imported>Panamitsu: {{Use Australian English}} and general fixes

2024-07-31T07:44:28Z

{{Use Australian English}} and general fixes

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{{Short description|Species of orchid endemic to Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Pink fingers orchid
| image = Pink fingers.jpg
| image_caption = ''Caladenia carnea'' in the [[Midlands (Tasmania)|southern midlands]] of [[Tasmania]]
| genus = Caladenia
| species = carnea
| authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)|R.Br.]] (1810)
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="APNI" />
| synonyms =
* ''Caladenia catenata'' f. ''carnea'' ([[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]) N.Halle
* ''Caladenia catenata'' ([[James Edward Smith (botanist)|Sm.]]) [[George Claridge Druce|Druce]]
* ''Petalochilus carneus'' (R.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
}}

'''''Caladenia carnea''''', commonly known as '''pink fingers''', is a plant in the orchid family [[Orchidaceae]] and is [[endemism|endemic]] to eastern and south-eastern Australia, including [[Tasmania]]. It has a single thin, green leaf and one to five white or pink flowers with red stripes and two rows of yellow-tipped "calli" on their [[Labellum (botany)|labellum]].

==Description==
''Caladenia carnea'' is a terrestrial, [[Perennial plant|perennial]], [[deciduous]], [[Herbaceous plant|herb]] with an underground tuber and a single, sparsely hairy, narrow linear leaf, {{convert|90-150|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|3-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="Jones">{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page=36}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web|last1=Bernhardt|first1=Peter|title=''Caladenia carnea''|url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Caladenia~carnea|publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney: plantnet|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="RBGV">{{cite web|last1=Jeanes|first1=Jeff|title=''Caladenia carnea''|url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/5359797a-4643-4d9a-825e-47452f10d1a0|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria: vicflora|accessdate=28 October 2019}}</ref>

The [[inflorescence]] is a [[raceme]], {{convert|120-250|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} tall with between one and three, sometimes five flowers. The flowers are sometimes sweetly scented or musky. The [[wikt:dorsal|dorsal]] [[sepal]] is usually erect, {{convert|10-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|2-4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The [[wikt:lateral|lateral]] sepals and [[petal]]s are usually {{convert|8-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long with their outer surfaces covered with [[Gland (botany)|glandular]] hairs. Their outer surface is greenish-pink, sometimes striped, and the inner surface is pinkish or greenish white. The labellum is roughly egg-shaped, {{convert|5-8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and wide, white or pinkish with prominent red stripes. The sides of the labellum turn upwards while the centre part has a toothed edge, usually with yellow [[Labellum (botany)|calli]] and there are two lines of raised, club-like, yellow-tipped calli in the centre. The [[Column (botany)|column]] is curved with red bars on the inside surface and has narrow wings on its sides. Flowering occurs between August and November and is followed by a non-fleshy, [[Dehiscence (botany)|dehiscent]] [[Capsule (botany)|capsule]] containing a large number of seeds.<ref name="Jones" /><ref name="RBGS" /><ref name="RBGV" />[[File:Fink fingers finger.jpg|thumb|225px|Size compared to a finger]]

This species is often confused with ''[[Caladenia fuscata]]'' but that species always has one flower per plant and flowers a few weeks earlier than ''C. carnea''.<ref name="Jones" />

==Taxonomy==
''Caladenia carnea'' was first formally described by [[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|Robert Brown]] in 1810 and the description was published in ''[[Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae]]''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Caladenia carnea''|url= http://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/512543|publisher=APNI|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="R.Br.">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Robert|title=Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae|date=1810|location=London|page=324|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21871#page/192/mode/1up|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref> In 2001, David Jones and Mark Clements proposed changing the name to ''Petalochilus carneus'' but the change has not been widely accepted.<ref name=APNI(1)>{{cite web|title=''Petalochilus carneus''|url= http://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/575342|publisher=APNI|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
Pink fingers orchid occurs in [[Queensland]] south from [[Hervey Bay]],<ref name="Jones" /> the eastern half of [[New South Wales]],<ref name="RBGS" /> most of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] apart from the alps and far north west of that state.<ref name="RBGV" /> It also occurs in south-eastern [[South Australia]]<ref name="efloraSA">{{cite web|title=''Caladenia carnea''|url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&family=&genus=Caladenia&species=carnea&iname=&submit=Display|publisher=State Herbarium of South Australia|accessdate=29 July 2016}}</ref> and [[Tasmania]]. It grows in a wide range of habitats including heath, scrubland, woodland and forest, preferring well-drained soil. It often survives land clearing.<ref name="Jones" /><ref name="RBGS" /><ref name="RBGV" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3282189}}

[[Category:Caladenia|carnea]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1810]]
[[Category:Endemic orchids of Australia]]
[[Category:Orchids of South Australia]]
[[Category:Orchids of Tasmania]]
[[Category:Orchids of Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:Orchids of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Orchids of Queensland]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)]]

Caladenia carnea - Revision history

imported>Panamitsu: {{Use Australian English}} and general fixes