imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: /* External links */ add Category:20th-century American sportsmen

2024-12-29T10:24:07Z

External links: add Category:20th-century American sportsmen

New page

{{short description|Equestrian and Army U.S. Army brigadier general}}
{{about||the inventor of the Chamberlin keyboard instrument |Chamberlin|the New Zealand cricketer|Harry Chamberlain}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
|name = Harry Chamberlin
|image = Harry D. Chamberlin (US Army brigadier general).jpg
|alt = Head and shoulders portrait of Brigadier General Harry Chamberlin as commander of the 4th Cavalry Brigade in 1941
|caption = Chamberlin as commander of the 4th Cavalry Brigade at Camp Funston in 1941
|birth_date = {{birth date|1887|05|19}}
|birth_place = [[Elgin, Illinois]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1944|09|29|1887|05|19}}
|death_place = [[San Francisco]], [[California]]
|placeofburial = Post Cemetery, [[Presidio of Monterey, California]]
|allegiance = [[United States]]
|branch = [[United States Army]]
|serviceyears = 1910-1944
|rank = [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]]
|servicenumber = O-2848
|unit = [[United States Cavalry|Cavalry Branch]]
|commands = 1st Squadron, [[8th Cavalry Regiment]] 1st Squadron, [[14th Cavalry Regiment]] 10th Forestry District, [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] [[2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States)|2nd Cavalry Regiment]] Cavalry Replacement Center, [[Fort Riley]] [[4th Cavalry Brigade (United States)|4th Cavalry Brigade]], [[2nd Cavalry Division (United States)|2nd Cavalry Division]] [[New Hebrides]] Task Force Southwestern Security District [[Fort Ord]]
|battles = [[Moro Rebellion]] [[Pancho Villa Expedition]] [[World War I]] [[World War II]]
|awards = [[Military Cross (Belgium)]]<ref name="Rites"/>
|spouse = Sally Garlington (m. 1912-1933, divorced) Helen Elena Bradman (m. 1933-1944, his death)
|children = 2
|relations = [[Ernest Albert Garlington]] (father-in-law)
|signature = Signature of Harry Dwight Chamberlin (1887–1944).png
}}
{{MedalTop}}
{{MedalSport|[[Equestrian at the Summer Olympics|Equestrian]]}}
{{MedalCountry|the {{USA}}}}
{{MedalGold|[[1932 Summer Olympics|1932 Los Angeles]] | [[Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Team eventing|Team eventing]]}}
{{MedalSilver|1932 Los Angeles | [[Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping|Individual show jumping]]}}
{{MedalBottom}}

'''Harry Dwight Chamberlin''' (May 19, 1887 – September 29, 1944) was a career officer in the [[United States Army]]. A veteran of the [[Moro Rebellion]], [[Pancho Villa Expedition]], [[World War I]], and [[World War II]], he attained the rank of [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]], and was most notable for his command of several Cavalry units, including 1st Squadron, [[8th Cavalry Regiment]], 1st Squadron, [[14th Cavalry Regiment]], [[2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States)|2nd Cavalry Regiment]], the Cavalry Replacement Center at [[Fort Riley]], and [[4th Cavalry Brigade (United States)|4th Cavalry Brigade]], [[2nd Cavalry Division (United States)|2nd Cavalry Division]]. During World War II, he commanded the [[New Hebrides]] Task Force, Southwestern Security District, and [[Fort Ord]].

Chamberlin was also a notable equestrian, and participated in several Olympic games. His most noteworthy success came in 1932, when the U.S. contingent won the gold medal in [[Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Team eventing|Team eventing]] and Chamberlin won the silver medal in [[Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping|Individual show jumping]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/11743 |title=Harry Chamberlin |work=Olympedia |access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref>

