imported>William M. Connolley: better said before I think; (i.e. a new liberalism as a rejection of collectivism...) rather than specifically K

2024-12-13T10:39:25Z

better said before I think; (i.e. a new liberalism as a rejection of collectivism...) rather than specifically K

New page

{{Short description|Conference of neoliberal intellectuals}}
[[File:LIPPMANN, WALTER LCCN2016862741 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Walter Lippmann]] (1889–1974) after whom the colloquium was named]]
The '''Colloque Walter Lippmann''' ([[English language|English]]: '''Walter Lippmann Colloquium'''), was a conference of intellectuals organized in [[Paris]] in August 1938 by French philosopher [[Louis Rougier]].<ref name="MirowskiPlehwe2009-1">{{cite book|last=Denord|first=François|editor=Philip Mirowski and Dieter Plehwe|title=The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JiSnS3q0OAMC|accessdate=22 August 2012|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0674033184|pages=45–67|chapter=French Neoliberalism and its Divisions: From the Colloque Walter Lippmann to the Fifth Republic}}</ref> After interest in [[classical liberalism]] had declined in the 1920s and 1930s, the aim was to construct a new [[liberalism]] as a rejection of [[Collectivist anarchism|collectivism]], [[socialism]] and ''[[laissez-faire]]'' liberalism.<ref name="MirowskiPlehwe2009">{{cite book|last=Plehwe|first=Dieter|editor=Philip Mirowski and Dieter Plehwe|title=The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JiSnS3q0OAMC|accessdate=22 August 2012|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0674033184|page=13|chapter=Introduction}}</ref> At the meeting, the term [[neoliberalism]] was coined by [[Germany|German]] [[sociologist]] and [[economist]] [[Alexander Rüstow]], referring to the rejection of the old ''laissez-faire'' liberalism.<ref name="MirowskiPlehwe2009"/>

== Namesake ==
The colloquium was named after American journalist [[Walter Lippmann]]. Lippman's 1937 book ''An Enquiry into the Principles of the Good Society'' had been translated into French as ''La Cité libre'' ({{Literal translation|The Free City}}) and was studied in detail at the meeting.

== Importance ==
Twenty-six intellectuals, including some of the most prominent liberal thinkers, took part. The participants chose to set up an organization to promote liberalism which was called the ''Comité international d'étude pour le renouveau du libéralisme'' (CIERL). Though CIERL had few consequences because of the war, it inspired Austrian-British [[economist]] and [[philosopher]] [[Friedrich Hayek]] in the postwar creation of the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] in Switzerland.

[[Michel Foucault]]'s 1978–1979 [[Collège de France]] lectures, published a quarter of a century later as ''[[The Birth of Biopolitics]]'', drew attention to the importance of the Walter Lippmann Colloquium.<ref name="Foucault2010"/>

== Ideological cleavages ==
The participants were divided into two primary camps; one, represented by [[Ludwig von Mises]], [[Jacques Rueff]], and [[Étienne Mantoux]], which advocated a strict adherence to [[Manchester liberalism]] and ''laissez-faire''; the other camp, represented by [[Alexander Rüstow]], [[Raymond Aron]], [[Wilhelm Röpke]], [[Auguste Detoeuf]], [[Robert Marjolin]], [[Friedrich Hayek]], [[Louis Marlio]], and [[Walter Lippmann]], opted for a kind of [[social liberalism]] which was more favorable to state intervention and regulation.<ref name="Rosenblatt">{{cite book |last1=Rosenblatt |first1=Helena |title=French Liberalism from Montesquieu to the Present Day |date=2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=214–219}}</ref>

== Participants ==
Participants of the Colloquium included:<ref name="Foucault2010">{{cite book|last=Foucault|first=Michel|authorlink=Michel Foucault|others=tr, Graham Burchell|title=The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1978–1979|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IX1CAQAACAAJ|accessdate=22 August 2012|year=2010|publisher=Picador|isbn=978-0312203412|pages=132–133, 151–152}}</ref>
* [[Raymond Aron]], French philosopher, sociologist, journalist and political scientist
* [[Roger Auboin]], French economist and public servant
* [[Friedrich Hayek]], Austrian and British economist and philosopher
* [[Walter Lippmann]], American writer, reporter and political commentator
* [[Auguste Detœuf]], French economist
* [[Étienne Mantoux]], French economist
* [[Robert Marjolin]], French economist and politician
* [[Louis Marlio]], French economist
* [[Ernest Mercier]], French industrialist
* [[Ludwig von Mises]], Austro-Hungarian born economist
* [[Michael Polanyi]], Hungarian-British [[polymath]]
* [[Stefan Thomas Possony]], Austro-Hungarian born economist and military strategist
* [[Wilhelm Röpke]], German economist
* [[Louis Rougier]], French philosopher
* [[Jacques Rueff]], French economist
* [[Alexander Rüstow]], German sociologist and economist

[[Walter Eucken]] was invited to the colloquium, but he was not given permission to leave Germany by the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi regime]].

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714143848/http://www.standpointmag.co.uk/node/828/full Beacon of Liberty Amid Depression]

{{neoliberalism}}

[[Category:History of liberalism]]
[[Category:Neoliberalism]]
[[Category:Conservatism in France]]
[[Category:1938 in France]]
[[Category:1938 conferences]]

Colloque Walter Lippmann - Revision history

imported>William M. Connolley: better said before I think; (i.e. a new liberalism as a rejection of collectivism...) rather than specifically K