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{{Short description|Chinese politician and general (died 195)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Fan Chou
| native_name = 樊稠
| image = Li Jue drops Fan Chou.jpg
| image_size = 180px
| caption = A [[Qing dynasty]] illustration of Fan Chou's death
| alt =
| office = General of the Right (右將軍)
| term_start = {{Start date|194}}
| term_end = {{End date|195}}
| monarch = [[Emperor Xian of Han]]
| office1 = General of the Household (中郎將)
| term_start1 = {{Start date|192}}
| term_end1 = {{End date|194}}
| monarch1 = [[Emperor Xian of Han]]
| birth_date = Unknown
| birth_place = [[Yuzhong County]], [[Gansu]]
| death_date = 195
| death_place = [[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi]]
| occupation = General
}}
{{Family name hatnote|[[Fan (surname)|Fan]]|lang=Chinese}}

'''Fan Chou''' (died 2 March 195<ref>According to Liu Xie's biography in ''Book of the Later Han'', Fan Chou was killed by Li Jue on the ''yihai'' day of the 2nd month of the 2nd year of the ''Xingping'' era. This corresponds to 2 Mar 195 on the Julian calendar. ([兴平]二年春二月乙亥，李傕杀樊稠而与郭汜相攻。) ''Houhanshu'', vol.09</ref>) was a general serving under the warlord [[Dong Zhuo]] during the late [[Eastern Han dynasty]] of China.

==Life==
Fan Chou was from Jincheng Commandery (金城郡), [[Liang Province]], which is around present-day [[Yuzhong County]], [[Gansu]]. He started his career as a subordinate of the warlord [[Dong Zhuo]], who controlled the Han central government and the figurehead [[Emperor Xian of Han|Emperor Xian]] between 189 and 192.

After Dong Zhuo was assassinated in [[Chang'an]] in May 192, Fan Chou joined a group of Dong Zhuo's followers, led by [[Li Jue (Han dynasty)|Li Jue]] and [[Guo Si]], and seized back control of Chang'an from [[Wang Yun (Han dynasty)|Wang Yun]] and [[Lü Bu]]. Li Jue and Guo Si then controlled the Han central government and Emperor Xian in the same way Dong Zhuo did. Around this time, they promoted Fan Chou to the rank of a General of the Household (中郎將).

In April 194, when a rival warlord [[Ma Teng]] led his forces to attack Li Jue and Guo Si, Fan Chou led troops to resist the enemy and defeated them at Changping Pass (長平關). In the same year, he also defeated [[Qiang (historical people)|Qiang]] rebels in [[Zuopingyi]] (左馮翊; around present-day [[Dali County]], [[Shaanxi]]) and was further promoted to General of the Right (右將軍).<ref name="De Crespigny fan chou">{{cite book |last1=De Crespigny |first1=Rafe |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD) |date=2006 |publisher=Brill |isbn=9789047411840 |page=289 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49OvCQAAQBAJ |language=english |format=ebook}}</ref> He became one of the most powerful figures in the Han central government alongside Li Jue and Guo Si at the time.

During the battle against Ma Teng, Fan Chou had scolded Li Jue's nephew, Li Li (李利), who accompanied him into battle, for not doing his best. Li Li bore a grudge against Fan Chou for this. Later, he secretly reported to his uncle that Fan Chou was plotting with another rival warlord, [[Han Sui]], against him. Li Jue thus became suspicious of Fan Chou, especially as Fan Chou gained higher status and more power. In March 195, Li Jue and Guo Si lured Fan Chou into a trap and assassinated him.

==See also==
* [[Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* [[Chen Shou|Chen, Shou]] (3rd century). ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi'').
* [[Fan Ye (historian)|Fan, Ye]] (5th century). ''[[Book of the Later Han]]'' (''Houhanshu'').
* [[Pei Songzhi|Pei, Songzhi]] (5th century). ''[[Annotated Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi zhu'').

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fan, Chou}}
[[Category:2nd-century births]]
[[Category:195 deaths]]
[[Category:Generals under Dong Zhuo]]
[[Category:Assassinated Chinese politicians]]
[[Category:People from Northwest China]]
[[Category:Ancient assassinated Chinese people]]

Fan Chou - Revision history

imported>Yzqeight at 12:01, 27 February 2025