<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Dynamic_range_compression</id>
	<title>Dynamic range compression - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Dynamic_range_compression"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-04T22:28:09Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.1</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=4624668&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>~2025-32585-52: /* Ratio */ include image of mixer screen.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=4624668&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-11-10T12:06:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Ratio: &lt;/span&gt; include image of mixer screen.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Previous revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:06, 10 November 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l58&quot;&gt;Line 58:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 58:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Ratio ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Ratio ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[File:Compression ratio.png|thumb|Compression by a ratio of 5.0:1 on a [[Yamaha_Corporation|Yamaha]] digital mixer. |alt=|upright]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The amount of gain reduction is determined by &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;ratio&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: a ratio of 4:1 means that if input level is 4&amp;amp;nbsp;[[decibel|dB]] over the threshold, the output signal level is reduced to 1&amp;amp;nbsp;dB over the threshold. The gain and output level has been reduced by 3&amp;amp;nbsp;dB. Another way of stating this is that any input signal level over the threshold will, in this case, be output at a level which is only 25% {{nobreak|(i.e. 1 over 4)}} as much over the threshold as its input level was.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The amount of gain reduction is determined by &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;ratio&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: a ratio of 4:1 means that if input level is 4&amp;amp;nbsp;[[decibel|dB]] over the threshold, the output signal level is reduced to 1&amp;amp;nbsp;dB over the threshold. The gain and output level has been reduced by 3&amp;amp;nbsp;dB. Another way of stating this is that any input signal level over the threshold will, in this case, be output at a level which is only 25% {{nobreak|(i.e. 1 over 4)}} as much over the threshold as its input level was.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l183&quot;&gt;Line 183:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 184:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In an article published in January 2014 by the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal of the Audio Engineering Society&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Emmanuel Deruty and Damien Tardieu performed a systematic study describing the influence of compressors and brickwall limiters on the musical audio signal. The experiment involved four software limiters: Waves L2, Sonnox Oxford Limiter, Thomas Mundt&amp;#039;s Loudmax, Blue Cat&amp;#039;s Protector, as well as four software compressors: Waves H-Comp, Sonnox Oxford Dynamics, Sonalksis SV-3157, and URS 1970. The study provides objective data on what limiters and compressors do to the audio signal.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DerutyTardieuAES&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deruty |first1=Emmanuel |last2=Tardieu |first2=Damien |date=2014-02-03 |title=About Dynamic Processing in Mainstream Music |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=42–55 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0001 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In an article published in January 2014 by the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal of the Audio Engineering Society&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Emmanuel Deruty and Damien Tardieu performed a systematic study describing the influence of compressors and brickwall limiters on the musical audio signal. The experiment involved four software limiters: Waves L2, Sonnox Oxford Limiter, Thomas Mundt&amp;#039;s Loudmax, Blue Cat&amp;#039;s Protector, as well as four software compressors: Waves H-Comp, Sonnox Oxford Dynamics, Sonalksis SV-3157, and URS 1970. The study provides objective data on what limiters and compressors do to the audio signal.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DerutyTardieuAES&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deruty |first1=Emmanuel |last2=Tardieu |first2=Damien |date=2014-02-03 |title=About Dynamic Processing in Mainstream Music |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=42–55 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0001 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five signal descriptors were considered: [[RMS power]], [[EBU R 128]] integrated loudness,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; [[crest factor]], R 128 LRA,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3342&quot; /&amp;gt; and density of clipped samples. RMS power accounts for the signal&#039;s physical level, R 128 loudness for the perceived level.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; The crest factor, which is the difference between the signal&#039;s peak and its average power,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt; is on occasions considered as a basis for the measure of micro-dynamics, for instance in the &#039;&#039;TT Dynamic Range Meter&#039;&#039; plug-in.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite conference |last=Vickers |first=Earl |date=4–7 November 2010 |title=The Loudness War: Background, Speculation and Recommendations |url=http://www.sfxmachine.com/docs/loudnesswar/loudness_war.pdf |conference=129th AES Convention |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Audio Engineering Society]] |access-date=July 14, 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Finally, R 128 LRA has been repeatedly considered as a measure of macro-dynamics or dynamics in the musical sense.