imported>Drmccreedy: revert vandalism

2025-05-06T19:03:22Z

revert vandalism

New page

{{about|the Unicode block|the extensions to the IPA for disordered speech abbreviated ''extIPA''|Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet}}
{{for|a list of all phonetic characters encoded in Unicode|Phonetic symbols in Unicode}}
{{for|a list of all Latin characters encoded in Unicode|Latin script in Unicode}}
{{Infobox Unicode block
|blockname = IPA Extensions
|rangestart = 0250
|rangeend = 02AF
|script1 = [[Latin script|Latin]]
|alphabets = [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
|1_0_0 = 89
|3_0 = 5
|4_0 = 2
|note = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/ucd/|title=Unicode character database|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html|title=Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}</ref>
}}

'''IPA Extensions''' is a [[Unicode block|block]] (U+0250–U+02AF) of the [[Unicode]] standard that contains full size letters used in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA). Both modern and historical characters are included, as well as former and proposed IPA signs and non-IPA phonetic letters. Additional characters employed for phonetics, like the palatalization sign, are encoded in the blocks [[Phonetic Extensions (Unicode block)|Phonetic Extensions]] (1D00–1D7F) and [[Phonetic Extensions Supplement]] (1D80–1DBF). [[Diacritical marks|Diacritics]] are found in the [[Spacing Modifier Letters (Unicode block)|Spacing Modifier Letters]] (02B0–02FF) and [[Combining Diacritical Marks (Unicode block)|Combining Diacritical Marks]] (0300–036F) blocks. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was '''Standard Phonetic'''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode1.0.0/CodeCharts2.pdf |work=The Unicode Standard |version=Version 1.0 |title=3.8: Block-by-Block Charts |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127085251/https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode1.0.0/CodeCharts2.pdf |archive-date= Nov 27, 2023 }}</ref>

With the ability to use Unicode for the presentation of IPA symbols, [[Comparison of ASCII encodings of the International Phonetic Alphabet|ASCII-based systems]] such as [[X-SAMPA]] are being supplanted.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wells|first=John C.|year=2003|contribution=Phonetic symbols in word processing and on the web|editor1-last=Solé|editor1-first=Maria-Josep|editor2-last=Recasens|editor2-first=Daniel|editor3-last=Romero|editor3-first=Joaquín|title=Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences|location=Barcelona|chapter-url=https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_3105.pdf |publisher=International Phonetic Association |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022013913/https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_3105.pdf |archive-date= Oct 22, 2023 }}</ref> Within the Unicode blocks there are also a few [[Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet|former IPA character]]s no longer in international use by linguists.

