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{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Irati Formation
| period = Early Permian
| age = [[Early Permian]]<br />~{{fossil range|278.4|270}}
| image = Parana Basin simplified stratigraphic chart.png
| imagesize =
| caption = The Irati Formation belongs to the Gondwana I megasequence
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| prilithology = [[Black shale]]
| otherlithology = [[Sandstone]]
| unitof = [[Passa Dois Group]]
| subunits =
| underlies = [[Serra Alta Formation]] (Paraná Basin)<br />[[Teresina Formation]] (Pelotas Basin)
| overlies = [[Palermo Formation]]
| thickness = up to {{convert|80|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|1000000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| map = South America satellite plane Bacia do Parana.jpg
| map_caption = The Paraná Basin in South America
| location =
| coordinates = {{coord|25.5|S|50.7|W|display=inline,title}}
| region = [[Paraná Basin|Paraná]] & [[Pelotas Basin]]s<br />[[Goiás]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Mato Grosso]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], [[Rio Grande do Sul]]
| country = [[Brazil]]
| extent =
| namedfor =
| namedby = [[Israel C. White|White]]
| year_ts = 1908
| location_ts =
| coordinates_ts =
| paleocoordinates_ts = {{coord|45.8|S|29.7|W|display=inline}}
| region_ts =
| country_ts =
| thickness_ts =
}}
'''Irati Formation''' is the name of a [[geological formation]] of the [[Paraná Basin]] in [[Brazil]]. It has previously been dated as [[Late Permian]] using [[palynomorph]]s, but is now dated as [[Early Permian]] using [[zircon]] ages obtained from [[bentonite]] layers. The base of the formation has been dated at 278.4 ± 2.2 Ma.<ref name=DaCosta_p28>Da Costa, 2015, p.28</ref><ref name=Ventura>Ventura Santos et al., 2006</ref> Exposures of the Irati Formation are to be found in the South ([[Geopark]] of Paleorrota), southeastern [[Brazil]] and in the states of [[Goiás]], [[Mato Grosso]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], [[Rio Grande do Sul]] and [[Mato Grosso do Sul]].<ref name=DaCosta_p28/> The formation is part of the [[Passa Dios Group]], underlying the [[Serra Alta Formation]] and overlying the [[Palermo Formation]]. The formation has been deposited in a [[restricted marine]] [[depositional environment|environment]].<ref name=Diduch_p21>Diduch, 2011, p.21</ref> The Irati Formation, with a maximum thickness of {{convert|80|m|ft}}, was defined and named by [[Israel C. White|White]] in 1908.<ref name=DaCosta_p12>Da Costa, 2015, p.12</ref>

== Fossil content ==

{{paleobiota-key-compact}}

=== Reptiles ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | [[Reptile|Reptiles]] of the Irati Formation
|-
! Genus
! Species
! Location
! Stratigraphic position
! Material
! Notes
! Image
|-
| ''[[Brazilosaurus]]''
| ''B. sanpauloensis''
|
|
|
| A [[Mesosauridae|mesosaurid]] [[Mesosauria|mesosaur]]
| [[File:Brazilosaurus sanpauloensis.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
| ''[[Mesosaurus]]''
| ''M. tenuidiens''
|
|
|
| A mesosaurid mesosaur
| [[File:Mesosaurus_BW.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
| ''[[Stereosternum]]''
| ''S. tumidum''
|
|
|
| A mesosaurid mesosaur
| [[File:Stereosternum.jpg|center|250px]]
|}

