imported>Jevansen: Removing from Category:21st-century Russian politicians has subcat using Cat-a-lot

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Removing from Category:21st-century Russian politicians has subcat using Cat-a-lot

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{{Short description|Armenian-Russian polar explorer (1939–2024)|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{family name hatnote|Nikolayevich|Chilingarov|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ru|Артур Чилингаров}}}}
| image = Chilingarov's 80th anniversary exhibition opening (2019-09-25) 03.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Chilingarov in 2019
| office = Member of the [[State Duma]] ([[closed list|Party List]] Seat)
| term_start = 5 October 2016
| term_end = 1 June 2024
| term_start1 = 24 December 2007
| term_end1 = 21 December 2011
| office2 = [[Russian Federation Senator]] from [[Tula Oblast]]
| status2 = Representing the [[Governor of Tula Oblast|Executive]]
| term_start2 = 14 November 2011
| term_end2 = 1 October 2014
| predecessor2 = {{ill|Anatoly Vaskov|ru|Васьков, Анатолий Тихонович}}
| successor2 = {{ill|Yulia Veprintseva|ru|Вепринцева, Юлия Владимировна}}
| office3 = Member of the State Duma for [[Nenets Autonomous Okrug]]
| term_start3 = 11 January 1994
| term_end3 = 24 December 2007
| predecessor3 = ''constituency established''
| successor3 = {{ubl|[[2007 Russian legislative election#Electoral system|''constituencies abolished'']]|[[Sergey Kotkin]] (in [[2016 Russian legislative election|2016]])}}
| constituency3 = [[Nenets constituency|Nenets (No. 218)]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1939|9|25}}
| birth_place = [[Leningrad]], [[Russian SFSR]], [[USSR]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2024|6|1|1939|9|25}}
| death_place = [[Moscow]], Russia
| nationality = [[Russian Armenians|Russian Armenian]]
| party = {{tree list}}
* [[United Russia]] (2002–2024)
* [[Fatherland - All Russia]] (1998–2002)
* [[Ivan Rybkin Bloc]] (1995)
* [[Civic Union (Russia)|Civic Union]] (1992–1994)
** Renewal
*
{{tree list/end}}

| otherparty = 
| spouse = Tatyana Chilingarova
| children = {{hlist|Nikolay|Ksenia}}
| education = [[Leningrad Maritime Institute|Leningrad Higher Marine Engineering School]] ([[DSc]])
| occupation = {{hlist|Scientist|Explorer}}
| blank1 = Religion
| data1 = [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox]]

{{infobox scientist|embed=yes
|fields = {{hlist|[[Oceanography]]|[[Meteorology]]|[[Geography]]}}
|workplaces = {{ubl
|[[Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute]]
|[[Roshydromet|USSR Hydrometeorology State Committee]]
|[[Russian Academy of Science]]
}}
|signature = Firma_de_Artur_Chilingarov.png
}}
}}

'''Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov''' ({{langx|ru|Артур Николаевич Чилингаров}}; 25 September 1939 – 1 June 2024) was an Armenian-Russian polar explorer, a corresponding member of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]]. He was awarded the title of [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] in 1986 and the title of [[Hero of the Russian Federation]] in 2008. He was the president of State Polar Academy.

Chilingarov was a member of the [[United Russia]] party; he was a member of the [[State Duma]] from 1993 to 2011, and again from 2016 until his death in 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yarnovosti.com/index.php?mod=news&cid=2&id=9908|script-title=ru:Выборное правительство. Регионы распределены между министрами-единороссами|language=ru|publisher=Yarnovosti.com|access-date=19 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718140212/http://yarnovosti.com/index.php?mod=news&cid=2&id=9908|archive-date=18 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> and was the representative of [[Tula Oblast]] in the [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]] between 2011 and 2014.

== Biography ==
Chilingarov was born in [[Leningrad]] to Russian mother and [[Armenians|Armenian]] father. His father was born in [[Gyumri]] (Leninakan) and moved to [[Vladikavkaz]] at a young age.<ref>{{cite web|title=Armenians of the World-Arthur Chilingarov|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=si-U5mtOiU8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/si-U5mtOiU8 |archive-date=19 December 2021 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Shant TV]]|access-date=23 March 2014|language=hy|date=12 November 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In 1963, he graduated from the Arctic faculty of the [[Stepan Makarov|S.O. Makarov]] [[Leningrad Maritime Institute|Leningrad Higher Marine Engineering School]] (now the [[Admiral Makarov State Maritime Academy|Admiral S. O. Makarov State Maritime Academy]]). As an engineer-oceanographer, he was directed to the [[Tiksi]] observatory of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute. In 1965, he was elected first secretary of the [[Bulunsky District|Bulun]] [[Komsomol]] district committee.
In 1969, he was appointed head of the [[drift ice station]] "[[North Pole-19]]" and, in 1971, Chilingarov headed the [[Bellingshausen Station]] of the 17th [[Soviet Antarctic Expedition]].