==Character table==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Code
!Glyph
!HTML
!Unicode name
!IPA phonetic description / Status
!IPA No.
|-
| colspan=4 | [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA letters]]
|-
|U+0250
|{{center|[[ɐ]]}}
|&#592;
|Latin Small Letter Turned A
|[[Near-open central vowel]]
|324
|-
|U+0251
|{{center|[[ɑ]]}}
|&#593;
|Latin Small Letter Alpha
|[[Open back unrounded vowel]]
|305
|-
|U+0252
|{{center|[[ɒ]]}}
|&#594;
|Latin Small Letter Turned Alpha
|[[Open back rounded vowel]]
|313
|-
|U+0253
|{{center|[[ɓ]]}}
|&#595;
|Latin Small Letter B with Hook
|[[Voiced bilabial implosive]]
|160
|-
|U+0254
|{{center|[[ɔ]]}}
|&#596;
|Latin Small Letter Open O
|[[Open-mid back rounded vowel]]
|306
|-
|U+0255
|{{center|[[ɕ]]}}
|&#597;
|Latin Small Letter C with Curl
|[[Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative]]
|182
|-
|U+0256
|{{center|[[ɖ]]}}
|&#598;
|Latin Small Letter D with Tail
|[[Voiced retroflex plosive]]
|106
|-
|U+0257
|{{center|[[ɗ]]}}
|&#599;
|Latin Small Letter D with Hook
|[[Voiced alveolar implosive]]
|162
|-
|U+0258
|{{center|[[ɘ]]}}
|&#600;
|Latin Small Letter Reversed E
|[[Close-mid central unrounded vowel]]
|397
|-
|U+0259
|{{center|[[ə]]}}
|&#601;
|Latin Small Letter [[Schwa]]
|[[Mid central vowel]]
|322
|-
|U+025A
|{{center|[[ɚ]]}}
|&#602;
|Latin Small Letter [[Schwa]] with Hook
|[[R-colored vowel|Rhotacized]] [[mid central vowel]]
|327
|-
|U+025B
|{{center|[[ɛ]]}}
|&#603;
|Latin Small Letter Open E
|[[Open-mid front unrounded vowel]]
|303
|-
|U+025C
|{{center|[[Open-mid central unrounded vowel|ɜ]]}}
|&#604;
|Latin Small Letter Reversed Open E
|[[Open-mid central unrounded vowel]]
|326
|-
|U+025D
|{{center|[[ɝ]]}}
|&#605;
|Latin Small Letter Reversed Open E with Hook
|[[R-colored vowel|Rhotacized]] [[open-mid central unrounded vowel]]
|
|-
|U+025E
|{{center|[[ɞ]]}}
|&#606;
|Latin Small Letter Closed Reversed Open E
|[[Open-mid central rounded vowel]]
|395
|-
|U+025F
|{{center|[[ɟ]]}}
|&#607;
|Latin Small Letter Dotless J with Stroke
|[[Voiced palatal plosive]]
|108
|-
|U+0260
|{{center|[[ɠ]]}}
|&#608;
|Latin Small Letter G with Hook
|[[Voiced velar implosive]]
|166
|-
|U+0261
|{{center|[[ɡ]]}}
|&#609;
|Latin Small Letter Script G
|[[Voiced velar plosive]]
|110
|-
|U+0262
|{{center|[[ɢ]]}}
|&#610;
|Latin Letter Small Capital G
|[[Voiced uvular plosive]]
|112
|-
|U+0263
|{{center|[[ɣ]]}}
|&#611;
|Latin Small Letter Gamma
|[[Voiced velar fricative]]
|141
|-
|U+0264
|{{center|[[ɤ]]}}
|&#612;
|Latin Small Letter Rams Horn
|[[Close-mid back unrounded vowel]]
|315
|-
|U+0265
|{{center|[[Voiced labial–palatal approximant|ɥ]]}}
|&#613;
|Latin Small Letter Turned H
|[[Labial-palatal approximant]]
|171
|-
|U+0266
|{{center|[[ɦ]]}}
|&#614;
|Latin Small Letter H with Hook
|[[Voiced glottal fricative]]
|147
|-
|U+0267
|{{center|[[ɧ]]}}
|&#615;
|Latin Small Letter Heng with Hook
|Swedish [[sj-sound]]. Similar to: [[voiceless postalveolar fricative]], [[voiceless velar fricative]]
