imported>ShelfSkewed: /* Invertebrates */ dab link

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Invertebrates: dab link

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	! Name !! Species !! Locality !! Material !! Notes !! Images		! Name !! Species !! Locality !! Material !! Notes !! Images
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	\| ''[[Lingula]]''		\| ''[[Lingula (brachiopod)\|Lingula]]''
	\| sp		\| sp
	\| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania		\| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania

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{{Short description|Unit of sedimentary rock in the US}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Catskill Formation
| image = Catskill1.jpg
| caption = Outcrop of the Irish Valley Member of the Catskill Formation along the [[Horseshoe Curve (Altoona, Pennsylvania)|Horseshoe Curve]], [[Blair County, Pennsylvania|Blair County]], [[Pennsylvania]]
| type = [[Sedimentary rock|sedimentary]]
| age = {{fossil range|365.2|358.8|[[Late Devonian]] (Late [[Famennian]])}}
| period = Devonian
| prilithology = [[Sandstone]]
| otherlithology = [[Siltstone]], [[shale]]
| namedfor = [[Catskill Mountains]], New York
| namedby =
| region = [[Appalachian Mountains]]
| country = United States
| coordinates =
| unitof =
| subunits =
| underlies = [[Rockwell Formation]], [[Huntley Mountain Formation]], [[Pocono Formation]], [[Spechty Kopf Formation]]
| overlies = [[Foreknobs Formation]], [[Lock Haven Formation]], [[Trimmers Rock Formation]]
| thickness = Up to {{convert|10000|ft|m|abbr=on}}
| extent = [[Pennsylvania]], [[New York (state)]]
| area =
| map =
| map_caption =
}}

The [[Devonian]] '''Catskill Formation''' or the '''Catskill Clastic Wedge''' is a unit of mostly terrestrial [[sedimentary]] rock found in [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New York (state)|New York]]. Minor marine layers exist in this thick rock unit (up to {{convert|10000|ft|m}}). It is equivalent to the [[Hampshire Formation]] of [[Maryland]], [[West Virginia]], and [[Virginia]].

The Catskill is the largest bedrock unit of the [[Upper Devonian]] in northeast Pennsylvania and the [[Catskill Mountains|Catskill region]] of New York, from which its name is derived. The [[Pocono Mountains]] of Pennsylvania are largely underlain by this unit as well. The rocks of the Catskill are a [[clastic wedge]] of predominantly [[sandstone|red sandstone]], indicating a large-scale terrestrial [[Deposition (sediment)|deposition]] during the [[Acadian orogeny]]. Many beds are cyclical in nature, preserving the record of a dynamic environment during its approximately 20 million years of deposition.

The Catskill Formation preserves a highly diverse paleobiota, including many early [[Sarcopterygii|sarcopterygians]] (especially [[Tetrapodomorpha|tetrapodomorphs]]), providing important evidence about the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates. The formation also provides important fossils about the evolution of [[Embryophyte|land plants]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Broussard |first1=David R. |last2=Trop |first2=Jeffrey M. |last3=Benowitz |first3=Jeff A. |last4=Daeschler |first4=Edward B. |last5=Chamberlain |first5=John A. |last6=Chamberlain |first6=Rebecca B. |date=2018-12-15 |title=Depositional setting, taphonomy and geochronology of new fossil sites in the Catskill Formation (Upper Devonian) of north-central Pennsylvania, USA, including a new early tetrapod fossil |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018218303274 |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=511 |pages=168–187 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.07.033 |bibcode=2018PPP...511..168B |issn=0031-0182|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

== Geology ==

=== Depositional environment ===
[[File:Catskill-slab-new.jpg|thumb|right|Cut slab of the Catskill Formation from the Coleman [[Quarry]] of the Endless Mountain Stone Company, [[Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania|Susquehanna County]], Pennsylvania, showing mud clasts within sandstone]]
[[File:Meandering catskill MCR1.JPG|thumb|right|Point bar deposits in the Catskill Formation (Devonian) near North Bend, PA.]]
During the Devonian period, the Catskill Delta was formed by a series of river deltas and otherwise marshy terrain. This terrain was sandwiched between the epicontinental [[Kaskaskia sequence|Kaskaskia Sea]] in central [[North America]] and the now-vanished [[Acadian Mountains]]. Erosion brought sediment from the mountain westwards into the sea, forming the deltas.

Eventually, the Delta formation was buried and transformed into sandstone, which was then revealed in places when the [[Catskill Mountains|Catskill]] and [[Appalachian Mountains]] were formed at a later date. This transformation and uncovering is the primary reason why the Catskill Delta is notable in the present. Western Pennsylvania's [[petroleum]] was formed as a consequence. This was the first major oil region to be developed.