Between 1974 and 1979, he worked in the Western sector of the [[Arctic]] as head of the [[Amderma]] Administration of [[hydrometeorology]] and environmental control. Under his direction, new forms of Arctic operative navigation support were implemented; for the first time, experimental work on cargo transfers to [[fast ice]] during wintertime were carried out in the [[Yamal Peninsula]]. Chilingarov summarized his experience in navigation support on the [[Northern Sea Route]] in his dissertation for the scientific degree of a [[kandidat]] of geographical sciences.

In 1985, he headed the special expedition on the research vessel {{ill|Mikhail Somov (research vessel)|lt=''Mikhail Somov''|ru|Михаил Сомов (судно)}}, which was ice-blocked in the [[Southern Ocean]]. For successful performance of the rescue operations in extreme conditions and for displayed organizational abilities and courage, Chilingarov was awarded the title of [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] on 14 February 1986.<ref>{{cite web|language=ru|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=8452|title=Artur Nikolayevich Chilingarov|publisher=Warheroes.ru|access-date=19 November 2014|archive-date=9 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909221429/http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=8452|url-status=live}}</ref>

In January 2002, he led an expedition to the [[South Pole]] along with 14 other tourists on an [[Antonov An-3]] biplane. When a mechanical problem grounded the aircraft at the South Pole, Chilingarov and other VIPs were flown by American Hercules LC130 aircraft to McMurdo and then onward to Christchurch. The rest of the group arranged a pick-up from Adventure Network International, who operate tourist flights to the South Pole.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newzeal.com/theme/bases/SP/2002/Antonov3.htm|title=RUSSIAN VIP SOUTH POLE VISIT 2002|publisher=Newzeal.com|access-date=19 November 2014|archive-date=13 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140213075925/http://www.newzeal.com/theme/bases/SP/2002/Antonov3.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
In January 2007, he led a [[helicopter]] expedition to Antarctica, he was joined by FSB chief [[Nikolay Patrushev]] and visited the [[South Pole]] and [[Amundsen-Scott station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/politics/28.html?id_issue=11656613 |title=Patrushev lands at the South Pole during Antarctic expedition |publisher=Interfax.ru |access-date=19 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208162937/http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/politics/28.html?id_issue=11656613 |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref>

During the [[Arktika 2007|2007 Russian North Pole expedition]], Chilingarov, accompanied by five other explorers from different countries, descended on two [[MIR (submersible)|''Mir'' submersibles]] to the seabed 13,980 feet below the [[North Pole]] in order to plant the Russian flag there and gather specimens of the seabed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iz.ru/1705629/2024-06-01/sagalevich-rasskazal-o-pogruzhenii-s-chilingarovym-na-dno-severnogo-ledovitogo-okeana|title=Сагалевич рассказал о погружении с Чилингаровым на дно Северного Ледовитого океана|lang=ru|first=|last=|website=Известия|date=1 June 2024|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> In regard to the [[territorial claims in the Arctic]], Chilingarov was quoted as saying, "The Arctic is Russian. We must prove the North Pole is an extension of the Russian landmass".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/6925853.stm | work=BBC News | title=Russia ahead in Arctic 'gold rush' | date=1 August 2007 | access-date=25 April 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100403005932/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/6925853.stm| archive-date= 3 April 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

In July 2008, Russia announced it was sending [[MIR (submersible)|''Mir'' submersibles]] to descend one mile to the bottom of [[Lake Baikal]] to conduct geological and biological tests on its unique ecosystem. Chilingarov is scheduled to join in 60 dives in total.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jul/29/russia.oil|title=Russia leads race for North Pole oil|work=The Guardian|date=28 July 2007 |access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603012909/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jul/29/russia.oil|url-status=live |last1=Doward |first1=Jamie |last2=McKie |first2=Robin |last3=Parfitt |first3=Tom }}</ref> On 29 July 2008, Chilingarov took part in a dive to a depth of 1,580 meters in Lake Baikal, just short of the record 1,637 meters.<ref>{{cite news
| work = Reuters
| title = Russia sub's deep lake dive fails to set record
| url = http://uk.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUKL952943220080730
| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130201053711/http://uk.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUKL952943220080730
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 1 February 2013
| publisher = Reuters.com
| date = 29 July 2008
| access-date = 29 July 2008
}}</ref>

