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Adding short description: "Title used by various documents"

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{{Short description|Title used by various documents}}
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There have been a number of documents designated as the '''Declaration of Interdependence''' since at least the 1930s.

==Overview==
US [[Secretary of Agriculture]] [[Henry A. Wallace]] used the term in relation to the [[Agricultural Adjustment Act|Farm Act]] of 1933 in a radio address broadcast on May 13 of that year,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://newdeal.feri.org/wallace/haw05.htm |title=A Declaration of Interdependence |access-date=2013-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051922/http://newdeal.feri.org/wallace/haw05.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and apparently used the phrase again in 1936 in relation to "interdependence among nations and cultures." Later that year the phrase was quoted in [[Walter P. Taylor]]'s essay "What is Ecology and What Good is it?" in the journal ''[[Ecology (journal)|Ecology]]'' Vol. 17 (July 1936). This was the first use of the phrase in an [[ecological]] context.<ref name="rexweyler.com">{{Cite web |url=http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/greenpeace-history/declaration-of-interdependence/ |title=Greenpeace History Declaration of Interdependence |access-date=2013-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008064009/http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/greenpeace-history/declaration-of-interdependence/ |archive-date=2012-10-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:DeclarationofInterdependence.jpg|thumb|right|150px|A copy of Durant's Declaration of INTERdependence]]

On April 8, 1944 American philosopher and historian [[Will Durant]] was approached by two leaders of the Jewish and Christian faiths, [[Meyer David]] and Dr. [[Christian Richard]] about starting "a movement, to raise moral standards." He suggested instead that they start a movement against racial [[Ethnic intolerance (disambiguation)|intolerance]] and outlined his ideas for a "Declaration of Interdependence". The movement for the declaration, Declaration of INTERdependence, Inc., was launched at a gala dinner at the [[Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel]] on March 22, 1945 attended by over 400 people including [[Thomas Mann]] and [[Bette Davis]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120310225853/http://www.willdurant.com/interdependence.htm Will Durant Online: The Gentle Philosopher]</ref> The Declaration was read into the ''[[Congressional Record]]'' on October 1, 1945 by [[Ellis E. Patterson]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111218080336/http://www.willdurant.com/decenglish.pdf] other [https://web.archive.org/web/20120310225853/http://www.willdurant.com/interdependence.htm sources] say it was in 1949</ref>

In 1969 [[Cliff Humphrey]], founder of [[Ecology Action]], drafted a "Unanimous Declaration of Interdependence" and published it in ''[[Whole Earth Catalogue|Whole Earth Catalogue Supplement]]'' September 1969.<ref name="rexweyler.com"/>

In 1976 two "Declarations of Interdependence" were presented to the public. One was the "Greenpeace Declaration of Interdependence" published by [[Greenpeace]] in the ''Greenpeace Chronicles'' (Winter 1976-77). This declaration was a condensation of a number of ecological manifestos [[Robert Hunter (journalist)|Bob Hunter]] had written over the years. The “Three basic Laws of Ecology,” mentioned in the text were developed by [[Patrick Moore (consultant)|Patrick Moore]], with inspiration from the writings of [[Barry Commoner]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/greenpeace-history/declaration-of-interdependence/#6 |title=Rex Weyler » Declaration of Interdependence |access-date=2013-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008064009/http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/greenpeace-history/declaration-of-interdependence/#6 |archive-date=2012-10-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Another Declaration of Interdependence was drafted by [[Henry Steele Commager]] and presented to the [[World Affairs Councils of America|World Affairs Councils of Philadelphia]] on October 24, 1975. It was signed in a ceremony on January 30, 1976 at [[Congress Hall]], [[Independence National Historical Park]], Philadelphia by several members of Congress.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thefoundingfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/WACsigning.png |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-03-24 |url-status=usurped |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730174657/http://thefoundingfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/WACsigning.png |archivedate=2013-07-30 }}</ref> It was also "endorsed" by a number of [[non-governmental organizations]] and [[United Nations agencies|United Nations specialized agencies]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://thefoundingfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/US_Declaration_of_Interdependence_1976.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730180913/http://thefoundingfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/US_Declaration_of_Interdependence_1976.pdf |archive-date=2013-07-30 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

A document entitled "Declaration of interdependence: a new global ethics" was adopted by the board of directors of the [[International Humanist and Ethical Union]] on 31 December 1988.<ref>[http://iheu.org/content/declaration-interdependence-new-global-ethics Declaration of interdependence: a new global ethics] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010011004/http://iheu.org/content/declaration-interdependence-new-global-ethics |date=October 10, 2013 }}</ref>

[[David Suzuki]] wrote a Declaration of Interdependence in 1992 for that year's [[Earth Summit]]. As of September 2019, his [[David Suzuki Foundation|foundation]] had 22 translations of the declaration and used it to define the foundation's work.<ref>[http://www.davidsuzuki.org/about/declaration/ Declaration of Interdependence | About us | David Suzuki Foundation]</ref>

The [[PM Declaration of Interdependence]], a statement of management principles for software, was published in 2005.<ref name="alistair">[http://alistair.cockburn.us/index.php/The_declaration_of_interdependence_for_modern_management] The text on Alistair Cockburn's website.</ref>

The [https://bcorporation.net/about-b-corps B Corp Declaration of Interdependence] on socially responsible business is [https://bcorporation.net/about-b-corps here].

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*''[https://archive.org/details/selloutofamerica00carl The Sell-out Of America: Declaration of Independence versus Declaration of Interdependence plus Declaration of Dependence]'' by [[Carl McIntire]]

[[Category:Political charters]]
[[Category:Political catchphrases]]
[[Category:1945 documents]]
[[Category:1976 documents]]
[[Category:1988 documents]]
[[Category:1992 documents]]
[[Category:2005 documents]]

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Declaration of Interdependence - Revision history

imported>GhostInTheMachine: Adding short description: "Title used by various documents"