==Early life==
Harry D. Chamberlin was born in [[Elgin, Illinois]] on May 19, 1887, the son of Cora L. (Orth) Chamberlin and Dwight A. Chamberlin, a longtime member of the [[Kane County, Illinois|Kane County]] Board of Supervisors.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 16, 1923 |title=Dwight Chamberlin Is Dead At Elgin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78625785/chamberlin-dead/ |work=Republican-Northwestern |location=Belvidere, IL |page=5 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref name="Review">{{cite book |date=1941 |title=Historical and Pictorial Review, 9th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Cavalry Division |url=https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LWSK-FRM/harry-dwight-chamberlin-1887-1944 |location=Baton Rouge, LA |publisher=The Army and Navy Publishing Company |page=27 |via=[[FamilySearch]]}}</ref> He attended the schools of Elgin and graduated from [[Elgin High School (Illinois)|Elgin High School]] in 1905.<ref name="Elgin">{{cite web |url=http://www.eshof.org/HOF%20Inductees/Chamberlin,%20Harry.html |title=Harry Chamberlin: Elgin High School Class of 1905 |date=2006 |website=Elgin Sports Hall of Fame |publisher=Elgin Sports Hall of Fame Foundation |location=Elgin, IL |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref> From 1905 to 1906, Chamberlin was a student at the [[Elgin Academy (Elgin, Illinois)|Elgin Academy]].<ref>{{cite book |date=1950 |title=Who Was Who In America |volume=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lr9qAAAAMAAJ&q=%22student+Elgin+Acad+.+,+1905+-+06+%22 |location=Chicago, IL |publisher=Marquis Who's Who |page=109 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>

Chamberlin was appointed to the [[United States Military Academy]] in 1906.<ref name="Biographical1910">{{cite book |last=Cullum |first=George Washington |author-link=George Washington Cullum |editor-last=Braden |editor-first=Charles |date=1910 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy |volume=V |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bPpMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA843 |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |page=1843 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> While at West Point, Chamberlin was a member of the track and boxing teams, played halfback on the football team, and was his class representative to the student athletic council.<ref name="Rites">{{cite news |date=October 6, 1944 |title=Funeral Rites Conducted for Brig. Gen. Chamberlin |url=https://home.army.mil/monterey/application/files/4515/9174/3917/Chamberlin.pdf |work=News of the Week |location=Fort Ord, CA |page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=United States Military Academy |date=1909 |title=The Howitzer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b9agAAAAMAAJ&q=harry+chamberlin+west+point+student+athletic+council |location=Philadelphia, PA |publisher=Hoskins Press |page=143 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> A highlight of Chamberlin's football career was his pickup of a fumbled Navy punt and 92 yard return during the [[1908 Army Cadets football team|1908 Army-Navy game]], which set up his three-yard run for the touchdown that enabled Army's 6–4 victory.<ref>{{cite news |last=Navy Athletics |date=December 7, 2018 |title=Recaps of every Army-Navy football contest |url=https://www.recordonline.com/sports/20181207/recaps-of-every-army-navy-football-contest |work=[[Times Herald-Record]] |location=Middletown, NY}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 29, 1908 |title=West Point 6; Annapolis 4 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78740831/army-navy-game/ |work=[[The Sun (New York City)|The Sun]] |location=New York, NY |page=6 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

In 1910, Chamberlin graduated and was ranked 29th of 83.<ref name="Biographical1910"/> He received his commission as a [[Second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenant]] of [[United States Cavalry|Cavalry]] and was assigned to the [[7th Cavalry Regiment]].<ref name="Biographical1910"/>

==Start of career==
Chamberlin served with the 7th Cavalry at [[Fort Riley]], [[Kansas]] until 1911, when the regiment was posted to [[Fort Bonifacio|Fort William McKinley]], [[Philippines]] during the [[Moro Rebellion]].<ref name="Review"/> In 1914, Chamberlin returned to the United States and was assigned to the [[5th Cavalry Regiment]] at [[Fort Sheridan, Illinois]].<ref name="Review"/> Later that year, he was posted to Fort Riley's Mounted Service School.<ref name="Review"/> Chamberlin completed the school's first and second year courses, and remained at Fort Riley until March 1916.<ref name="Review"/>

After graduating from the Mounted Service School, Chamberlin returned to the 5th Cavalry, which he joined in [[Columbus, New Mexico]].<ref name="Review"/> He remained in the Columbus area until August as part of the U.S. military's [[Pancho Villa Expedition]].<ref name="Review"/> He was promoted to [[First lieutenant#U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Air Force, and U.S. Space Force|first lieutenant]] in July 1916.<ref name="Review"/> In October 1916, Chamberlin was assigned to West Point as an instructor in the Department of Tactics.<ref name="Review"/> In May 1917, he received promotion to [[Captain (United States O-3)|captain]].<ref name="Review"/>

