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{{short description|British physicist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
[[file:Charles Chree.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Charles Chree (circa 1900)]]

'''Charles Chree''', FRS (5 May 1860 – 12 August 1928) was a [[UK|British]] physicist, an authority on terrestrial magnetism and atmospheric electricity, and for 32 years Superintendent of Kew Observatory.<ref name="TimesObit"/>

Chree was born in Lintrathen, Forfarshire, Scotland on 5 May 1860, second son to Rev Charles Chree.<ref name="TimesObit">Obituary Dr Charles Chree, The Times Tuesday Aug 14 1928</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Obituary: Charles Chree|journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society|date=October 1928|volume=54|issue=228|page=343|bibcode = 1928QJRMS..54..343B |doi = 10.1002/qj.49705422812 |last1=Browning|first1=L. H.}}</ref> He was educated at the Grammar School, Old Aberdeen, the [[University of Aberdeen]] where he graduated MA in 1879 and the [[University of Cambridge]] where he graduated as Sixth [[Wrangler (University of Cambridge)|Wrangler]] (MA, 1883).<ref name="TimesObit"/>

Chree was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] in 1897,<ref name="TimesObit"/> his candidacy citation listing his achievements as: "''Author of the following memoirs, and of many others on analogous subjects - 1. Effects of pressure on the Magnetisation of Cobalt, Phil Trans: 1890 2. Conduction of heat in liquids, Proc: R. Soc: 1887. 3. Stresses and strains in isotropic, elastic, solid ellipsoids, etc, Proc: R. Soc: 1895. 4. A solution of the equations Equilibrium of elastic solids etc, etc, Camb: Phil: Trans: XV. 5. On some compound vibrating systems, Camb: Phil: Trans: XV. 6. Changes in dimensions of solids due to given systems of forces. Camb: Phil: Trans: XV. 7. The isotropic elastic sphere and spherical shell, Camb: Phil: Trans: XV. 8. Forced vibrations in isotropic, elastic, solid spheres, and spherical shells. Camb: Phil. Trans XVI. 9. Rotating, elastic, solid cylinders of elliptic section. Phil: Mag. 1892. 10. Contribution to the theory of the Robinson Cap auxmomoter. Phil: Mag: 1895. 11. Longitudinal vibrations of aeolotropic bars with one axis of material symmetry. Quar: Journ: Math: 1890. 12. Isotropic, elastic solids of nearly spherical form. Amer: Journ: Mathem: XVI''".<ref>{{cite magazine|title=CHREE, Charles|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|page=331|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA331}}</ref>

Chree was awarded the James Watt medal by the [[Institution of Civil Engineers]] in 1905.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Obituary Notices of the Royal Society|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A|date=1 February 1929|volume=122|issue=790|page=i-xviii|url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Obits2/Chree_RS_Obituary.html}}</ref>

He was President of the [[Physical Society of London]] between 1908 and 1910.

Chree won the Royal Society [[Hughes Medal]] in 1919 "''for his researches in terrestrial magnetism''".<ref name="TimesObit"/>

Chree served as president of the [[Royal Meteorological Society]] from 1922 to 1923.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.rmets.org/about/history/presidents.php| title= List of Presidents| publisher= Royal Meteorological Society| accessdate= 20 December 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120207191651/http://www.rmets.org/about/history/presidents.php| archive-date= 2012-02-07| url-status= dead}}</ref>

He was appointed Superintendent of [[Kew Observatory]] in 1893, a post he retained until 1925, a remarkably long period of 32 years.<ref name="TimesObit"/> During his tenure of office he was responsible for testing thousands of chronometers, watches, thermometers and other scientific instruments,<ref name="TimesObit"/> success in which tests gained the award of a "Kew Certificate".

Chree received degrees of D.Sc. from Cambridge in 1895 and LL.D. from Aberdeen in 1898.<ref name="TimesObit"/>

The [[Charles Chree Medal|Chree Medal and Prize]] of the [[Institute of Physics]] was named for him. The awards were renamed in 2008.

He died on Sunday 12 August 1928 in Worthing, Sussex. He was unmarried.<ref name="TimesObit"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Charles Chree}}
*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Chree}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chree, Charles}}
[[Category:1860 births]]
[[Category:1928 deaths]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Physical Society]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Royal Meteorological Society]]
[[Category:Scottish physicists]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Scottish scientists]]
[[Category:19th-century British physicists]]
[[Category:20th-century British physicists]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Aberdeen]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge]]

{{UK-physicist-stub}}

Charles Chree - Revision history

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