=== Fish ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | [[Fish]] of the Irati Formation
|-
! Genus
! Species
! Location
! Stratigraphic position
! Material
! Notes
! Images
|-
| ''[[Amelacanthus]]''
| ''A. sp.''
|
|
|
| A [[Ctenacanthidae|ctenacanthid]] [[shark]]
|
|-
|''[[Fairchildodus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chahud |first=A. |year=2023 |title=Holocephali from the Irati Formation (Paraná Basin), Brazil: Origin, paleogeographical and paleoenvironmental considerations |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=79 |issue=2 |at=e155 |doi=10.3989/egeol.44987.632 |s2cid=261376731 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| ''F. rioclarensis''
|
|
|
| A [[Petalodontiformes|petalodont]]
|
|-
| ''[[Iratiacanthus]]''
| ''I. santamariaensis''
|
|
|
| A [[Sphenacanthidae|sphenacanthid]] shark
|
|-
| ''[[Itapyrodus]]''
| ''I. punctatus''
|
|
|
| A petalodont
|
|-
| ''[[Orodus]]''
| ''O. ipeunaensis''
|
|
|
| A [[Orodontidae|orodontid]] shark
|
|-
| ''[[Sphenacanthus]]''
| ''S. sanpauloensis''
|
|
|
| A sphenacanthid shark
|
|-
| ''[[Taquaralodus]]''
| ''T. albuquequei''
|
|
|
| A [[Xenacanthida|diplodoselachid]] shark
|
|-
| ''[[Xenacanthus]]''
| ''X. pricei''
|
|
|
| A [[Xenacanthida|xenacanthid]] shark
|
|}

=== Crustaceans ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | [[Crustacean]]s of the Irati Formation
|-
! Genus
! Species
! Location
! Stratigraphic position
! Material
! Notes
! Images
|-
| ''[[Iraticaris]]''
| ''I. damiani''
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Myelontordoxylon]]''
| ''M. camposii''
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Permocaris]]''
| ''P. purperae''
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Pittinucaris]]''
| ''P. wuerdigae''
|
|
|
|
|
|}

== See also ==
* {{C|Geology of Brazil}}
* {{C|Paleontological sites of Brazil}}
* [[Ganigobis Formation]]

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{citation |last=Da Costa |first=Guilherme Estevam |year=2015 |title=Fácies sedimentares e composição de folhelhos da Formação Irati (Eopermiano) da Bacia do Paraná na região de Bom Retiro, Leste de Santa Catarina |url=https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/159986/TCC%20%20Costa%2C%20G.E.%202015.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |publisher=[[Federal University of Santa Catarina|Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC]] |pages=1–67 |accessdate=2017-08-03}}
* {{citation |last=Diduch |first=Ana Paula |year=2011 |title=Descrição de Crustacea Malacostraca da Formação Irati, Permiano Superior, Bacia do Paraná, Brasil |url=http://acervodigital.ufpr.br/bitstream/handle/1884/31224/Monografia%20Anna%20Paula%20Diduch.pdf?sequence=1 |publisher=[[Federal University of Paraná|Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR]] |pages=1–52 |accessdate=2017-08-03}}
* {{citation |last1=Piñeiro |first1=G. |last2=Ramos |first2=A. |last3=Goso |first3=C.S. |last4=Scarabino |first4=F. |last5=Laurin |first5=M. |year=2012 |title=Unusual Environmental Conditions Preserve a Permian Mesosaur-Bearing Konservat-Lagerstätte from Uruguay |doi=10.4202/app.2010.0113 |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=1–299|doi-access=free }}
* {{citation |last1=Ventura Santos |first1=Roberto |last2=Souza |first2=Paulo A. |last3=Souza de Alvarenga |first3=Carlos José |last4=Luiz Dantas |first4=Elton |last5=Martins Pimentel |first5=Marcio |last6=Gouveia de Oliveira |first6=Claudinei |last7=Medeiros de Araújo |first7=Laury |year=2006 |title=Shrimp U–Pb zircon dating and palynology of bentonitic layers from the Permian Irati Formation, Paraná Basin, Brazil |url= |journal=[[Gondwana Research]] |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=456–463|doi=10.1016/j.gr.2005.12.001 |bibcode=2006GondR...9..456S }}

[[Category:Geologic formations of Brazil]]
[[Category:Paraná Basin|Formations]]
[[Category:Permian System of South America]]
[[Category:Cisuralian Series]]
[[Category:Permian Brazil]]
[[Category:Shale formations]]
[[Category:Sandstone formations]]
[[Category:Oil shale formations]]
[[Category:Oil shale in Brazil]]
[[Category:Permian southern paleotemperate deposits]]
[[Category:Geography of Goiás|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of Mato Grosso|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of Mato Grosso do Sul|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of Paraná (state)|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of Rio Grande do Sul|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of Santa Catarina (state)|Formations]]
[[Category:Geography of São Paulo (state)|Formations]]

Irati Formation - Revision history

imported>Volcanoguy: MOS:INFOBOXFLAG