The Catskill was once considered to be related to the [[Old Red Sandstone]], but in actuality, the two are only coincidentally similar. Both formed at approximately the same time, and under similar conditions: to the north of the Acadian Mountains were the Caledonian Mountains, and a similar region of marsh and river delta formed there.

=== Glacial erosion ===
Though both mountain ranges were formed during the [[Acadian orogeny]], the Catskill Mountains, unlike the Appalachian Mountains underwent glacial erosion.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rich|first=John Lyon|date=1906|title=Local Glaciation in the Catskill Mountains|journal=The Journal of Geology|volume=14|issue=2|pages=113–121|jstor=30055593|doi=10.1086/621285|bibcode=1906JG.....14..113R |s2cid=129029014 }}</ref> Much of what formed the Catskills as they stand today is a result of the [[Wisconsin glaciation]] which ended only about 12,000 years ago.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Catskills in the Ice Age|last=Titus|first=Robert|publisher=Purple Mountain Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-935796-77-3|location=Flieschmanns, New York|pages=14–29}}</ref>

There are many signs of the [[Glacial period]] event which carved the current day [[Catskill Mountains]].

These markers include:

* Glacial Erratics such as the [[Devils Tombstone]]<ref name=":0" />
* Striations
* "Dance Floors" such as [[Pratt Rock]]<ref name=":0" />
*[[Terminal moraine]]s

=== Members ===

==== Eastern Pennsylvania ====
Towamensing, Walcksville, Beaverdam Run, Long Run, Packerton, Poplar Gap, Sawmill Run, Berry Run, Clarks Ferry, and Duncannon.

==== Central Pennsylvania ====
Irish Valley, Sherman Creek, Buddys Run, Clarks Ferry, and Duncannon.

{{Wide image|Geologic cross section of Devonian strata from New York to Alabama.svg|1000px|Geologic cross section of upper to middle Devonian strata from [[Cherry Valley (town), New York|Cherry Valley]], [[New York (state)|New York]], south-southwest across the [[Allegheny Plateau]] and then along the [[Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians]] to [[Tennessee]]. The Catskill Formation is at the top.<ref name=USGS2006-5198>{{cite journal
|author1=Boughton, Carol J. |author2=McCoy, Kurt J. | publisher = U.S. Geological Survey
| year = 2006
| title = Hydrogeology, Aquifer Geochemistry, and Ground-Water Quality in Morgan County, West Virginia
|journal=USGS Report |series=Scientific Investigations Report |page=81 |doi=10.3133/sir20065198 |bibcode=2006usgs.rept...81B | url = http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5198/
| id= Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5198
|url-access=subscription }}</ref>|100%|left}}
{{clear}}

== Paleobiota ==

{{paleobiota-key-compact}}

===Plants===

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Plantae]]'''
|-
! Name !! Species !! Locality !! Material !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Taeniocrada]]''
| sp
| Catskill Formatiom, Potter County
| >80 Specimens
|
|
|-
| ''[[Barinophyton]]''
| citrulliforme
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| >20 specimens
|
|
|-
|
| cf. obscurum
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
|
|
|
|-
|
| ssp.
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| >100 Specimens
|
|
|-
| ''[[Protobarinophyton]]''
| P. pennsylvanicum
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| 2 Specimens of megaspore
| The genus these spore are attached to belong to an early group of land plants from the Silurian.
|
|-
| ''[[Rhacophyton ]]''
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Lycopsida]]''
| Indeterminate
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| 8 Specimens
|
|
|-
| ''[[Archaeopteris]]''
| A.ssp
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| >160 Specimens
| One of the earliest known large "tree" like plants to take root
|
|-
|}

