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{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{speciesbox
|image = Cryptocarya rigida leaves & fruit.JPG
|image_caption = Leaves and fruit
|genus = Cryptocarya
|species = rigida
|authority = [[Meisn.]]<ref name="APC">{{cite web |title=''Cryptocarya rigida'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/88567 |publisher=Australian Plant Census |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name= "APC" />
|synonyms =
* ''Cryptocarya patentinervis'' [[F.Muell.]] ex Meisn. nom. inval., pro syn.
* ''Cryptocarya patentinervis'' F.Muell. nom. inval., nom. nud.
* ''Cryptocarya patentinervis'' F.Muell. ex [[Benth]]. [[nom. illeg.]]
}}
[[File:Cryptocarya rigida leaf underside.JPG|thumb|''Cryptocarya rigida'' − underside of leaves]]

'''''Cryptocarya rigida''''', commonly known as '''rose maple''', '''southern maple''', '''rose walnut''', '''pigeonberry ash''', '''forest maple''' or '''brown beech''',<ref name="FoA">{{cite web |last1=Le Cussan |first1=J. |last2=Hyland |first2=Bernard P.M. |title=''Cryptocarya rigida'' |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Cryptocarya%20rigida |publisher=Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Lauraceae]] and is [[endemic]] to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, creamy green flowers, and elliptic black [[drupe]]s.

== Description ==
''Cryptocarya rigida'' is a shrub or small tree that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|10|m}} with a [[Diameter at breast height|dbh]] of about {{cvt|20|cm}} and has grey, thin corky bark, it stems not [[Buttress root|buttressed]]. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, {{cvt|60–135|mm}} long and {{cvt|12–50|mm}} wide, covered with soft hairs, and [[glaucous]] on the lower surface. The flowers are usually arranged in [[panicle]]s in leaf axils and shorter than the leaves. They are creamy-green, not perfumed, the [[perianth]] tube {{cvt|1.4–1.6|mm|2}} long and {{cvt|1.7–1.8|mm|2}} wide. The [[tepal]]s are {{cvt|1.5–2.0|mm}} long and {{cvt|0.9–1.5|mm}} wide, the outer [[Stamen#Morphology and terminology|anthers]] about {{cvt|0.8|mm|2}} long and {{cvt|0.6–0.7|mm|2}} wide, the inner anthers {{cvt|0.8–0.9|mm|2}} long and {{cvt|0.5–0.6|mm|2}} wide. Flowering occurs from October to March, and the fruit is an elliptic black drupe, {{cvt|17–25|mm|1}} long and {{cvt|11–17.5|mm}} wide with creamy [[cotyledon]]s.<ref name="FoA" /><ref>{{cite book |authorlink=Alexander Floyd |first=A.G. |last=Floyd |title=Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia |publisher=Inkata Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-9589436-7-3 |page=182}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |last1=Harden |first1=Gwen J. |title=''Cryptocarya rigida'' |url=https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Cryptocarya~rigida |publisher=Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
''Cryptocarya rigida'' was first formally described in 1864 by [[Carl Meissner]] in [[Augustin Pyramus de Candolle|de Candolle's]] ''[[Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis]]'' from specimens collected near the [[Clarence River (New South Wales)|Clarence River]] by [[Ferdinand von Mueller]].<ref name="APNI">{{cite web |title=''Cryptocarya rigida'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/instance/apni/509279|publisher=Australian Plant Name Index |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="Meisn.">{{cite book |last1=Meissner |first1=Carl |editor-last1=de Candolle |editor-first1=Augustin P. |title=Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta |date=1864 |publisher=Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz |location=Paris |page=508 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7165#page/514/mode/1up |access-date=8 October 2024}}</ref> The [[specific epithet]] (''rigida'') means 'rigid'.<ref name="Stearn">{{cite book |last1=Stearn |first1=William T |title=Botanical Latin |date=1992 |publisher=Timber Press |location=Portland Oregon |page=484}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
This species of ''Cryptocarya'' grows in rainforest, especially near the edges of rainforest, at altitudes between {{cvt|150–900|m}} from near [[Springbrook, Queensland|Springbrook]] in southern Queensland to [[Dungog]] and [[Ourimbah]] in New South Wales.<ref name="FoA" />

The species is extinct in the [[Illawarra]] region (34° S), allegedly seen there in 1818 by [[Allan Cunningham (botanist)|Allan Cunningham]].<ref name=BofeldtIllawarraPlantsAtRisk>{{Cite tech report | last1= Bofeldt | first1= Anders | year= 2011 | contribution= Table 1: ''Cryptocarya rigida'' | contribution-url= http://www.landcareillawarra.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Table-1.-Plants-at-risk-in-the-Illawarra-region.pdf | title= Plants at Risk in the Illawarra: Introduction to Table 1 | url= http://www.landcareillawarra.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Intro-to-table-1-by-Anders.pdf |format=PDF | version= Online via LandcareIllawarra.org.au | location= NSW | access-date= 25 Apr 2013 }}</ref>

==Use in horticulture==
Like most Australian species of ''[[Cryptocarya]]'', removal of the fleshy [[aril]] is advised to assist seed germination, which is slow but reliable with ''C. rigida''.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web |title=''Cryptocarya rigida'' Meisn. |work=Atlas of Living Australia |url=https://bie.ala.org.au/species/http://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2901043}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5190855}}

[[Category:Laurales of Australia]]
[[Category:Trees of Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]]
[[Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Cryptocarya|rigida]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Meissner]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1864]]

Cryptocarya rigida - Revision history

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