==World War I==
In June 1918, Chamberlin was assigned to the [[152d Depot Brigade (United States)|152d Depot Brigade]] at [[Camp Upton]], [[New York (state)|New York]] and promoted to temporary [[Major (United States)|major]].<ref name="Biographical1920">{{cite book |last=Cullum |first=George Washington |author-link=George Washington Cullum |editor-last=Robinson |editor-first=Wirt |date=1920 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy |volume=VI-B |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf1AAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1484 |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |pages=1484–1485 |isbn=}}</ref> In July, he was appointed adjutant of the 161st Infantry Brigade, a unit of the [[81st Infantry Division (United States)|81st Division]].<ref name="Biographical1920"/> After training in France during the summer of 1918, the 81st Division was assigned to the front lines near [[Saint-Dié-des-Vosges]] in September 1918.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> In November, Chamberlin's brigade was assigned to the front lines in the [[Sommedieue]] sector, where it remained until the end of the war.<ref name="Biographical1920"/>

After the war, Chamberlin remained in France as an instructor at [[First United States Army]]'s School for the Care of Animals.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> From February to March 1919, he was inspector of animal transportation on the First Army staff.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> In March and April, Chamberlin carried out an inspection trip in [[England]], [[France]], [[Belgium]], and [[Germany]], on which he visited British cavalry regiments and remount depots to learn their animal care techniques.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> He was promoted to temporary [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]] in April 1919.<ref name="Biographical1920"/>

==Post-World War I==
During the spring of 1919, Chamberlin trained in [[Koblenz]] prior to participating in the [[Inter-Allied Games]], which took place in [[Paris]] that summer.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> Chamberlin was a member of the U.S. equestrian team, and placed second in the individual championship.<ref name="Review"/> In August 1919, he was assigned as an instructor at the Cavalry School and posted to Fort Riley.<ref name="Biographical1920"/> In September, he was returned to his permanent rank of [[Captain (United States O-3)|captain]].<ref name="Biographical1920"/>

In 1920, Chamberlin was a member of the U.S. equestrian team that took part in [[1920 Summer Olympics|the Olympic games]] which were held in [[Antwerp]], [[Belgium]].<ref name="Review"/> He participated in both the Three Day Event, a military competition and the Prix de Nations (Prize of Nations), an individual show jumping contest.<ref name="Review"/> In July 1920, Chamberlin was promoted to major.<ref name="Review"/>

==Continued career==
After the 1920 Olympics, Chamberlin continued on the staff of the Cavalry School until 1922, when he was selected to attend the [[Saumur Cavalry School]] in France.<ref name="Review"/> After graduating in early 1923, he enrolled in the Italian Cavalry School at [[Tor di Quinto]], where he completed the program of instruction in late 1923.<ref name="Review"/> While in Italy, he was introduced to the [[forward seat]], which became knows as the 'Chamberlin seat' in America and which now dominates [[show hunter|hunter]] and [[show jumping|jumper]] equestrian events.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 11, 2019 |title=ANRC—A History |url=http://anrc.org/anrc-a-history/ |work=ANRC.org |publisher=American National Riding Commission |location=Leesburg, VA |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref> During his return to the United States, Chamberlin spent time in England during 1924 as an observer at the [[Army School of Equitation]], [[Weedon Bec|Weedon]].<ref name="Review"/>