===Invertebrates===

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Protostome]]s'''
|-
! Name !! Species !! Locality !! Material !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Lingula]]''
| sp
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| 1 Specimen
|
|
|-
| ''[[Gigantocharinus]]''
| G.szatmaryi
| Red Hill Locality, Clinton County, Pennsylvainia
| Holotype consists of an extremely well preserved exoskeleton and a few impressions.
| The genus has helped begin brigding the gap between it's family's missing record from the Middle Devonian to the Late Carboniferous.<ref>https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-paleontology/article/abs/gigantocharinus-szatmaryi-a-new-trigonotarbid-arachnid-from-the-late-devonian-of-north-america-chelicerata-arachnida-trigonotarbida/D22B118C62AA9463871B46932CA82764</ref>
|
|-
| ''[[Orsadesmus]]''
| O.rubecollus
| Red Hill Locality, Clinton County, Pennsylvainia
| Holotype is an impression of the exoskeleton
| The species was described alongside the Quebec genus Zanclodesmus, forming a new family within the broad flat keeled members of the order Archidesmida.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/45644301/New_Flat_Backed_Archipolypodan_Millipedes_from_the_Upper_Devonian_of_North</ref>
|
|-
| ''[[Hallipterus]]''
| H.excelcior
| Catskill Formation, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Adelophthalmus]]''
| A.ssp
| Catskill Formation, Potter County, Pennsylvania
| 1 Specimen
| It was described in 2002 by W. E. Stein (2002) as an indeterminte Eurypterid, it was then redescribed as an indeterminte species of Adelophthalmus in 2022 by R. E. Plotnick (2022).<ref>https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8D4FFD7640A6FD82C65E1D4DD896855D/S0022336022000841a.pdf/eurypterids_from_the_price_formation_of_virginia_first_eurypterids_from_the_mississippian_of_north_america.pdf</ref>
|
|-
|}

=== Placoderms ===

{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="6" align="center" |[[Placoderm|Placoderms]] of the Catskill Formation
|-
!Genus
!Species
!Presence
!Material
!Notes
!Images
|-
|''[[Bothriolepis]]''
|''B.'' sp.
| Mansfield, Tioga County, Pennsylvania
|Abundant material, including mass mortality of hatchlings.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Downs |first1=Jason P. |last2=Criswell |first2=Katharine E. |last3=Daeschler |first3=Edward B. |date=2011 |title=Mass Mortality of Juvenile Antiarchs ( Bothriolepis sp.) from the Catskill Formation (Upper Devonian, Famennian Stage), Tioga County, Pennsylvania |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1635/053.161.0111 |journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia |language=en |volume=161 |issue=1 |pages=191–203 |doi=10.1635/053.161.0111 |bibcode=2011PANSP.161..191D |issn=0097-3157|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|A [[Bothriolepididae|bothriolepidid]]. Species unknown, though sometimes referred to as ''B. nitida''.<ref name=":1">{{Citation |last1=Daeschler |first1=Edward B. |title=Late Devonian paleontology and paleoenvironments at Red Hill and other fossil sites in the Catskill Formation of north-central Pennsylvania |date=2011-01-01 |work=From the Shield to the Sea: Geological Field Trips from the 2011 Joint Meeting of the GSA Northeastern and North-Central Sections |volume=20 |pages=0 |editor-last=Ruffolo |editor-first=Richard M. |url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/books/edited-volume/802/chapter-abstract/3908551/Late-Devonian-paleontology-and-paleoenvironments?redirectedFrom=fulltext |access-date=2025-04-15 |publisher=Geological Society of America |doi=10.1130/2011.0020(01) |isbn=978-0-8137-0020-5 |last2=Cressler |first2=Walter L., III |editor2-last=Ciampaglio |editor2-first=Charles N.|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|[[File:Bothriolepis canadensis (2024).png|frameless]]
|-
|''[[Groenlandaspis]]''
|''G. pennsylvanica<ref name=":1" />''
|
|
|A [[Groenlandaspididae|groenlandaspidid]].
|[[File:Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica.JPG|frameless]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Phyllolepis]]''
|''P. rossimontina''
|
|
| rowspan="2" |A [[Phyllolepididae|phyllolepidid]].
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Phyllolepis12DB.jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''P. thomsoni''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Long |first1=John A. |last2=Daeschler |first2=Edward B. |date=2013 |title=First Articulated Phyllolepid Placoderm from North America, with Comments on Phyllolepid Systematics |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1635/053.162.0103 |journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia |language=en |volume=162 |issue=1 |pages=33–46 |doi=10.1635/053.162.0103 |bibcode=2013PANSP.162...33L |issn=0097-3157|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|
|Articulated skeleton.
|-
|''[[Turrisaspis]]''
|''T. elektor<ref name=":1" />''
|
|
|A groenlandaspidid.
|[[File:Turrisaspis elektor.jpg|frameless]]
|}

=== Acanthodians ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="6" align="center" |[[Acanthodii|Acanthodians]] of the Catskill Formation
|-
!Genus
!Species
!Presence
!Material
!Notes
!Images
|-
|''[[Gyracanthus]]''
|''G.'' cf. ''sherwoodi<ref name=":1" />''
|
|
|A [[Gyracanthidae|gyracanthid]].
|[[File:Gyracanthus NT small cropped.png|frameless]]
|}

