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{{Other places|Bystra (disambiguation){{!}}Bystra}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bystra
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =  
| image_skyline = Kozia Gora od strony Bystrej.JPG
| image_caption = View of the Bystra Valley
| image_flag =
| image_shield = POL Bystra COA.svg
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Silesian Voivodeship|Silesian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bielsko County|Bielsko]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Wilkowice|Wilkowice]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 16th century
| coordinates = {{coord|49|45|43|N|19|4|20|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| population_total = 3887
| website = http://bystra.pl
}}
'''Bystra''' {{IPAc-pl|'|b|y|s|t|r|a}} is a [[village]] in the administrative district of [[Gmina Wilkowice]], within [[Bielsko County]], [[Silesian Voivodeship]], in southern Poland.{{TERYT}} It lies approximately {{convert|3|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-west of [[Wilkowice, Bielsko County|Wilkowice]], {{convert|8|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south of [[Bielsko-Biała]], and {{convert|55|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south of the regional capital [[Katowice]].

The village is located in [[Silesian Beskids]], alongside Bystra stream. The name of the village is of topographic origin borrowed from an older name of the Bystra stream (nominative ''[[wiktionary:bystry#Polish|bystry]]'': ''fast, rapid'').

== History ==
The village lies along the Bystra stream, left tributary of [[Biała (Vistula)|Biała River]] that historically divided the village into two parts: ''Bystra Krakowska'' ([[Kraków|Cracovian]] Bystra) and ''Bystra Śląska'' (Silesian Bystra). They were therefore established in the 16th century as two separate villages.

=== Bystra Śląska ===
Silesian village lying on the left northern bank of the Bystra stream was first mentioned in 1570 when it was sold together with [[Mikuszowice|Silesian Mikuszowice]] and an adjacent wood by dukes of [[Cieszyn]] to the town of [[Bielsko]]. Soon after in 1572 it became a part [[Duchy of Bielsko|Bielsko state country]] (since 1754 Duchy of Bielsko) that was split from the [[Duchy of Teschen]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | author-link = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) |trans-title=Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2011 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 226 | language = pl |isbn = 978-83-926929-5-9 }}</ref> The village also politically belonged to the [[Habsburg monarchy]].

In the second half of the 19th century the village became a [[spa resort]], especially after opening a railway line in 1878 a nearby [[Wilkowice, Bielsko County|Wilkowice]].

After the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire]] a modern [[municipality|municipal division]] was introduced in the re-established [[Austrian Silesia]]. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the [[Districts of Austria|political]] and [[legal district]] of [[Bielsko]]. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 397 in 1880 to 548 in 1910 with a dwindling majority being native German-speakers (from 76.9% in 1880 to 51.7% in 1910) accompanied by a German-speaking minority (at most 14 or 1.9% in 1880), in terms of religion in 1910 majority were [[Roman Catholics]] (81.1%), followed by [[Protestants]] (14%), [[Jews]] (25 or 4.6%) and 2 people adhering to yet another faith.<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 257, 276 | language = pl |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076 }}</ref> It was then considered to be a part of a German [[language island]] around [[Bielsko]] (German: ''Bielitz-Bialaer Sprachinsel'').<ref name="island">{{cite web|url= http://inne-jezyki.amu.edu.pl/Frontend/Language/Details/11|title= hałcnowski i bielsko-bialska wyspa językowa|date= 2014|website= inne-jezyki.amu.edu.p|publisher= Dziedzictwo językowe Rzeczypospolitej|access-date= 12 September 2014|language= pl|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082255/http://inne-jezyki.amu.edu.pl/Frontend/Language/Details/11|archive-date= 6 October 2014|url-status= dead}}</ref>

=== Bystra Krakowska ===
Cracovian village lying on the right southern bank of the Bystra stream was also established in the 16th century. It belonged then to [[Żywiec]] [[latifundium]] and since 1618 to [[Łodygowice]] latifundium that was split from it. The village also politically belonged to the [[Crown of Poland]].

Upon the [[First Partition of Poland]] in 1772 it became part of the [[Habsburg monarchy|Austrian]] Kingdom of [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Galicia]]. According to the [[Austria-Hungary|Austrian]] census of 1900 the village had 947 inhabitants, all of them were Polish-speaking Roman Catholics.<ref>Ludwig Patryn (ed): ''[http://wiki-commons.genealogy.net/images/5/54/Oesterreich-12.djvu?djvuopts&page=17 Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, bearbeitet auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1900, XII. Galizien]'', Wien 1907.</ref>

===20th century===
After [[World War I]] and the fall of [[Austria-Hungary]], Bystra Krakowska became a part of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]] in 1918. Bystra Śląska also became a part of Poland after the [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920.

The villages were [[Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany|annexed]] by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. After Germany's defeat in the war, they were restored to [[Poland]].

== People ==
* [[Julian Fałat]], a painter, lived in Bystra Śląska since 1910 and died there in 1929. There is a museum dedicated him in the village.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons category|Bystra (powiat bielski)}}
{{Gmina Wilkowice}}
{{Cieszyn Silesia}}

[[Category:Villages in Bielsko County]]

Bystra, Bielsko County - Revision history

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