imported>V37z: Rephrased

2024-08-25T21:18:10Z

Rephrased

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{{Short description|Language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
{{About||the language spoken in China|Budu language (China)|the language of Mali|Budu Dogon}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Budu
| nativename = ''Ɨbʉdhʉ''
| states = [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
| region = [[Orientale Province]]
| ethnicity = [[Budu people|Budu]]
| speakers = 180,000
| date = 1991
| ref = e18
| familycolor = Niger-Congo
| fam2 = [[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]]
| fam3 = [[Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo]]
| fam4 = [[Southern Bantoid languages|Southern Bantoid]]
| fam5 = [[Bantu languages|Bantu]] ([[Guthrie classification of Bantu languages#Zone D|Zone D.30]])
| fam6 = [[Nyali languages|Nyali]] (Budu–Ndaka)
| iso3 = buu
| glotto = budu1250
| glottorefname = Budu
| guthrie = D.332
}}

'''Ɨbʉdhʉ''', also called '''Budu''', is a [[Bantu language]] spoken by the [[Budu people]] in the [[Wamba Territory]] in the [[Orientale Province]] of the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Its orthography uses the special characters [[ɨ]], [[ʉ]], [[ɛ]] and [[ɔ]], as well as [[modifier letter]]s colon [[Colon (letter)|꞉]] and equal sign ꞊ for grammatical tone, marking past and future tense, respectively.

A variety of this language is called '''Matta''' and is spoken locally both north and south of [[Maboma]].

== Phonology ==

=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
!([[Alveolo-palatal consonant|Alveolo-]])[[Alveolo-palatal consonant| palatal]]
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Labialized velar consonant|Labio- velar]]
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|- align="center"
! rowspan="4" |[[Stop consonant|Plosive]]
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|p
|t
|c
|k
|
|
|-
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|b
|d
|ɟ
|ɡ
|
|
|-
![[Prenasalized consonant|prenasal]]
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|ᶮɟ
|ᵑɡ
|
|
|-
![[Implosive consonant|implosive]]
|ɓ
|ɗ
|ʄ
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |[[Affricate]]
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|
|
|t͡ɕ
|
|k͡p
|
|-
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|
|
|d͡ʑ
|
|ɡ͡b
|
|-
![[Prenasalized consonant|prenasal]]
|
|
|ᶮd͡ʑ
|
|ᵑᵐɡ͡b
|
|- align="center"
! rowspan="3" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|f
|s
|
|
|
| rowspan="2" |h
|- align="center"
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|v
|z
|
|
|
|-
![[Prenasalized consonant|prenasal]]
|ᶬv
|
|
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
|m
|n
|ɲ
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! colspan="2" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
|
|(l)
|j
|
|w
|
|}

* [z] only occurs in the Koya dialect of Budu.
* /h/ can be heard as either a voiced [ɦ] or voiceless [h] among different speakers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Koehler|first=Loren S.|title=An Underspecification Approach To Budu Vowel Harmony|publisher=Ann Arbor: UMI|year=1995}}</ref>
* /ɗ/ can be heard as [l] or a tap [ɾ] in free variation.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lojenga|first=Constance K.|title=Kibudu: A Bantu Language with nine Vowels|publisher=Tervuren|year=1994|location=Africana Linguistica XI|pages=127-133}}</ref>

*

=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!
![[Front vowel|Front]]
![[Central vowel|Central]]
![[Back vowel|Back]]
|- align="center"
![[Close vowel|Close]]
|i
|
|u
|- align="center"
![[Near-close vowel|Near-close]]
|ɪ
|
|ʊ
|- align="center"
![[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
|e
|
|o
|- align="center"
![[Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
|ɛ
|
|ɔ
|- align="center"
![[Open vowel|Open]]
|
|a
|
|}

== Notes ==
<references/>

{{Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
{{Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Nyali languages]]
[[Category:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]

{{Bantu-lang-stub}}

Budu language - Revision history

imported>V37z: Rephrased