=== Chondrichthyans ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="6" align="center" |[[Chondrichthyes|Chondrichthyans]] of the Catskill Formation
|-
!Genus
!Species
!Presence
!Material
!Notes
!Images
|-
|''[[Ageleodus]]''
|''A. pectinatus''
| Red Hill Locality, Clinton County, Pennsylvainia
|Teeth
|A [[Holocephali|holocephalan]] of uncertain affinities.
|[[File:Ageleodus pectinatus.jpg|frameless|157x157px]]
|-
|''[[Ctenacanthus]]''
|''C.'' sp.
|
|
|A [[Ctenacanthiformes|ctenacanthiform]] [[Elasmobranchii|elasmobranch]].<ref name=":1" />
|[[File:Ctenacanthus concinnus.png|frameless]]
|}

=== Actinopterygians ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="6" align="center" |[[Actinopterygians]] of the Catskill Formation
|-
!Genus
!Species
!Presence
!Material
!Notes
!Images
|-
|''[[Limnomis]]''
|''L. delaneyi''
| Red Hill, Clinton County, Pennsylvania
| Holotype is a compressed skull.
|An early [[ray-finned fish]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Daeschler |first=Edward B. |date=2000 |title=An Early Actinopterygian Fish from the Catskill Formation (Late Devonian, Famennian) in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4065069 |journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia |volume=150 |pages=181–192 |jstor=4065069 |issn=0097-3157}}</ref>
|
|}