|175
|-
|U+0268
|{{center|[[ɨ]]}}
|&#616;
|Latin Small Letter I with Stroke
|[[Close central unrounded vowel]]
|317
|-
|U+0269
|{{center|[[ɩ]]}}
|&#617;
|Latin Small Letter Iota
|Pre-1989 form of "ɪ" ''([[Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet|obsolete]])''
|399
|-
|U+026A
|{{center|[[ɪ]]}}
|&#618;
|Latin Letter Small Capital I
|[[Near-close near-front unrounded vowel]]
|319
|-
|U+026B
|{{center|[[ɫ]]}}
|&#619;
|Latin Small Letter L with Middle Tilde
|[[Velarization|Velar]]/[[Pharyngealization|pharyngeal]] [[alveolar lateral approximant]]
|209
|-
|U+026C
|{{center|[[ɬ]]}}
|&#620;
|Latin Small Letter L with Belt
|[[Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative]]
|148
|-
|U+026D
|{{center|[[ɭ]]}}
|&#621;
|Latin Small Letter L with Retroflex Hook
|[[Retroflex lateral approximant]]
|156
|-
|U+026E
|{{center|[[ɮ]]}}
|&#622;
|Latin Small Letter [[Voiced dental and alveolar lateral fricatives|Lezh]]
|[[Voiced alveolar lateral fricative]]
|149
|-
|U+026F
|{{center|[[ɯ]]}}
|&#623;
|Latin Small Letter Turned M
|[[Close back unrounded vowel]]
|316
|-
|U+0270
|{{center|[[ɰ]]}}
|&#624;
|Latin Small Letter Turned M with Long Leg
|[[Velar approximant]]
|154
|-
|U+0271
|{{center|[[ɱ]]}}
|&#625;
|Latin Small Letter M with Hook
|[[Labiodental nasal]]
|115
|-
|U+0272
|{{center|[[ɲ]]}}
|&#626;
|Latin Small Letter N with Left Hook
|[[Palatal nasal]]
|118
|-
|U+0273
|{{center|[[ɳ]]}}
|&#627;
|Latin Small Letter N with Retroflex Hook
|[[Retroflex nasal]]
|117
|-
|U+0274
|{{center|[[ɴ]]}}
|&#628;
|Latin Letter Small Capital N
|[[Uvular nasal]]
|120
|-
|U+0275
|{{center|[[ɵ]]}}
|&#629;
|Latin Small Letter Barred O
|[[Close-mid central rounded vowel]]
|323
|-
|U+0276
|{{center|[[ɶ]]}}
|&#630;
|Latin Letter Small Capital OE
|[[Open front rounded vowel]]
|312
|-
|U+0277
|{{center|[[ɷ]]}}
|&#631;
|Latin Small Letter Closed Omega
|Pre-1989 form of "ʊ" ''([[Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet|obsolete]])''
|398
|-
|U+0278
|{{center|[[ɸ]]}}
|&#632;
|Latin Small Letter Phi
|[[Voiceless bilabial fricative]]
|126
|-
|U+0279
|{{center|[[ɹ]]}}
|&#633;
|Latin Small Letter Turned R
|[[Alveolar approximant]]
|151
|-
|U+027A
|{{center|[[ɺ]]}}
|&#634;
|Latin Small Letter Turned R with Long Leg
|[[Alveolar lateral flap]]
|181
|-
|U+027B
|{{center|[[ɻ]]}}
|&#635;
|Latin Small Letter Turned R with Hook
|[[Retroflex approximant]]
|152
|-
|U+027C
|{{center|[[ɼ]]}}
|&#636;
|Latin Small Letter R with Long Leg
|[[Alveolar trill]]
|206
|-
|U+027D
|{{center|[[ɽ]]}}
|&#637;
|Latin Small Letter R with Tail
|[[Retroflex flap]]
|125
|-
|U+027E
|{{center|[[ɾ]]}}
|&#638;
|Latin Small Letter R with Fishhook
|[[Alveolar tap]]
|124
|-
|U+027F
|{{center|[[ɿ]]}}
|&#639;
|Latin Small Letter Reversed R with Fishhook
|[[Syllabic consonant|Syllabic]] [[voiced alveolar fricative]] (Sinologist usage)
|
|-
|U+0280
|{{center|[[ʀ]]}}
|&#640;
|Latin Letter Small Capital R