From 1925 to 1926, Chamberlin commanded 1st Squadron, [[8th Cavalry Regiment]] at [[Fort Bliss]], [[Texas]].<ref name="Review"/> Chamberlin was an accomplished [[polo]] player and was captain of the Army team that won the U.S. Junior Championship in 1926.<ref name="Review"/> From 1926 to 1927, Chamberlin attended the [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]], and he completed the course as an honor graduate.<ref name="Review"/> After graduating, he was assigned to the [[9th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|9th Cavalry Regiment]] at Fort Riley.<ref name="Review"/> In 1927, he trained the [[Equestrian at the 1928 Summer Olympics|1928 Olympic Team]], which he captained.<ref name="Matha">{{cite magazine |last=Matha |first=Warren C. |date=July 13, 2020 |title=The Evening Before Major Chamberlin's Ride |url=https://practicalhorsemanmag.com/personalities/the-evening-before-major-chamberlins-ride |magazine=[[Practical Horseman]] |location=Gaithersburg, MD |publisher=[[Active Interest Media]] |access-date=}}</ref> Chamberlin finished 21st in the event competition and 18th individually in the jumping competition.<ref name="Matha"/> Overall, the U.S. team placed 8th of 16.<ref name="Matha"/>

From 1929 to 1932, Chamberlin was captain of the U.S. Equestrian Team.<ref name="Review"/> He competed at the [[Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics|1932 Olympic Games]], again as a member of the event and jumping teams.<ref name="Review"/> In the eventing competition, he finished fourth, while the U.S. team was first overall and won its first-ever gold medal.<ref name="Review"/><ref name="Laffaye">{{cite book |last=Laffaye |first=Horace A. |date=2011 |title=Polo in the United States: A History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bA8m29zYOU4C&pg=PA75 |location=Jefferson, NC |publisher=McFarland & Company |page=75 |isbn=978-0-7864-8007-4 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> Chamberlin finished second in the individual jumping event and won the silver medal.<ref name="Laffaye"/>

==Later career==
Chamberlin attended the [[United States Army War College]] from 1932 to 1933.<ref name="Review"/> After graduating, he was assigned to command 1st Squadron, [[14th Cavalry Regiment]] at [[Fort Sheridan, Illinois]] and the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]]' [[Wisconsin]]-based 10th Forestry District.<ref name="Review"/><ref>{{cite news |date=February 23, 1934 |title=Back Legion's Program for Vets, Is Word |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78630496/legions-program/ |work=The Rhinelander Daily News |location=Rhinelander, WI |page=2 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> In November 1934, Chamberlin was promoted to [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|lieutenant colonel]].<ref name="Review"/> From 1936 to 1938, he was assistant chief of staff for operations, plans, and training (G-3) on the staff of the [[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]].<ref name="Review"/> From 1938 to 1939, he was the division's chief of staff, and in 1939, Chamberlin received promotion to [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]].<ref name="Review"/>

As the United States prepared for entry into [[World War II]], Chamberlin commanded the [[2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States)|2nd Cavalry Regiment]] at Fort Riley from 1939 to 1941.<ref name="Review"/> In April 1941, he was promoted to [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general]].<ref name="Review"/> From 1941 to 1942, Chamberlin commanded the [[4th Cavalry Brigade (United States)|4th Cavalry Brigade]] at Fort Riley.<ref name="Review"/>

In 1942, Chamberlin commanded the combined services task force which occupied [[New Hebrides]] and defended the islands against attack from Japan.<ref name="Unit">{{cite web |url=https://www.unithistories.com/officers/US_Army_officers_C01.html |title=US Army Officers 1939-1945: Harry D. Chamberlin |website=Unit Histories.com |publisher=Hans Houterman and Jeroen Koppes |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref> While serving in the Pacific theater, Chamberlin was taken ill and returned to California.<ref name="Rites"/><ref name="Unit"/> Doctors attempted to treat Chamberlin as he commanded first the Southwestern Security District and later [[Fort Ord]], but his illness proved to be terminal.<ref name="Rites"/><ref name="Unit"/>

==Death and burial==
Chamberlin died at the [[Presidio of San Francisco]]'s [[Letterman Army Hospital]] on September 29, 1944.<ref name="Rites"/> He was buried at the [[Presidio of Monterey, California]]'s post cemetery.<ref name="Rites"/>

==Career as author==
Chamberlin was the author of several books on horsemanship and horse training, including: ''Riding and Schooling Horses'' (1934); ''Training Hunters, Jumpers, and Hacks'' (1939); and ''Breaking, Training and Reclaiming Cavalry Horses'' (1941).<ref>{{cite magazine |date=June 1938 |title=Review: Training Hunters, Jumpers, and Jacks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IE3ljO0k8yMC&pg=PA141 |magazine=The Command and General Staff School Quarterly |location=Ft. Leavenworth, KS |publisher=The Command and General Staff School Press |page=141 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Chamberlin |first=Harry D. |date=1941 |title=Breaking, Training and Reclaiming Cavalry Horses |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TVD0GwAACAAJ |location=Fort Riley, KS |publisher=2nd Cavalry Division, U.S. Army |page=1 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>

