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v2.05 - Repaired 1 link to disambiguation page - (You can help) - André Chéron

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{{Short description|French chess player}}
[[File:LazardFred-MJ.jpg|thumb|Frédéric Lazard, 1929]]
'''Frédéric Lazard''' (20 February 1883, in [[Marseille]] – 18 November 1948, in [[Le Vésinet]]) was a French [[chess]] master, [[Chess composer|problemist]] and journalist.

He lived in Paris, where he played in many local tournaments. He took twice 4th place in 1905, shared 3rd in 1908, took 3rd ([[Arnold Aurbach]] won) in 1909, shared 2nd behind H. Weinstein in 1909, won ahead of [[Amédée Gibaud]] in 1910, tied for 1st with [[Aristide Gromer]] in 1912, took 4th in 1914,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anders.thulin.name/SUBJECTS/CHESS/CTCIndex.pdf |title=Name Index to Jeremy Gaige's Chess Tournament Crosstables |accessdate=2011-12-01 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704030849/http://www.anders.thulin.name/SUBJECTS/CHESS/CTCIndex.pdf |archivedate=2007-07-04 }}</ref> and shared 2nd, behind [[Alphonse Goetz]], at Lyon 1914.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/1914.htm |title=Lyon 1914 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref>

In 1912, he drew a match with Gibaud (3–3), and lost to [[Edward Lasker]] (0.5–2.5). In 1913, he drew with Smirnov (1.5–1.5).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/lazardfred.htm |title=Lazard Fred |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date=1948-11-18 |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref>

After [[World War I]], he won at Paris 1920, took 2nd at Paris 1922 (''Triangular'', [[André Muffang]] won), represented France in [[1st unofficial Chess Olympiad]] at Paris 1924,<ref>{{cite web|author=Wojciech Bartelski |url=http://www.olimpbase.org/playersx/ako2s6ig.html |title=Unofficial Chess Olympiads: Frédéric Lazard |publisher=OlimpBase |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> took 9th at Strasbourg 1924 ([[French Chess Championship]], [[Robert Crépeaux]] won),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/1924.htm |title=Strasbourg 1924 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> tied for 2nd-3rd at Nice 1925 (FRA-ch, Crépeaux won),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/1925.htm |title=Nice 1925 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> shared 1st with [[André Chéron (chess player)|André Chéron]] at Biarritz 1926 (FRA-ch),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/1926.htm |title=Biarritz 1926 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> took 13th in the 1927 [[Paris City Chess Championship]] ([[Abraham Baratz]] won),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/paris1927.htm |title=Champ Paris 1927 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> tied for 10-11th in the 1928 Paris-ch (Baratz won),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/paris1928.htm |title=Champ Paris 1928 |publisher=Heritageechecsfra.free.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-12-01}}</ref> took 7th at Paris 1929 ([[Savielly Tartakower]] won), tied for 3rd-5th in the 1930 Paris-ch ([[Josef Cukierman]] won), and took 10th at Paris 1933 ([[Alexander Alekhine]] won).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rogerpaige.me.uk/tables4.htm |title=NED-ch08 the Hague/Leiden 1933 |accessdate=2008-04-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807085005/http://www.rogerpaige.me.uk/tables4.htm |archivedate=2007-08-07 }}</ref>

He published a chess book entitled ''Mes problèmes et études d'échecs'' (1928).<ref>Litmanowicz, Władysław & Giżycki, Jerzy (1986, 1987). Szachy od A do Z. Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka Warszawa. {{ISBN|83-217-2481-7}} (1. A-M), {{ISBN|83-217-2745-X}} (2. N-Z)</ref>

He was a younger brother of [[Gustave Lazard]].

{{algebraic notation|pos=left}}

== Apocryphal game ==

{{Chess diagram
|tright
|Gibaud vs. Lazard (apocryphal), <br /> Paris 1924
|rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd| |rd
|pd|pd|pd|pd| |pd|pd|pd
| | | | | | | |
| | | | |pl| | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | |nd| | |pl
|pl|pl|pl|nl|pl|pl|pl|
|rl| |bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl
|Position following 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nd2 e5 3. dxe5 Ng4 4. h3 Ne3
|reverse=true
}}

A very short {{chessgloss|miniature}} attributed to [[Amédée Gibaud]] and Lazard is frequently reproduced in chess literature,<ref name="Chernev">{{cite book |last=Chernev |first=Irving |title=The 1000 Best Short Games of Chess |year=1955 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=9710851330 |page=2, game No. 1}}</ref><ref name="Fox">{{cite book |last1=Fox |first1=Mike |last2=James |first2=Richard |title=The Even More Complete Chess Addict |publisher=Faber and Faber |year=1993 |isbn=9780571170401 |page=176}}</ref> sometimes with the claim that it was the shortest game ever played between masters in a formal setting.<ref name="Chernev" /> In its shortest and most commonly reproduced version, the game consists of four moves by each player. Black (Lazard) rapidly develops his king's knight to e3 after White (Gibaud) weakens the defense of the square.

{{block indent |1=Gibaud vs. Lazard (apocryphal), Paris 1924 <br /> 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nd2 e5 3. dxe5 Ng4 4. h3 Ne3 {{chessAN|0–1}} (Resignation)<ref name="Chernev" /><ref name="game">{{cite web |title=Amedee Gibaud vs Frederic Lazard |url=https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1243036 |website=[[Chessgames.com]] }}</ref> }}

In the final position White is unable to prevent the capture of his queen, because doing so would allow Black to force checkmate: 5. fxe3 Qh4+ 6. g3 Qxg3#.

The four-move, "formal" version of the game is not accepted as a real historical event.<ref name="Fox" /><ref name="Winter">{{cite web |last1=Winter |first1=Edward |title=The Gibaud v Lazard Gamelet |url=https://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/gibaudlazard.html |date=26 October 2015 |website=chesshistory.com}}</ref> Gibaud denied having ever lost a serious game in four moves, instead suggesting that he may have lost a casual {{chessgloss|skittles}} game against Lazard involving similar positional themes, albeit with more than four moves played. Gibaud also suggested that his game with Lazard might have been confused with a previously published "theoretical" miniature. Although the four-move version of the game is not accepted as historically accurate, it illustrates several principles of gameplay: the possibility for rapid development to cause serious problems for an opponent, the importance of not weakening the defense of critical squares, and the importance of defending a structural weakness on the kingside in the initial phase of the game (especially involving the f- and g- pawns), which if left unguarded may lead to a quick checkmate, akin to [[Fool's mate]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{chessgames player|id=31987}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lazard, Frederic}}
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:French chess players]]
[[Category:Chess composers]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Marseille]]

Frédéric Lazard - Revision history

imported>Tassedethe: v2.05 - Repaired 1 link to disambiguation page - (You can help) - André Chéron