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{{Short description|Genus of algae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Medeiros_et_al_2021_Dimorphococcus_lunatus.jpg
| image_caption = ''Dimorphococcus lunatus''
| taxon = Dimorphococcus
| authority = Braun
| type_species = ''Dimorphococcus lunatus''
| type_species_authority = Braun<ref name=AlgaeBase/>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
* ''[[Dimorphococcus lunatus]]''
}}

'''''Dimorphococcus''''' is a [[genus]] of fresh water [[green algae]] in the family [[Scenedesmaceae]].<ref>See the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=183316 webpage on Dimorphococcus]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] | accessdate=2007-03-19}}</ref> It is found as a component of the [[phytoplankton]] of freshwater ponds, lakes, and [[peat bog]]s. It is widespread, but usually not very common.<ref name=AlgaeBase>{{AlgaeBase genus|name=Dimorphococcus|id=43504|access-date=2023-11-24}}</ref>

''Dimorphococcus'' is usually found in small colonies of multiples of four cells, surrounded by a gelatinous mass. Groups of four cells are further attached to each other via [[mucilaginous]] strands, which are the remnants of the mother [[cell wall]].<ref name=Matthews>{{cite journal | date = 2016 | last1=Matthews | first1=Robin A. | title=Freshwater Algae in Northwest Washington, Volume II, Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta | url= https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks/1/ | journal = A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs | publisher = Western Washington University | doi=10.25710/fctx-n773 }}</ref> Cells are kidney-shaped to heart-shaped, 10–25 μm long and 3–8(–15) μm wide. Each cell is uninucleate (containing one [[cell nucleus|nucleus]]) and has one parietal [[chloroplast]] each with one or more [[pyrenoid]]s.<ref name=AlgaeBase/>

''Dimorphococcus'' reproduces asexually via [[autospore]]s, with four spores produced per mother cell. Autospores are released through a lateral tear in the mother cell wall. After release, the empty cell wall gradually dissolves.<ref name=AlgaeBase/>

==Taxonomy==
Currently, ''Dimorphococcus'' is placed in the family Scenedesmaceae, according to [[molecular phylogenetic]] analyses.<ref name=Hegewald_2010>{{cite journal | doi=10.2216/09-61.1| title=ITS2 sequence-structure phylogeny in the Scenedesmaceae with special reference to ''Coelastrum'' (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae), including the new genera ''Comasiella'' and ''Pectinodesmus''| date=2010| last1=Hegewald| first1=Eberhard| last2=Wolf| first2=Matthias| last3=Keller| first3=Alexander| last4=Friedl| first4=Thomas| last5=Krienitz| first5=Lothar| journal=Phycologia| volume=49| issue=4| pages=325–335| bibcode=2010Phyco..49..325H| s2cid=85145401}}</ref>

One species, ''Dimorphococcus fritschii'', is of uncertain status. The [[Phycology|phycologist]] [[Chin Chih Jao]] considered it to have a different structure than other species of ''Dimorphococcus''; accordingly, he placed it into a new genus, ''[[Dimorphococcopsis]]''. The species has not been re-investigated and it is possible that the original placement was correct.<ref>{{cite book | title= Chlorophyceae (Grünalgen), Ordnung Chlorococcales | last1=Komárek | first1=J. | last2=Fott | first2=B. | date=1983 | publisher= E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung | series=Das Phytoplankton des Süßwassers | language=German | pages=1044 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|1}}

==External links==
* [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/PDB/Images/chlorophyta/Dimorphococcus/index.html Pictures and description of ''Dimorphococcus'']

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5277753}}

[[Category:Sphaeropleales genera]]
[[Category:Sphaeropleales]]
[[Category:Freshwater algae]]

{{Chlorophyceae-stub}}

Dimorphococcus - Revision history

imported>Someplant: added type species