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41.13.12.42: Improved past tense grammar

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Improved past tense grammar

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← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:15, 26 June 2025
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	'''Clan Chattan''' ({{langx\|gd\|Na Catanaich}} or {{Lang\|gd\|Clann Chatain}}),<ref name="m1">{{cite web \|author=Mac an Tàilleir, Iain \|title=Ainmean Pearsanta \|url=http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/cuspair/Ainmean_pearsanta.docx \|work=[[Sabhal Mòr Ostaig]] \|access-date=15 October 2009 \|format=[[docx]] \|archive-date=17 July 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717141309/http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/cuspair/Ainmean_pearsanta.docx \|url-status=dead }}</ref> also sometimes referred to as "Clan Dhugaill" (Quehele) after its progenitor Dougall-Dall, is a unique confederation of [[Scottish Highlands\|Highland]] clans.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan">{{cite book \|last1=Way \|first1=George of Plean \|last2=Squire \|first2=Romilly of Rubislaw \|author-link2=Romilly Squire of Rubislaw \|author-link1=George Way of Plean \|year=1994 \|title=Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=[[HarperCollins]] (for the [[Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs]]) \|isbn=0-00-470547-5 \|pages=102–103}}</ref> This distinctive allied community<ref>{{cite book \|last=Fraser-Mackintosh \|first=Charles \|author-link=Charles Fraser-Mackintosh \|year=1898 \|title=An Account of the Confederation of Clan Chattan, Its Kith and Kin \|url=https://archive.org/details/accountofconfede00mack \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=John MacKay 'Celtic Monthly' Office \|access-date=25 December 2020}}</ref> comprised at its greatest extent seventeen separate clans (currently twelve),<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.clanchattan.org.uk/ \|title=Clan Chattan Association \|website=clanchattan.org.uk \|access-date=31 May 2021}}</ref> who each had their own [[Scottish clan chief\|clan chief]] recognized under Scottish law, but were further united and bound to the superior chief of the Confederation for mutual solidarity, sustenance and protection in the Middle Ages and [[early modern period]] in the [[Great Glen]] and [[Cairngorms]]. A tribal coalition of this magnitude was a source of apprehension to both the Lord of the Isles and the Kings of Scots and records exist of machinations to "crying doon the Clan Chattan" by ~~formenting~~ internal dissension.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Adam \|first=Frank \|year=1907 \|title=The Clans, Septs and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands \|url=https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf \|location=Edinburgh \|publisher=[[W. & A. K. Johnston]] \|pages=[https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf 208]–209 \|access-date=April 12, 2025 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250412180444/https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf \|archive-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>		'''Clan Chattan''' ({{langx\|gd\|Na Catanaich}} or {{Lang\|gd\|Clann Chatain}}),<ref name="m1">{{cite web \|author=Mac an Tàilleir, Iain \|title=Ainmean Pearsanta \|url=http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/cuspair/Ainmean_pearsanta.docx \|work=[[Sabhal Mòr Ostaig]] \|access-date=15 October 2009 \|format=[[docx]] \|archive-date=17 July 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717141309/http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/cuspair/Ainmean_pearsanta.docx \|url-status=dead }}</ref> also sometimes referred to as "Clan Dhugaill" (Quehele) after its progenitor Dougall-Dall, is a unique confederation of [[Scottish Highlands\|Highland]] clans.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan">{{cite book \|last1=Way \|first1=George of Plean \|last2=Squire \|first2=Romilly of Rubislaw \|author-link2=Romilly Squire of Rubislaw \|author-link1=George Way of Plean \|year=1994 \|title=Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=[[HarperCollins]] (for the [[Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs]]) \|isbn=0-00-470547-5 \|pages=102–103}}</ref> This distinctive allied community<ref>{{cite book \|last=Fraser-Mackintosh \|first=Charles \|author-link=Charles Fraser-Mackintosh \|year=1898 \|title=An Account of the Confederation of Clan Chattan, Its Kith and Kin \|url=https://archive.org/details/accountofconfede00mack \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=John MacKay 'Celtic Monthly' Office \|access-date=25 December 2020}}</ref> comprised at its greatest extent seventeen separate clans (currently twelve),<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.clanchattan.org.uk/ \|title=Clan Chattan Association \|website=clanchattan.org.uk \|access-date=31 May 2021}}</ref> who each had their own [[Scottish clan chief\|clan chief]] recognized under Scottish law, but were further united and bound to the superior chief of the Confederation for mutual solidarity, sustenance and protection in the Middle Ages and [[early modern period]] in the [[Great Glen]] and [[Cairngorms]]. A tribal coalition of this magnitude was a source of apprehension to both the Lord of the Isles and the Kings of Scots and records exist of machinations to "crying doon the Clan Chattan" by fomenting internal dissension.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Adam \|first=Frank \|year=1907 \|title=The Clans, Septs and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands \|url=https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf \|location=Edinburgh \|publisher=[[W. & A. K. Johnston]] \|pages=[https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf 208]–209 \|access-date=April 12, 2025 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250412180444/https://heritagelib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/McPherson29.pdf \|archive-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>

