issue=1|doi=10.3366/E0001972009001302|s2cid=143695357|doi-access=free}}</ref> was a [[England|British]] [[professor]] of [[anthropology]] in the United States, specializing in Africa. He was director of the [[International African Institute]] in 1973-74 and in 1980–81. His work on the [[Lugbara people|Lugbara]] religion is considered a classic of African anthropology.<ref>[http://www.internationalafricaninstitute.org/publishing/classics.html "Classics in African Anthropology" International African Institute], accessed 3 January 2009</ref>

==Biography==
Middleton was born and grew up in [[London]], [[England]]. He received his [[bachelor's degree|bachelor of arts degree]] from the [[University of London]] in 1941. After [[World War II]] he returned to school and received his Bachelor of Science degree from [[Oxford University]] in 1949, and a [[doctorate]] in anthropology in 1953, also from Oxford. Middleton did his field work for his Ph.D. with the Lugbara in [[Uganda]], beginning in 1949.

From 1953 to 1954, Middleton was a lecturer in anthropology at the University of London. From 1954 to 1956, he was a senior lecturer at the [[University of Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]. In 1956, he returned to the University of London where he taught until 1963, during fieldwork in [[Zanzibar]] in 1958. From 1963 to 1966, he was a professor at [[Northwestern University]] in [[Evanston, Illinois]], and he did fieldwork in [[Nigeria]]. In 1966 he started teaching at [[New York University]], but that year he was offered a professorship at [[Yale University]], which he accepted, so for a while he taught at both institutions. In 1972, Middleton left Yale to accept appointment as professor of African anthropology at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]] at the University of London. This also enabled him to resume fieldwork, which he did in 1976 and 1977 in [[Ghana]]. In 1981, he returned to Yale, doing fieldwork in [[Kenya]] in 1986. Middleton continued to teach at Yale as a professor emeritus until his death in 2009.

During his long career, he was a visiting professor at the [[University of Virginia]], the [[University of Oregon]], [[University of Lagos]] in Nigeria, and the [[École pratique des hautes études]] in [[Paris]]. He was editor in chief of the ''Encyclopedia of Africa South of the Sahara'' (1997) and of the expanded ''New Encyclopedia of Africa'' (2007).

Middleton died on Friday, 27 February 2009, at the [[Yale-New Haven Hospital]] of head trauma after falling from a seizure two weeks before.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130210002156/http://www.yaledailynews.com/articles/view/28046 "Briefly: Anthropologist John Middleton dead at 87" ''Yale Daily News'' (2 March 2009)]</ref>

==Awards==
* 2001 Thomas Henry [[Huxley Memorial Medal]] by the [[Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|Royal Anthropological Institute]]<ref>[http://www.yale.edu/opa/arc-ybc/v30.n17/story26.html "Campus Notes" ''Yale Bulletin & Calendar'' (8 February 2002) 30(17)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418141311/http://www.yale.edu/opa/arc-ybc/v30.n17/story26.html |date=18 April 2009 }}</ref>
* 2007 Distinguished Africanist Award by the [[African Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.africanstudies.org/?page=awards_distinguished |title="Distinguished Africanist Award 2009" African Studies Association |access-date=2009-01-03 |archive-date=2008-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211060622/http://www.africanstudies.org/?page=awards_distinguished |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Selected works==
* 1953 ''The Central Tribes of the North-Eastern Bantu; the Kikuyu, including Embu, Meru, Mbere, Chuka, Mwimbi, Tharaka, and the Kamba of Kenya'', London: [[International African Institute]], {{OCLC|3416265}}
* 1960 ''Lugbara religion; ritual and authority among an East African people'' International African Institute, Oxford University Press, London {{OCLC|361464}}
* 1961 ''Land Tenure in Zanzibar'', London: [[H.M. Stationery Office]], {{OCLC|4170330}}
* 1965 ''The Lugbara of Uganda'', New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, {{OCLC|492118}}
* 1992 ''The World of the Swahili: An African Mercantile Civilization'', New Haven: Yale University Press, {{ISBN|0-300-05219-7}}
*2000 ''The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Society'', Blackwell Publishers, {{Isbn|978-0-631-18919-0}} (co-written with [[Mark Horton (archaeologist)|Mark Horton]])

==Notes==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Middleton, John Francis Marchment}}
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:English anthropologists]]
[[Category:English emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:English Africanists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Cape Town]]
[[Category:Academics of SOAS University of London]]
[[Category:New York University faculty]]
[[Category:Yale University faculty]]
[[Category:Northwestern University faculty]]
[[Category:University of Virginia faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Lagos]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths from falls]]
[[Category:British expatriates in South Africa]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Uganda]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Ghana]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Kenya]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Nigeria]]
[[Category:British expatriate academics in the United States]]

John Francis Marchment Middleton - Revision history

imported>Мит Сколов: /* Awards */