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;SOS_Dynamic_Range&quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Deruty |first=Emmanuel |date=September 2011 |title=&#039;Dynamic Range&#039; &amp;amp; The Loudness War |url=https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/dynamic-range-loudness-war |magazine=Sound on Sound |access-date=2013-10-24}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Serrà |first1=J |last2=Corral |first2=A |last3=Boguñá |first3=M |last4=Haro |first4=M |last5=Arcos |first5=JL |date=26 July 2012 |title=Measuring the Evolution of Contemporary Western Popular Music |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=2 |&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;page&lt;/del&gt;=521 |arxiv=1205.5651 |bibcode=2012NatSR...2..521S |doi=10.1038/srep00521 |pmc=3405292 |pmid=22837813 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Hjortkjær |first1=Jens |last2=Walther-Hansen |first2=Mads |date=2014-02-03 |title=Perceptual Effects of Dynamic Range Compression in Popular Music Recordings |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=37–41 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0003 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last=Skovenborg |first=Esben |date=2012-04-26 |title=Loudness Range (LRA) - Design and Evaluation |url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16254 |language=en |publisher=Audio Engineering Society |url-access=subscription |access-date=2019-11-04 |via=AES E-Library}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five signal descriptors were considered: [[RMS power]], [[EBU R 128]] integrated loudness,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; [[crest factor]], R 128 LRA,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3342&quot; /&amp;gt; and density of clipped samples. RMS power accounts for the signal&#039;s physical level, R 128 loudness for the perceived level.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; The crest factor, which is the difference between the signal&#039;s peak and its average power,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt; is on occasions considered as a basis for the measure of micro-dynamics, for instance in the &#039;&#039;TT Dynamic Range Meter&#039;&#039; plug-in.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite conference |last=Vickers |first=Earl |date=4–7 November 2010 |title=The Loudness War: Background, Speculation and Recommendations |url=http://www.sfxmachine.com/docs/loudnesswar/loudness_war.pdf |conference=129th AES Convention |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Audio Engineering Society]] |access-date=July 14, 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Finally, R 128 LRA has been repeatedly considered as a measure of macro-dynamics or dynamics in the musical sense.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;SOS_Dynamic_Range&quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Deruty |first=Emmanuel |date=September 2011 |title=&#039;Dynamic Range&#039; &amp;amp; The Loudness War |url=https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/dynamic-range-loudness-war |magazine=Sound on Sound |access-date=2013-10-24}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Serrà |first1=J |last2=Corral |first2=A |last3=Boguñá |first3=M |last4=Haro |first4=M |last5=Arcos |first5=JL |date=26 July 2012 |title=Measuring the Evolution of Contemporary Western Popular Music |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=2 |&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;article-number&lt;/ins&gt;=521 |arxiv=1205.5651 |bibcode=2012NatSR...2..521S |doi=10.1038/srep00521 |pmc=3405292 |pmid=22837813 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Hjortkjær |first1=Jens |last2=Walther-Hansen |first2=Mads |date=2014-02-03 |title=Perceptual Effects of Dynamic Range Compression in Popular Music Recordings |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=37–41 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0003 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last=Skovenborg |first=Esben |date=2012-04-26 |title=Loudness Range (LRA) - Design and Evaluation |url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16254 |language=en |publisher=Audio Engineering Society |url-access=subscription |access-date=2019-11-04 |via=AES E-Library}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Limiters ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Limiters ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>~2025-32585-52</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=1692399&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>imported&gt;Citation bot: Altered bibcode. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Dynamics processing | #UCB_Category 4/13</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=1692399&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-06-27T07:17:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Altered bibcode. | &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki143/index.php?title=En:WP:UCB&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;En:WP:UCB (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;Use this bot&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki143/index.php?title=En:WP:DBUG&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;En:WP:DBUG (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;Report bugs&lt;/a&gt;. | Suggested by Abductive | &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki143/index.php?title=Category:Dynamics_processing&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Category:Dynamics processing (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;Category:Dynamics processing&lt;/a&gt; | #UCB_Category 4/13&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Previous revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:17, 27 June 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l183&quot;&gt;Line 183:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 183:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In an article published in January 2014 by the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal of the Audio Engineering Society&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Emmanuel Deruty and Damien Tardieu performed a systematic study describing the influence of compressors and brickwall limiters on the musical audio signal. The experiment involved four software limiters: Waves L2, Sonnox Oxford Limiter, Thomas Mundt&amp;#039;s Loudmax, Blue Cat&amp;#039;s Protector, as well as four software compressors: Waves H-Comp, Sonnox Oxford Dynamics, Sonalksis SV-3157, and URS 1970. The study provides objective data on what limiters and compressors do to the audio signal.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DerutyTardieuAES&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deruty |first1=Emmanuel |last2=Tardieu |first2=Damien |date=2014-02-03 |title=About Dynamic Processing in Mainstream Music |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=42–55 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0001 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In an article published in January 2014 by the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal of the Audio Engineering Society&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Emmanuel Deruty and Damien Tardieu performed a systematic study describing the influence of compressors and brickwall limiters on the musical audio signal. The experiment involved four software limiters: Waves L2, Sonnox Oxford Limiter, Thomas Mundt&amp;#039;s Loudmax, Blue Cat&amp;#039;s Protector, as well as four software compressors: Waves H-Comp, Sonnox Oxford Dynamics, Sonalksis SV-3157, and URS 1970. The study provides objective data on what limiters and compressors do to the audio signal.