	==Origins and early history==		==Origins and early history==
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	* The most widely accepted theory is that they descended from Gillichattan Mor who was the great servant of [[Saint Cathan]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> Gillichattan is believed to have been appointed the ''co-arb'' or [[bailie]] of the abbey lands of [[Ardchattan Priory]], by the Lord of Argyll, [[Donnchadh of Argyll\|Duncan MacDougall]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book \|last=Hewison \|first=James King \|author-link=James King Hewison \|year=1893 \|title=The Isle of Bute in the Olden Time, with illustrations, maps and plans \|url=https://archive.org/details/isleofbuteinolde01hewiuoft/page/n5/mode/2up \|volume=1 \|location=Edinburgh and London \|publisher=[[William Blackwood & Sons]] \|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isleofbuteinolde01hewiuoft/page/138/mode/2up 138], 229, 232, 248 \|access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>		* The most widely accepted theory is that they descended from Gillichattan Mor who was the great servant of [[Saint Cathan]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> Gillichattan is believed to have been appointed the ''co-arb'' or [[bailie]] of the abbey lands of [[Ardchattan Priory]], by the Lord of Argyll, [[Donnchadh of Argyll\|Duncan MacDougall]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book \|last=Hewison \|first=James King \|author-link=James King Hewison \|year=1893 \|title=The Isle of Bute in the Olden Time, with illustrations, maps and plans \|url=https://archive.org/details/isleofbuteinolde01hewiuoft/page/n5/mode/2up \|volume=1 \|location=Edinburgh and London \|publisher=[[William Blackwood & Sons]] \|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isleofbuteinolde01hewiuoft/page/138/mode/2up 138], 229, 232, 248 \|access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>

	In the time of [[Malcolm II of Scotland]] the Clan Chattan possessed the lands of [[Glen Loy]] and [[Loch Arkaig]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> It was here that [[Tor Castle]] became the clan chief's seat.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> Not much is certain about the history of the clan until towards the end of the 13th century.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/>		In the time of [[Malcolm II of Scotland]], the Clan Chattan possessed the lands of [[Glen Loy]] and [[Loch Arkaig]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> It was here that [[Tor Castle]] became the clan chief's seat.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/> Not much is certain about the history of the clan until towards the end of the 13th century.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Chattan"/>