|[[Uvular trill]]
|123
|-
|U+0281
|{{center|[[ʁ]]}}
|&#641;
|Latin Letter Small Capital Inverted R
|[[Voiced uvular fricative]]
|143
|-
|U+0282
|{{center|[[ʂ]]}}
|&#642;
|Latin Small Letter S with Hook
|[[Voiceless retroflex fricative]]
|136
|-
|U+0283
|{{center|[[ʃ]]}}
|&#643;
|Latin Small Letter Esh
|[[Voiceless postalveolar fricative]]
|134
|-
|U+0284
|{{center|[[ʄ]]}}
|&#644;
|Latin Small Letter Dotless J with Stroke and Hook
|[[Voiced palatal implosive]]
|164
|-
|U+0285
|{{center|[[ʅ]]}}
|&#645;
|Latin Small Letter Squat Reversed Esh
|[[Syllabic consonant|Syllabic]] [[voiced retroflex fricative]] (Sinologist usage)
|
|-
|U+0286
|{{center|[[ʆ]]}}
|&#646;
|Latin Small Letter Esh with Curl
|[[Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative]] (obsolete)
|204
|-
|U+0287
|{{center|[[ʇ]]}}
|&#647;
|Latin Small Letter Turned T
|[[Dental click]] (obsolete)
|201
|-
|U+0288
|{{center|[[ʈ]]}}
|&#648;
|Latin Small Letter T with Retroflex Hook
|[[Voiceless retroflex plosive]]
|105
|-
|U+0289
|{{center|[[ʉ]]}}
|&#649;
|Latin Small Letter U Bar
|[[Close central rounded vowel]]
|318
|-
|U+028A
|{{center|[[ʊ]]}}
|&#650;
|Latin Small Letter Upsilon
|[[Near-close near-back rounded vowel]]
|321
|-
|U+028B
|{{center|[[ʋ]]}}
|&#651;
|Latin Small Letter V with Hook
|[[Labiodental approximant]]
|150
|-
|U+028C
|{{center|[[ʌ]]}}
|&#652;
|Latin Small Letter Turned V
|[[Open-mid back unrounded vowel]]
|314
|-
|U+028D
|{{center|[[ʍ]]}}
|&#653;
|Latin Small Letter Turned W
|[[Voiceless labiovelar approximant]]
|169
|-
|U+028E
|{{center|[[ʎ]]}}
|&#654;
|Latin Small Letter Turned Y
|[[Palatal lateral approximant]]
|157
|-
|U+028F
|{{center|[[ʏ]]}}
|&#655;
|Latin Letter Small Capital Y
|[[Near-close near-front rounded vowel]]
|320
|-
|U+0290
|{{center|[[ʐ]]}}
|&#656;
|Latin Small Letter Z with Retroflex Hook
|[[Voiced retroflex fricative]]
|137
|-
|U+0291
|{{center|[[ʑ]]}}
|&#657;
|Latin Small Letter Z with Curl
|[[Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative]]
|183
|-
|U+0292
|{{center|[[ʒ]]}}
|&#658;
|Latin Small Letter [[Ezh]]
|[[Voiced postalveolar fricative]]
|135
|-
|U+0293
|{{center|[[ʓ]]}}
|&#659;
|Latin Small Letter [[Ezh]] with Curl
|[[Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative]] (obsolete)
|205
|-
|U+0294
|{{center|[[ʔ]]}}
|&#660;
|Latin Letter [[Glottal stop|Glottal Stop]]
|[[Glottal stop]]
|113
|-
|U+0295
|{{center|[[ʕ]]}}
|&#661;
|Latin Letter [[Voiced pharyngeal fricative|Pharyngeal Voiced Fricative]]
|[[Voiced pharyngeal fricative]]
|145
|-
|U+0296
|{{center|[[ʖ]]}}
|&#662;
|Latin Letter Inverted [[Glottal stop|Glottal Stop]]
|[[Alveolar lateral click]] (obsolete)
|203
|-
|U+0297
|{{center|[[ʗ]]}}
|&#663;
|Latin Letter Stretched C
|[[Postalveolar click]] (obsolete)
|202
|-
|U+0298
|{{center|[[ʘ]]}}
|&#664;
|Latin Letter [[Bilabial click|Bilabial Click]]
|[[Bilabial click]]
|176
|-
|U+0299
|{{center|[[ʙ]]}}
|&#665;
|Latin Letter Small Capital B
|[[Bilabial trill]]