=== Sarcopterygians ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="6" align="center" |[[Sarcopterygii|Sarcopterygians]] of the Catskill Formation
|-
!Genus
!Species
!Presence
!Material
!Notes
!Images
|-
|''[[Apatorhynchus]]''
|''A. opistheretmus''
| Apatorhynchus-type locality, Tioga County, Pennsylvania
| Holotype is a partial skull, 1 specimen.
|A [[lungfish]] of uncertain affinities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Friedman |first1=Matt |last2=Daeschler |first2=Edward B. |date=2006 |title=Late Devonian (famennian) Lungfishes from the Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania, Usa |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00594.x |journal=Palaeontology |language=en |volume=49 |issue=6 |pages=1167–1183 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00594.x |bibcode=2006Palgy..49.1167F |issn=1475-4983}}</ref>
|
|-
|''[[Densignathus]]''
|''D. rowei''
|
|
|A [[Stegocephali|stegocephalian]] [[Tetrapodomorpha|tetrapodomorph]].<ref name="DEB00">{{cite journal |last=Daeschler |first=E.B. |year=2000 |title=Early tetrapod jaws from the Late Devonian of Pennsylvania, USA |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=301–308 |doi=10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0301:etjftl>2.0.co;2 |bibcode=2000JPal...74..301D |s2cid=131194763}}</ref>
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Eusthenodon]]''
|''E. bourdoni''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Downs |first1=Jason P. |last2=Barbosa |first2=Jeremy |last3=Daeschler |first3=Edward B. |date=2021-05-04 |title=A new species of Eusthenodon (Sarcopterygii, Tristichopteridae) from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and a review of Eusthenodon taxonomy |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2021.1976197 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=e1976197 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2021.1976197 |bibcode=2021JVPal..41E6197D |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|
|
| rowspan="2" |A [[Tristichopteridae|tristichopterid]] tetrapodomorph.
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Eusthenodon DB15 flipped.jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''E. leganihanne''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Downs |first1=Jason P. |last2=Osatchuck |first2=Madison M. |last3=Goodchild |first3=Owen A. |last4=Daeschler |first4=Edward B. |date=2022-11-25 |title=Second species of Eusthenodon (Tristichopteridae, Sarcopterygii) from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and a review of global Eusthenodon occurrence |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2023.2201627 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=e2201627 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2023.2201627 |bibcode=2022JVPal..42E1627D |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|
|
|-
|''[[Hyneria]]''
|''H. lindae''
| Red Hill Site, Clinton County, Pennsylvainia
| Holotype is a disarticulated skull and 3D body fossil.
|A tristichopterid tetrapodomorph.
|[[File:Hyneria (cropped) 2.jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''[[Hynerpeton]]''
|''H. bassetti''
|
|
|A stegocephalian tetrapodomorph.<ref name=":03">{{Cite journal |last1=Daeschler |first1=Edward B. |last2=Shubin |first2=Neil H. |last3=Thomson |first3=Keith S. |last4=Amaral |first4=William W. |date=29 July 1994 |title=A Devonian Tetrapod from North America |journal=Science |volume=265 |issue=5172 |pages=639–642 |bibcode=1994Sci...265..639D |doi=10.1126/science.265.5172.639 |pmid=17752761 |s2cid=2835592}}</ref>
|[[File:Hynerpeton BW.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Langlieria]]''
|''L. radiata''
|
|
| rowspan="2" |A tristichopterid tetrapodomorph. Originally identified as ''[[Holoptychius]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Daeschler |first1=Edward B. |last2=Downs |first2=Jason P. |last3=Matzko |first3=Chelsea |date=2019-05-09 |title=New material supports a description and taxonomic revision of Holoptychius ? radiatus (Sarcopterygii, Tristichopteridae) from the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation in Pennsylvania, USA |url=https://bioone.org/journals/proceedings-of-the-academy-of-natural-sciences-of-philadelphia/volume-167/issue-1/053.167.0102/New-material-supports-a-description-and-taxonomic-revision-of-Holoptychius/10.1635/053.167.0102.full |journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia |volume=167 |issue=1 |pages=11 |doi=10.1635/053.167.0102 |bibcode=2019PANSP.167...11D |issn=0097-3157|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Langleria.jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''L. smalingi''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Downs |first1=Jason P. |last2=Daeschler |first2=Edward B. |date=2022-04-22 |title=Second species of Langlieria (Tristichopteridae, Sarcopterygii) from the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and a new phylogenetic consideration of Tristichopteridae |url=https://bioone.org/journals/proceedings-of-the-academy-of-natural-sciences-of-philadelphia/volume-167/issue-1/053.167.0115/Second-species-of-Langlieria-Tristichopteridae-Sarcopterygii-from-the-Upper-Devonian/10.1635/053.167.0115.full |journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia |volume=167 |issue=1 |page=115 |doi=10.1635/053.167.0115 |bibcode=2022PANSP.167.0115D |issn=0097-3157|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|Irish Valley Member
|
|-
|''[[Megalichthys]]''
|''M. mullisoni''
|
|
|A [[Megalichthyidae|megalichthyid]] tetrapodomorph.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Downs |first1=Jason P. |last2=and Daeschler |first2=Edward B. |date=2020-03-03 |title=A New Species of Megalichthys (Sarcopterygii, Megalichthyidae) from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and a Report on the Cosmine-Covered Osteolepiform Fossils of the Catskill Formation |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2020.1774771 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=e1774771 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1774771 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E4771D |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|[[File:Megalichthys hibberti (cropped).jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''[[Sauripterus]]''
|''S. taylori''
| Sherman Creek Locality, Lycoming County, Pennsylvainia
| The Holotype is an articulated limb and 3 scales, there are 3 individuals.
|A [[Rhizodontida|rhizodontid]] tetrapodomorph.<ref>T.A. Stewart,J.B. Lemberg,N.K. Taft,I. Yoo,E.B. Daeschler,& N.H. Shubin, Fin ray patterns at the fin-to-limb transition, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 (3) 1612-1620,(2020). Marcus C. Davis, Shubin, N., & Daeschler, E. B. (2004). A New Specimen of Sauripterus taylori (Sarcopterygii, Osteichthyes) from the Famennian Catskill Formation of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24(1), 26–40.</ref>
|[[File:Sauripterus22DB.jpg|frameless]]
|-
|''[[Soederberghia]]''
|''S. groenlandica''
| Catskill Formation, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
|
|A [[Rhynchodipteridae|rhynchodipterid]] lungfish.<ref name=":2" />
|
|-
|''[[Sterropterygion]]''
|''S. brandei''
|
|
|An indeterminate [[Osteolepiformes|osteolepiform]] tetrapodomorph.<ref name=":3" />
|
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/vageol/vahist/catskilenv.html Depositional environments in the Catskill Clastic Wedge]
* ''[http://www.devoniantimes.org/index.html Devonian Times]'' Website summarize about Red Hill Shale in Catskill Formation

{{Chronostratigraphy of Pennsylvania}}
{{Portal bar|Devonian}}

[[Category:Geologic formations of New York (state)]]
[[Category:Geologic formations of Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Devonian Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Devonian System of North America]]
[[Category:Devonian geology of Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Devonian geology of New York (state)]]
[[Category:Devonian southern paleotemperate deposits]]
[[Category:Sandstone formations of the United States]]
[[Category:Shale formations of the United States]]
[[Category:Siltstone formations of the United States]]
[[Category:Deltaic deposits]]

Catskill Formation - Revision history

imported>ShelfSkewed: /* Invertebrates */ dab link

imported>TheseVGF: Fixed lint errors – fostered content