imported>JarrahTree: Changing short description from "Species of butterfly" to "Species of butterfly endemic to Australia"

2024-10-01T11:05:22Z

Changing short description from "Species of butterfly" to "Species of butterfly endemic to Australia"

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{{Short description|Species of butterfly endemic to Australia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Macleay's swallowtail
| image = Graphium macleayanus.jpg
| image_caption = Macleay's swallowtail (''Graphium macleayanus moggana''), [[Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park]], Tasmania, Australia
| genus = Graphium (butterfly)
| species = macleayanus
| authority = ([[William Elford Leach|Leach]], 1814)<ref name="csiro">{{cite web|title=Macleay's swallowtail|publisher=CSIRO and Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry|url=http://www.ento.csiro.au/aicn/name_c/a_2526.htm|date=18 September 2004|access-date=4 November 2009}}</ref>
| range_map = Graphium macleayanus range.png
| range_map_caption = Range of Macleay's swallowtail<div>{{Legend2|#8B008B|''G. m. moggana''|border=1px solid #aaa}}; {{Legend2|#00693E|''G. m. macleayanus''|border=1px solid #aaa}}</div>
}}

'''''Graphium macleayanus''''', the '''Macleay's swallowtail''', is a [[butterfly]] belonging to the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Papilionidae]]. The species was named after [[Alexander Macleay]].<ref name="evans">{{cite web|url=http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~don/larvae/papi/macleay.html |title=Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814) |last1=Herbison-Evans |first1=Don |last2=Newman |first2=Stewart |last3=Crossley |first3=Stella |date=5 September 2009 |access-date=3 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091011235205/http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~don/larvae/papi/macleay.html |archive-date=11 October 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Stacey |first=Robyn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cSElAFnbkocC&q=Graphium+macleayanus |title=Museum: the Macleays, their collections and the search for order |last2=Hay |first2=Ashley |date=24 October 2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press, 2007 |isbn=978-0-521-87453-3 |author-link2=Ashley Hay}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
Macleay's swallowtail was first described by [[William Elford Leach]] in 1814. Two subspecies are recorded in Australia,<ref name="csiro" /> the nominate form, ''G. m. macleayanus'' and ''G. m. moggana'', which was first described by [[Leonard Edgar Couchman]] in 1965.<ref name="dewha1">{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Graphium_macleayanus/names|title=Names List for Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814)|date=9 October 2008  |publisher=Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts|access-date=4 November 2009}}</ref> The name is synonymous with ''Papilio macleayanus''.

==Description==
[[File:Graphium macleayanus (ento-csiro-au).jpg|thumb|left|Illustration]]
The caterpillar grows to a length of 4 cm. The pupa is green with thin yellow lines.

The adult female Macleay's swallowtail has a wingspan of 59 mm, whilst the adult male has a wingspan of 53 mm.<ref name="ozanimals">{{cite web|url=http://www.ozanimals.com/Insect/Macleay%27s-Swallowtail/Graphium/macleayanus.html|title=Macleay's Swallowtail ( Graphium macleayanus ) |publisher=OzAnimals.com|access-date=4 November 2009}}</ref> The upperside of the wing is green with white markings and black edges.<ref name="jcu">{{cite web |title= Graphium macleayanus – JCU |url= http://cms.jcu.edu.au/discovernature/butterfliescommon/JCUPRD_044477 |access-date= 26 August 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090709063413/http://cms.jcu.edu.au/discovernature/butterfliescommon/JCUPRD_044477 |archive-date= 9 July 2009 }}</ref> The lower surface is a deeper green with black, brown and white markings.<ref name="jcu"/> The lower wings are strongly tailed.<ref>{{cite book|title=Tasmanian year book, Issue 11|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics, Tasmanian Office|year=1977}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
The Macleay's swallowtail is one of the most widely distributed swallowtail butterflies in Australia.<ref>{{cite book|title=Australian natural history, Volume 14|publisher=Australian Museum|year=1962}}</ref> It is found in eastern Australia including the [[Australian Capital Territory|ACT]], [[New South Wales]], [[Queensland]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] and [[Tasmania]]. It is the only swallowtail found in Tasmania.<ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Barrett |author2=Alexander N. Burns |title=Butterflies of Australia and New Guinea|publisher=N. H. Seward|year=1951}}</ref> The species has also been found on [[Lord Howe Island]] and [[Norfolk Island]], but not since 1893.<ref name="csiro" /> The habitat of the species includes urban areas, forests, woodlands and heath.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://faunanet.gov.au/wos/factfile.cfm?Fact_ID=190 |title=Macleay's Swallowtail Fact File |date=4 November 2009 |publisher=Australian Museum |access-date=4 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930133133/http://faunanet.gov.au/wos/factfile.cfm?Fact_ID=190 |archive-date=30 September 2009 }}</ref>

==Behaviour==
The caterpillars are green, with small white dots all over the body and a humped thorax. They feed on the foliage of members in the ''[[Atherosperma]]'', ''[[Cinnamomum]]'', ''[[Cryptocarya]]'', ''[[Daphnandra]]'', ''[[Doryphora]]'', ''[[Endiandra]]'' and ''[[Tasmannia]]'' genera.<ref name="dewha2">{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Graphium_macleayanus/hosts |title=Host taxa for Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814) |date=9 October 2008 |publisher=Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts |access-date=4 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505003736/http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Graphium_macleayanus/hosts |archive-date=5 May 2011 }}</ref>

The adults feed on nectar from flowers, including the genera ''[[Leptospermum]]'', ''[[Lantana]]'' and ''[[Buddleia]]''.<ref name="ozanimals" /> The flight period is from August to March.<ref name="daley">{{cite book|last=Daley|first=Elizabeth|title=Wings: An introduction to Tasmania's winged insects|publisher=Riffles Pty Ltd|year=2007}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Papilionidae]]
* [[List of butterflies of Australia]]
* [[List of butterflies of Victoria]]
* [[List of butterflies of Tasmania]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Graphium macleayanus}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110505003736/http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Graphium_macleayanus/hosts List of host plants for Graphium macleayanus]. ''Australian Biological Resources Study''.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1764886}}

[[Category:Graphium (butterfly)|macleayanus]]
[[Category:Butterflies described in 1814]]
[[Category:Butterflies of Australia]]
[[Category:Taxa named by William Elford Leach]]

Graphium macleayanus - Revision history

imported>JarrahTree: Changing short description from "Species of butterfly" to "Species of butterfly endemic to Australia"