|121
|-
|U+029A
|{{center|[[ʚ]]}}
|&#666;
|Latin Small Letter Closed Open E
|[[Open-mid central rounded vowel]]
|396
|-
|U+029B
|{{center|[[ʛ]]}}
|&#667;
|Latin Letter Small Capital G with Hook
|[[Voiced uvular implosive]]
|168
|-
|U+029C
|{{center|[[ʜ]]}}
|&#668;
|Latin Letter Small Capital H
|[[Voiceless epiglottal fricative]]
|172
|-
|U+029D
|{{center|[[ʝ]]}}
|&#669;
|Latin Small Letter J with Crossed Tail
|[[Voiced palatal fricative]]
|139
|-
|U+029E
|{{center|[[ʞ]]}}
|&#670;
|Latin Small Letter Turned K
|[[Velar click]] (obsolete)
|291
|-
|U+029F
|{{center|[[ʟ]]}}
|&#671;
|Latin Letter Small Capital L
|[[Velar lateral approximant]]
|158
|-
|U+02A0
|{{center|[[ʠ]]}}
|&#672;
|Latin Small Letter Q with Hook
|"Voiceless" [[uvular implosive]] (obsolete)
|167
|-
|U+02A1
|{{center|[[ʡ]]}}
|&#673;
|Latin Letter [[Glottal stop|Glottal Stop]] with Stroke
|[[Epiglottal plosive]]
|173
|-
|U+02A2
|{{center|[[ʢ]]}}
|&#674;
|Latin Letter Reversed [[Glottal stop|Glottal Stop]] with Stroke
|[[Voiced epiglottal fricative]]
|174
|-
|U+02A3
|{{center|[[ʣ]]}}
|&#675;
|Latin Small Letter DZ Digraph
|[[Voiced alveolar affricate]] (obsolete)
|212
|-
|U+02A4
|{{center|[[ʤ]]}}
|&#676;
|Latin Small Letter Dezh Digraph
|[[Voiced postalveolar affricate]] (obsolete)
|214
|-
|U+02A5
|{{center|[[ʥ]]}}
|&#677;
|Latin Small Letter DZ Digraph with Curl
|[[Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate]] (obsolete)
|216
|-
|U+02A6
|{{center|[[ʦ]]}}
|&#678;
|Latin Small Letter TS Digraph
|[[Voiceless alveolar affricate]] (obsolete)
|211
|-
|U+02A7
|{{center|[[ʧ]]}}
|&#679;
|Latin Small Letter Tesh Digraph
|[[Voiceless postalveolar affricate]] (obsolete)
|213
|-
|U+02A8
|{{center|[[ʨ]]}}
|&#680;
|Latin Small Letter TC Digraph with Curl
|[[Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate]] (obsolete)
|215
|-
| colspan=4 | [[Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA characters for disordered speech]]
|-
|U+02A9
|{{center|[[ʩ]]}}
|&#681;
|Latin Small Letter Feng Digraph
|[[Velopharyngeal fricative]]
|602
|-
|U+02AA
|{{center|[[ʪ]]}}
|&#682;
|Latin Small Letter LS Digraph
|[[Voiceless grooved lateral alveolar fricative]]
|603
|-
|U+02AB
|{{center|[[ʫ]]}}
|&#683;
|Latin Small Letter LZ Digraph
|[[Voiced grooved lateral alveolar fricative]]
|604
|-
|U+02AC
|{{center|[[ʬ]]}}
|&#684;
|Latin Letter [[Bilabial percussive|Bilabial Percussive]]
|[[Bilabial percussive]]
|
|-
|U+02AD
|{{center|[[ʭ]]}}
|&#685;
|Latin Letter [[Bidental percussive|Bidental Percussive]]
|[[Bidental percussive]]
|601
|-
| colspan=4 | Additions for [[Sinology]]
|-
|U+02AE
|{{center|[[ʮ]]}}
|&#686;
|Latin Small Letter Turned H with Fishhook
|[[Syllabic consonant|Syllabic]] [[labialized]] [[voiced alveolar fricative]] (Sinologist usage)
|
|-
|U+02AF
|{{center|[[ʯ]]}}
|&#687;
|Latin Small Letter Turned H with Fishhook and Tail
|[[Syllabic consonant|Syllabic]] [[labialized]] [[voiced retroflex fricative]] (Sinologist usage) 
|
|}