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DerutyTardieuAES&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deruty |first1=Emmanuel |last2=Tardieu |first2=Damien |date=2014-02-03 |title=About Dynamic Processing in Mainstream Music |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=42–55 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0001 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five signal descriptors were considered: [[RMS power]], [[EBU R 128]] integrated loudness,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; [[crest factor]], R 128 LRA,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3342&quot; /&amp;gt; and density of clipped samples. RMS power accounts for the signal&#039;s physical level, R 128 loudness for the perceived level.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; The crest factor, which is the difference between the signal&#039;s peak and its average power,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt; is on occasions considered as a basis for the measure of micro-dynamics, for instance in the &#039;&#039;TT Dynamic Range Meter&#039;&#039; plug-in.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite conference |last=Vickers |first=Earl |date=4–7 November 2010 |title=The Loudness War: Background, Speculation and Recommendations |url=http://www.sfxmachine.com/docs/loudnesswar/loudness_war.pdf |conference=129th AES Convention |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Audio Engineering Society]] |access-date=July 14, 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Finally, R 128 LRA has been repeatedly considered as a measure of macro-dynamics or dynamics in the musical sense.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;SOS_Dynamic_Range&quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Deruty |first=Emmanuel |date=September 2011 |title=&#039;Dynamic Range&#039; &amp;amp; The Loudness War |url=https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/dynamic-range-loudness-war |magazine=Sound on Sound |access-date=2013-10-24}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Serrà |first1=J |last2=Corral |first2=A |last3=Boguñá |first3=M |last4=Haro |first4=M |last5=Arcos |first5=JL |date=26 July 2012 |title=Measuring the Evolution of Contemporary Western Popular Music |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=2 |page=521 |arxiv=1205.5651 |bibcode=2012NatSR...&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2E&lt;/del&gt;.521S |doi=10.1038/srep00521 |pmc=3405292 |pmid=22837813 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Hjortkjær |first1=Jens |last2=Walther-Hansen |first2=Mads |date=2014-02-03 |title=Perceptual Effects of Dynamic Range Compression in Popular Music Recordings |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=37–41 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0003 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last=Skovenborg |first=Esben |date=2012-04-26 |title=Loudness Range (LRA) - Design and Evaluation |url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16254 |language=en |publisher=Audio Engineering Society |url-access=subscription |access-date=2019-11-04 |via=AES E-Library}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five signal descriptors were considered: [[RMS power]], [[EBU R 128]] integrated loudness,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; [[crest factor]], R 128 LRA,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3342&quot; /&amp;gt; and density of clipped samples. RMS power accounts for the signal&#039;s physical level, R 128 loudness for the perceived level.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EBU3341&quot; /&amp;gt; The crest factor, which is the difference between the signal&#039;s peak and its average power,&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt; is on occasions considered as a basis for the measure of micro-dynamics, for instance in the &#039;&#039;TT Dynamic Range Meter&#039;&#039; plug-in.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite conference |last=Vickers |first=Earl |date=4–7 November 2010 |title=The Loudness War: Background, Speculation and Recommendations |url=http://www.sfxmachine.com/docs/loudnesswar/loudness_war.pdf |conference=129th AES Convention |location=San Francisco |publisher=[[Audio Engineering Society]] |access-date=July 14, 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Finally, R 128 LRA has been repeatedly considered as a measure of macro-dynamics or dynamics in the musical sense.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;DerutyTardieuAES&quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;SOS_Dynamic_Range&quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Deruty |first=Emmanuel |date=September 2011 |title=&#039;Dynamic Range&#039; &amp;amp; The Loudness War |url=https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/dynamic-range-loudness-war |magazine=Sound on Sound |access-date=2013-10-24}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Serrà |first1=J |last2=Corral |first2=A |last3=Boguñá |first3=M |last4=Haro |first4=M |last5=Arcos |first5=JL |date=26 July 2012 |title=Measuring the Evolution of Contemporary Western Popular Music |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=2 |page=521 |arxiv=1205.5651 |bibcode=2012NatSR...&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;/ins&gt;.521S |doi=10.1038/srep00521 |pmc=3405292 |pmid=22837813 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Hjortkjær |first1=Jens |last2=Walther-Hansen |first2=Mads |date=2014-02-03 |title=Perceptual Effects of Dynamic Range Compression in Popular Music Recordings |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |volume=62 |issue=1/2 |pages=37–41 |doi=10.17743/jaes.2014.0003 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal |last=Skovenborg |first=Esben |date=2012-04-26 |title=Loudness Range (LRA) - Design and Evaluation |url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=16254 |language=en |publisher=Audio Engineering Society |url-access=subscription |access-date=2019-11-04 |via=AES E-Library}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Limiters ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Limiters ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;Citation bot</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=177157&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2605:8D80:4C1:1F5E:C858:48B5:2F19:A841: /* Side-chaining */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;diff=177157&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-19T10:08:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Side-chaining&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Dynamic_range_compression&amp;amp;diff=177157&quot;&gt;Show changes&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>2605:8D80:4C1:1F5E:C858:48B5:2F19:A841</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>