imported>David Eppstein: /* Structure and use */ fix broken ref

2024-03-28T01:04:55Z

Structure and use: fix broken ref

New page

{{Short description|Board with pegs used as a geometric demonstration}}
[[File:Geoboard.JPG|thumb|A wooden 3 × 3 geoboard]]
[[File:25 peg geoboard.JPG|thumb|A plastic 5 × 5 geoboard]]
A '''geoboard''' is a [[mathematical manipulatives| mathematical manipulative]] used to explore basic concepts in [[plane geometry]] such as [[perimeter]], [[area]] and the characteristics of [[triangle]]s and other [[polygon]]s. It consists of a physical board with a certain number of nails half driven in, around which are wrapped geo bands that are made of rubber. Normal rubber bands can also be used.

Geoboards were invented and popularized in the 1950s by Egyptian mathematician [[Caleb Gattegno]] (1911-1988).<ref name=geoboard>{{cite book|last=Gattegno|first=Caleb|title=Geoboard geometry.|year=1971|publisher=Educational Solutions Worldwide Inc|location=[S.l.]|isbn=978-0-87825-020-2|pages=72|url=http://issuu.com/eswi/docs/1027_geoboard_geometry}}</ref>

==Structure and use==
Geoboard is a board. A variety of boards are used. Originally made out of plywood and brass nails or pegs, geoboards are now usually made out of plastic. They may have an upright [[square lattice]] of 9, 16 or 25 nails or more, or a circle of nails around a central nail. Students are asked to place rubber bands around the nails to explore geometric concepts or to solve mathematical puzzles.

Geoboards may be used to learn about:<ref>{{cite book|title=Mathematics : meeting the challenge|year=1992|publisher=Mathematical Association of Victoria|location=Brunswick, Vic.|isbn=0-909315-49-3|pages=283–288|last=Carroll|first= J.|editor1-last=Horne|editor1-first= Marj |editor2-last=Supple|editor2-first= Marjorie|chapter=Using the geoboard for teaching primary mathematics}} [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Using+geoboards+in+primary+mathematics:+going+...+going+...+gone%3F...-a0181898042 As cited by Hilary Scandrett].</ref>
* plane shapes;
* translation;
* rotation;
* reflection;
* similarity;
* co-ordination;
* counting;
* right angles;
* pattern;
* classification;
* scaling;
* position;
* congruence;
* area;
* perimeter.

Two-dimensional representations of the geoboard may be applied to ordinary paper using [[rubber stamp]]s or special "geoboard paper" with diagrams of geoboards may be used to help capture a student's explanations of the concept they have discovered or illustrated on the geoboard. There are also a number of online virtual geoboards.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.assessmentservices-edu.com/double-sided-geoboard.aspx Educational and Supplemental Materials for K-12]
* [https://nrich.maths.org/2883 Virtual geoboards on nrich.maths.org]
* [http://www.mathlearningcenter.org/web-apps/geoboard Free Web-based Geoboard from Math Learning Center]
* [http://www.mathplayground.com/geoboard.html Virtual geoboard on mathplayground.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061028065716/http://homepage.mac.com/efithian/Geometry/Activity-03.html Various geoboard activities]
* [http://mathforum.org/trscavo/geoboards/ Tom Scavo's collection of geoboard activities]
* [http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/topic_t_3.html Virtual geoboard and activities on nlvm.usu.edu]
* [https://archive.today/20130701104942/http://www.cuisenaire.co.uk/index.php/shop/mathematics/books-for-teachers/geoboard-geometry-detail] Authentic guide to using the Geoboards by the inventor Dr. Caleb Gattegno

[[Category:Mathematical manipulatives]]

Geoboard - Revision history

imported>David Eppstein: /* Structure and use */ fix broken ref