On 10 January 2008, Chilingarov was awarded the title of [[Hero of the Russian Federation]] for "courage and heroism displayed in extreme conditions and for the successful completion of the [[Arktika 2007#First stage: high-latitude deep-water Arctic expedition|High-Latitude Arctic Deep-Water Expedition]]."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2008/01/156144.shtml |script-title=ru:Президент России Указ «О награждении государственными наградами Российской Федерации» |language=ru |publisher=Kremlin.ru |access-date=19 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118002734/http://www.kremlin.ru/text/docs/2008/01/156144.shtml |archive-date=18 January 2008 }}</ref>

In December 2012, Chilingarov supported the [[anti-Magnitsky bill]] to ban U.S. adoptions of Russian orphans, although he said earlier that there was no need to rush the legislation: "It concerns children, and you have to be accurate with it".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themoscowtimes.com/mobile/article/473661.html|title=Adoption Ban Passes Unanimously|date=28 December 2012|publisher=The Moscow Times|access-date=19 November 2014|archive-date=29 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129014541/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/mobile/article/473661.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Chilingarov died in Moscow on 1 June 2024, at the age of 84.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20240601/chilingarov-1949924713.html|title=Путин выразил соболезнования в связи со смертью Чилингарова|lang=ru|first=|last=|website=РИА Новости|date=1 June 2024|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=3 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603012938/https://ria.ru/20240601/chilingarov-1949924713.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Awards ==
{{unsourced|section|date=June 2024}}
* [[Hero of the Russian Federation]] (9 January 2008) – for courage and heroism displayed in extreme conditions, and the success of high-latitude Arctic expedition
* [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] (14 February 1986) – for exemplary performance targets for the release of the research vessel ''Mikhail Somov'' from the ice of Antarctica, leadership in rescue operations during the period of drift and displaying courage and heroism
* [[Order of Merit for the Fatherland]], 3rd class (12 June 2007) – for active participation in legislative activities and the success of high-latitude air expedition to South Pole
* [[Order of Naval Merit (Russia)|Order of Naval Merit]] (27 January 2003) – for outstanding contribution to research, development and use of the oceans
* [[Order of Lenin]]
* [[Order of the Red Banner of Labour]]
* [[Order of the Badge of Honour]]
* Honoured meteorologist of the Russian Federation (11 February 2005)
* [[USSR State Prize]] – for the development of methods of cargo handling on fast ice in Yamal
* {{ill|Order of Polar Star|ru|Орден «Полярная Звезда» (Якутия)}} (Yakutia, 25 November 2002)
* [[Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots]] (Armenia, 17 September 2008) – in connection with the 17th anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Armenia
* Commander of the [[Order of Bernardo O'Higgins]] (Chile, 2006)
* {{ill|Order of Friendship (South Ossetia)|ru|Орден Дружбы (Южная Осетия)}}, (19 June 2009) – for his great contribution to strengthening friendship and cooperation between peoples, actively promote the development of democracy and parliamentarianism in the Republic of South Ossetia and to provide practical assistance to its citizens in the implementation of voting rights
* Chevalier [[Legion of Honour]] (France, 2010)
* Medal of Anania Shirakatsi (Armenia, 31 October 2000) – for his contribution to the strengthening and development of Armenian-Russian friendship
* Order of St. Prince Daniil Moskovsky, 2nd class (Russian Orthodox Church, 2009) – in consideration of the works, for their active participation in the development of church life and in connection with the 70th anniversary of the birth
* Medal "Symbol of Science" (2007)

==See also==
*[[List of Heroes of the Russian Federation]]

==References==
{{Commons category|Artur Chilingarov}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://petersburgcity.com/city/personalities/chilingarov/ Biography of Chilingarov]
{{Polar exploration|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chilingarov, Artur}}
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Corresponding Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Heroes of the Russian Federation]]
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Russian geographers]]
[[Category:Members of the Federation Council of Russia (after 2000)]]
[[Category:Scientists from Saint Petersburg]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Friendship (South Ossetia)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class]]
[[Category:Russian polar explorers]]
[[Category:Russian people of Armenian descent]]
[[Category:Soviet Armenians]]
[[Category:Recipients of the USSR State Prize]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Naval Merit (Russia)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:First convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Second convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Third convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Fourth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Fifth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Seventh convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]
[[Category:Eighth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)]]

Artur Chilingarov - Revision history

imported>Jevansen: Removing from Category:21st-century Russian politicians has subcat using Cat-a-lot