==Subheadings==
The IPA Extensions block contains only three subheadings, each associated with a set of characters encoded in a different version of Unicode, IPA extensions, IPA characters for disordered speech, and Additions for Sinology.<ref name=charts>{{cite web|title=Unicode 6.2 code charts|url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/6.2.0/charts/CodeCharts.pdf|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=1 April 2013}}</ref>

===IPA extensions===
The IPA extensions are the first 89 characters of the IPA Extensions block, which includes Latin character variants and Greek borrowings that are regularly used only in IPA contexts.<ref name=charts /> The characters of the IPA extensions subheading were part of the original Unicode 1.0.

===IPA characters for disordered speech===
The [[Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet|extIPA]] characters for disordered speech are additions to the IPA for phonemes that do not occur in natural languages, but are needed for recording pre-linguistic utterances by babies, gibberish from otherwise lingual individuals, and other non-linguistic but phonetic utterances.<ref name=charts /> The IPA characters for disordered speech were added to the IPA Extensions block in Unicode version 3.0.

===Additions for Sinology===
The Additions for Sinology are two [[Sinological extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet|additional symbols]] for phonemic transcription of the languages of China.<ref name=charts /> The Additions for Sinology were added to the IPA Extensions block in Unicode version 4.0.

==Compact table==
{{Unicode chart IPA Extensions}}

==History==

The IPA Extensions block has been present in Unicode since version 1.0, and was unchanged through the unification with [[ISO 10646]]. The block was filled out with extensions for representing disordered speech in version 3.0, and Sinological phonetic symbols in version 4.0.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Unicode Standard Version 1.0, Volume 1|orig-year=1990|year=1991|publisher=Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.|isbn=0-201-56788-1}}</ref>

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the IPA Extensions block:

{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed sticky-header"
|-
! [[Unicode#Versions|Version]] !! {{nobr|Final code points<ref group=lower-alpha name=final/>}} !! Count !! [[Unicode Consortium|UTC]] ID !! [[International Committee for Information Technology Standards|L2]] ID !! [[ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2|WG2]] ID !! Document
|-
| rowspan="12" | 1.0.0 || rowspan="10" | U+0250..0296 || rowspan="10" | 71 || || || || (to be determined)
|-
| || {{nobr|X3L2/95-090}} || {{nobr|[https://web.archive.org/web/20200215052615/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n1253.doc N1253 (doc],}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20200215052615/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n1253.txt txt]) || {{Citation|title=Unconfirmed Minutes of WG 2 Meeting # 28 in Helsinki, Finland; 1995-06-26--27|date=1995-09-09|first1=V. S.|last1=Umamaheswaran|first2=Mike|last2=Ksar|section=4.2}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2005/05212-ipa-codepoints.pdf L2/05-212]}} || || {{Citation|title=Background Information on IPA|date=2005-08-05|first=Mark|last=Davis|author-link=Mark Davis (Unicode)}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07022-027F0285v3.pdf L2/07-022]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3219.pdf N3219] || {{Citation|title=Glyph corrections for U+027F and U+0285 in TUS|date=2007-01-12|first1=Lorna|last1=Priest|first2=Greg|last2=Aumann}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07015.htm L2/07-015]}} || || {{Citation|title=UTC #110 Minutes|date=2007-02-08|first=Lisa|last=Moore|section=Glyph corrections for U+027F and U+0285 (C.7)}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07268-n3253.pdf L2/07-268]}} || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.pdf N3253 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3253.doc doc]) || {{Citation|title=Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007-04-24/27|date=2007-07-26|first=V. S.|last=Umamaheswaran|section=M50.5 (Phonetic characters glyph correction) [U+027F, U+0285]}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10268-nawdm.pdf L2/10-268]}} || || {{Citation|title=Annotation additions resulting from encoding LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH HOOK|date=2010-07-29|first=Lorna|last=Priest}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22071-revise-glyphs.pdf L2/22-071]}} || || {{Citation|title=Proposal to revise the glyphs of LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED OPEN E and LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED REVERSED OPEN E [U+025E, 029A]|date=2022-02-08|first=Denis Moyogo|last=Jacquerye}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22068-script-adhoc-rept.pdf L2/22-068]}} || || {{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #171 April 2022 on Script Proposals|date=2022-04-15|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Roozbeh|last3=Pournader|first4=Peter|last4=Constable|section=1c Latin Small Letter Closed Open E etc.}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22061.htm L2/22-061]}} || || {{Citation|title=Approved Minutes of UTC Meeting 171|date=2022-07-27|first=Peter|last=Constable|section=Consensus 171-C16|quote=Accept the glyph changes for U+025E LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED REVERSED OPEN E and U+029A LATIN SMALL LETTER CLOSED OPEN E for correction in a future version of the standard.}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | U+0297..02A8 || rowspan="2" | 18 || {{nobr|UTC/1991-047}} || || || {{Citation|title=Extended Latin, Standard Phonetic, Modifier Letters, General Diacritical Marks, Greek, Cyrillic|first=Joe|last=Becker|author-link=Joe Becker (Unicode)}}
|-
| {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1991-UTC/UTC46-draft.txt UTC/1991-048B]}} || || || {{Citation|title=Draft Minutes from the UTC meeting #46 day 2, 3/27 at Apple|date=1991-03-27|first=Ken|last=Whistler|section=IPA additions}}
|-
| rowspan="7" | 3.0 || rowspan="7" | U+02A9..02AD || rowspan="7" | 5 || || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1998/98209-n1742.pdf L2/98-209]}} || [https://web.archive.org/web/20200215052615/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n1742.pdf N1742] || {{Citation|title=Additional IPA characters for the UCS|date=1998-05-25|first=Michael|last=Everson|author-link=Michael Everson}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1998/98293.htm L2/98-293]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1885.pdf N1885] || {{Citation|title=Comments on proposals to add various characters to ISO/IEC 10646|date=1998-08-25|section=2.2}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999/n1845.pdf L2/98-299]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1845-ipa.pdf N1845] || {{Citation|title=Additional IPA "disturbed speech" characters for the UCS|date=1998-09-08|first=Michael|last=Everson}}
|-
| || {{nobr|L2/98-301}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1847.pdf N1847] || {{Citation|title=Responses to NCITS/L2 and Unicode Consortium comments on numerous proposals|date=1998-09-12|first=Michael|last=Everson}}
|-
| || {{nobr|L2/98-372}} || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1884.pdf N1884R2 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1884.doc doc]) || {{Citation|title=Additional Characters for the UCS|date=1998-09-22|first1=Ken|last1=Whistler|display-authors=etal}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1998/02n3210.pdf L2/98-329]}} || [https://web.archive.org/web/20200215052615/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n1920_02n3210_text_pdam_30_addlatin.pdf N1920] || {{Citation|title=Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 30, AMENDMENT 30: Additional Latin and other characters|date=1998-10-28}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L1999/n1903.rtf L2/99-010]}} || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1903.pdf N1903 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1903.htm html], [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n1903w97.doc doc]) || {{Citation|title=Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25|date=1998-12-30|first=V. S.|last=Umamaheswaran|section=8.2.10}}
|-
| rowspan="4" | 4.0 || rowspan="4" | U+02AE..02AF || rowspan="4" | 2 || || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01272-n2366.pdf L2/01-272]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2366.pdf N2366] || {{Citation|title=Proposal to add five phonetic characters to the UCS|date=2001-07-02|first1=Richard|last1=Cook|first2=Michael|last2=Everson}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/consortium/utc-minutes/UTC-088-200108.html L2/01-295R]}} || || {{Citation|title=Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting #88|date=2001-11-06|first=Lisa|last=Moore}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2001/01347-n2366r.pdf L2/01-347]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2366r.pdf N2366R] || {{Citation|title=Proposal to add six phonetic characters to the UCS|date=2001-09-20|first1=Richard|last1=Cook|first2=Michael|last2=Everson}}
|-
| || {{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02154-n2403-minutes.pdf L2/02-154]}} || [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n2403.pdf N2403] || {{Citation|title=Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore, 2001-10-15/19|date=2002-04-22|first=V. S.|last=Umamaheswaran}}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="7" | {{reflist|group=lower-alpha|refs=<ref name=final>Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names</ref>}}
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Unicode navigation}}

[[Category:Latin-script Unicode blocks]]
[[Category:International Phonetic Alphabet|Extensions]]
[[Category:Unicode blocks]]

IPA Extensions - Revision history

imported>Drmccreedy: revert vandalism