==Family==
In 1912, Chamberlin married Sally Garlington, the daughter of [[Ernest Albert Garlington]].<ref>{{cite news |date=July 23, 1912 |title=Marriage Licenses |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78638000/marriage-licenses/ |work=[[The Washington Star]] |location=Washington, DC |page=13 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> They divorced in 1933, and later that year Chamberlin married Helen Elena Bradman, the daughter of [[United States Marine Corps]] Brigadier General Frederic L. Bradman.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 28, 1933 |title=Divorce Suits Filed, Decrees Granted |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78637281/divorce-suits/ |work=[[Reno Gazette-Journal|Nevada State Journal]] |location=Reno, NV |page=8 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref name="Dies">{{cite news |date=October 1, 1944 |title=Chamberlin Dies in S.F. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78637073/chamberlin-dies/ |work=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |location=San Francisco, CA |page=8 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> With his second wife, Chamberlin was the father of two children, Lydia and Frederika.<ref name="Dies"/>

During World War II, Sally Garlington Chamberlin was employed as General [[George C. Marshall]]'s private secretary.<ref>{{cite news |date=December 14, 1949 |title=Death Notice, Mrs. Sally Chamberlin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78638580/sally-chamberlin/ |work=[[The Dispatch / The Rock Island Argus|The Daily Dispatch]] |location=Moline, IL |page=3 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> Chamberlin's sister Marie E. Chamberlin was the wife of Army officer John Gray Thornell, who was killed while piloting the dirigible ''[[Roma (airship)|Roma]]'' in 1922 when it crashed in [[Norfolk, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite book |last=United States Military Academy Association of Graduates |date=1922 |title=Fifty-third Annual Report of the Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ksigAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA138 |location=Saginaw, MI |publisher=Seemann & Peters |pages=143–144 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>

==Legacy==
Fort Ord's Chamberlin Library, which was opened in 1970, is named for Harry Chamberlin and continues to serve as the library of the Monterey Peninsula's military community.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=April 17, 1970 |title=Chamberlin Library |url=https://home.army.mil/monterey/application/files/4515/9174/3917/Chamberlin.pdf |magazine=Panorama |location=Fort Ord, CA |publisher=Monterey Coast Pub. Co. |page=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.basedirectory.com/presidio-of-monterey-fort-ord-directory/chamberlin-library |title=Chamberlin Library |website=Base Directory.com |publisher=Tony Hatala |location=Boston, MA |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref> Chamberlin was inducted into the [[United States Show Jumping Hall of Fame]] in 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.showjumpinghalloffame.net/pdf/1990%20Harry%20D%20Chamberlain.pdf |title=Inductee: Harry D. Chamberlin |date=1990 |website=Show Jumping Hall of Fame.net |publisher=United States Show Jumping Hall of Fame |location=Lexington, KY |access-date=May 30, 2021}}</ref> In 2006, he was inducted into the Elgin Sports Hall of Fame.<ref name="Elgin"/>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://generals.dk/general/Chamberlin/Harry_Dwight/USA.html Generals of World War II]

{{Olympic champions – Equestrian team eventing}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chamberlin, Harry D.}}
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1944 deaths]]
[[Category:Equestrians at the 1920 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Equestrians at the 1928 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Equestrians at the 1932 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:American male equestrians]]
[[Category:Olympic silver medalists for the United States in equestrian]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medalists for the United States in equestrian]]
[[Category:American event riders]]
[[Category:American show jumping riders]]
[[Category:American polo players]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:United States Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:United States Army generals]]
[[Category:United States Military Academy alumni]]
[[Category:United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni]]
[[Category:United States Army War College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Elgin, Illinois]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Illinois]]
[[Category:20th-century American sportsmen]]

Harry Chamberlin - Revision history

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: /* External links */ add Category:20th-century American sportsmen