	===The merging of the Chattan and Mackintosh clans===		===The merging of the Chattan and Mackintosh clans===
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	*1454 [[Battle of Clachnaharry]], skirmish with [[Clan Munro]] on passage money demanded by Clan Mackintosh.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Shaw \|first=Lachlan \|date=1882 \|title=The History of the Province of Moray\|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofprovinc03shawuoft#page/n5/mode/2up \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=Hamilton, Adams, & Co., London and Thomas D. Morrison, Glasgow\|pages=[https://archive.org/stream/historyofprovinc03shawuoft#page/120/mode/2up 120]–121 \|access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>		*1454 [[Battle of Clachnaharry]], skirmish with [[Clan Munro]] on passage money demanded by Clan Mackintosh.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Shaw \|first=Lachlan \|date=1882 \|title=The History of the Province of Moray\|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofprovinc03shawuoft#page/n5/mode/2up \|location=[[Glasgow]] \|publisher=Hamilton, Adams, & Co., London and Thomas D. Morrison, Glasgow\|pages=[https://archive.org/stream/historyofprovinc03shawuoft#page/120/mode/2up 120]–121 \|access-date=April 12, 2025}}</ref>
	*1491 [[Raid on Ross]]		*1491 [[Raid on Ross]]
	*1526 Hector Mackintosh, uncle of the infant chief of Mackintosh raised the town of [[Dyke, Moray\|Dyke]] against the [[Earl of Moray]] who had the infant in his custody<ref name="Macpherson, A. 1902">Macpherson, A. (1902). The loyal dissuasive and other papers concerning the affairs of Clan Chattan. Edinburgh: Scottish History Society.</ref>		*1526 Hector Mackintosh, uncle of the infant chief of Mackintosh raised the town of [[Dyke, Moray\|Dyke]] against the [[Earl of Moray]] who had the infant [[William Mackintosh, 15th of Mackintosh\|William Mackintosh]] in his custody<ref name="Macpherson, A. 1902">Macpherson, A. (1902). The loyal dissuasive and other papers concerning the affairs of Clan Chattan. Edinburgh: Scottish History Society.</ref>
	*1528 [[James V of Scotland\|King James V]] issues a [[Letters of fire and sword\|commission of Fire and Sword]] against the entire Clan Chattan with the Earl of Moray to carry out "utter extermination and destruction" of the clan and its supporters "leaving none alive except priests, women and children" in an effort to catch Hector Mackintosh.		*1528 [[James V of Scotland\|King James V]] issues a [[Letters of fire and sword\|commission of Fire and Sword]] against the entire Clan Chattan with the Earl of Moray to carry out "utter extermination and destruction" of the clan and its supporters "leaving none alive except priests, women and children" in an effort to catch Hector Mackintosh.
	*1531 Clan Mackintosh lay siege to [[Darnaway Castle]]<ref name="Macpherson, A. 1902"/><ref>Macpherson, A. G. (1982). The seanchaidhean, Historians of the Macphersons (Part 2). Journal of the Clan Chattan Association, 7(6), pg 356–359</ref>		*1531 Clan Mackintosh lay siege to [[Darnaway Castle]]<ref name="Macpherson, A. 1902"/><ref>Macpherson, A. G. (1982). The seanchaidhean, Historians of the Macphersons (Part 2). Journal of the Clan Chattan Association, 7(6), pg 356–359</ref>
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	* 1618 Fire and Sword: Sir Lauchlan Mackintosh obtained commission against [[Clan MacDonald of Keppoch\|Macdonalds of Keppoch]] for laying waste his lands in Lochaber. He conceived he had a right to the services of the whole Confederation but some were now tenants of the Marquis of Huntly, but were ordered nonetheless. This offended the [[George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly\|Earl of Enzie]], the marquis's son, who summoned Mackintosh before the Privy Council, for having, as he asserted, exceeded his commission.		* 1618 Fire and Sword: Sir Lauchlan Mackintosh obtained commission against [[Clan MacDonald of Keppoch\|Macdonalds of Keppoch]] for laying waste his lands in Lochaber. He conceived he had a right to the services of the whole Confederation but some were now tenants of the Marquis of Huntly, but were ordered nonetheless. This offended the [[George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly\|Earl of Enzie]], the marquis's son, who summoned Mackintosh before the Privy Council, for having, as he asserted, exceeded his commission.
	**1624 Raid on John Steward, Cattle raid by Gillichallum Mackintosh<ref name="Koufopoulos, A. J 1745"/>		**1624 Raid on John Steward, Cattle raid by Gillichallum Mackintosh<ref name="Koufopoulos, A. J 1745"/>
	**1630 Outlaw James Grant of Carron and his freebooters ~~was~~ surprised at Auchnachayle in [[Strathdon]] in the night, where a skirmish ensued killing four of the cateran, taken prisoner and sent to Edinburgh for trial.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://electricscotland.com/webclans/dtog/grant2.html \| title=Clan Grant }}</ref><ref>Eyre-Todd, George, Armorial Bearings of the Chiefs of Highland Clans of Scotland: Their History and Traditions. With an Introduction by A. M. Mackintosh, Volume One, D.APPLETON AND COMPANY, New York MCMXXIII pg 153</ref>		**1630 Outlaw James Grant of Carron and his freebooters were surprised at Auchnachayle in [[Strathdon]] in the night, where a skirmish ensued killing four of the cateran, the rest taken prisoner and sent to Edinburgh for trial.<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://electricscotland.com/webclans/dtog/grant2.html \| title=Clan Grant }}</ref><ref>Eyre-Todd, George, Armorial Bearings of the Chiefs of Highland Clans of Scotland: Their History and Traditions. With an Introduction by A. M. Mackintosh, Volume One, D.APPLETON AND COMPANY, New York MCMXXIII pg 153</ref>
	**1633 Clan Farquharson skirmish with Maclaughlins near the Braes of Mar attempting to steal cattle and raid plunder.<ref>Robert, Sir, Bart Gordon, Gilbert of Sallagh Gordon, A genealogical history of the Earldom of Sutherland from its origin to the year 1630. With a continuation to the year 1651, printed in 1831 pg 461</ref>		**1633 Clan Farquharson skirmish with Maclaughlins near the Braes of Mar attempting to steal cattle and raid plunder.<ref>Robert, Sir, Bart Gordon, Gilbert of Sallagh Gordon, A genealogical history of the Earldom of Sutherland from its origin to the year 1630. With a continuation to the year 1651, printed in 1831 pg 461</ref>
	**1634 Raid on Hew Ross, Cattle raid by Clan Mackintosh<ref name="Koufopoulos, A. J 1745"/>		**1634 Raid on Hew Ross, Cattle raid by Clan Mackintosh<ref name="Koufopoulos, A. J 1745"/>

Clan Chattan - Revision history

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41.13.12.42: Improved past tense grammar

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