Advanced SCSI Programming Interface - Revision history

imported>ValykrineERZ at 03:15, 9 November 2025

2025-11-09T03:15:22Z

← Previous revision		Revision as of 03:15, 9 November 2025
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	{{Short description\|Computer software for connecting SCSI devices}}		{{Short description\|Computer software for connecting SCSI devices}}
	The '''Advanced SCSI Programming Interface''' ('''ASPI''') is a programming interface developed by [[Adaptec]] which standardizes [[communication]] on a [[computer bus]] between a [[SCSI]] [[device driver\|driver]] module ~~on the one hand~~ and SCSI (and [[ATAPI]]) [[peripheral]]s ~~on the other~~.<ref name=guide>{{cite book \| last=Sawert \| first=Brian \| date=1998 \| url=https://archive.org/details/programmersguide0000sawe/page/55/ \| title=The Programmer's Guide to SCSI \| publisher=Addison-Wesley \| pages=55–102, 233 \| isbn=0201185385 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|55–56}}<ref>{{cite journal \| last=White \| first=Myles \| date=May 25, 1995 \| url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-getting-your-components/159678613/ \| title=Getting your components to work together, part II \| ~~work~~=The Toronto Star \| page=H3 \| via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>		The '''Advanced SCSI Programming Interface''' ('''ASPI''') is a programming interface developed by [[Adaptec]] which standardizes communication on a [[computer bus]] between a [[SCSI]] [[device driver\|driver]] module and SCSI (and [[ATAPI]]) [[peripheral]]s.<ref name=guide>{{cite book \| last=Sawert \| first=Brian \| date=1998 \| url=https://archive.org/details/programmersguide0000sawe/page/55/ \| title=The Programmer's Guide to SCSI \| publisher=Addison-Wesley \| pages=55–102, 233 \| isbn=0201185385 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|55–56}}<ref>{{cite journal \| last=White \| first=Myles \| date=May 25, 1995 \| url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-getting-your-components/159678613/ \| title=Getting your components to work together, part II \| journal=The Toronto Star \| page=H3 \| via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

	== Structure ==		== Structure ==
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	== History ==		== History ==

	ASPI was developed by [[Adaptec]] around 1989<ref name=hoovers>{{cite book ~~\| editor-last=Spain \| editor-first=Patrick J. \| editor2=James R. Talbot \| date=1995~~ \| url=https://archive.org/details/hoovershandbooko0000unse_j4c4/page/118/ \| title=Hoover's Handbook of Emerging ~~Compaies~~ 1995: Profiles of America's Most Exciting Growth Enterprises \| publisher=The Reference Press \| page=118 \| ~~isbn~~=~~9781878753755~~ \| via=Google Books}}</ref> and was formally introduced in January 1990. Originally supporting only [[MS-DOS]],<ref name=brownstein>{{cite journal \| last=Brownstein \| first=Mark \| date=January 15, 1990 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA409 \| title=Adaptec Unveils SCSI Interface Standard \| ~~work~~=InfoWorld \| publisher=IDG Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=3 \| page=23 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> support for [[NetWare]] was added in 1991, while support for [[OS/2]] and [[Windows 3.x]] was added in 1992.<ref name=hoovers /><ref name=redefines>{{cite journal \| last=Guzman \| first=Ed \| date=June 1992 \| url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220619290/ \| title=ASPI Refines SCSI I/O Routing \| ~~work~~=Computer Technology Review \| publisher=West World Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=7 \| page=22 \| ~~via~~=ProQuest}}</ref> Originally developed only for SCSI devices, support for [[ATAPI]] devices was added later.<ref>{{cite book \| last=Mueller \| first=Scott \| date=2003 \| edition=14th \| url=https://~~www~~.google.com/books~~/edition/Upgrading_and_Repairing_PCs/~~eV1_LjW3pTkC \| title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs \| publisher=Que \| pages=563–564, 771–772 \| isbn=9780789727459 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|772}} Most other SCSI host adapter vendors (for example [[BusLogic]], DPT, AMI, [[Future Domain]], DTC) shipped their own ASPI managers with their hardware.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Myers\|first=Ben\|title=More on ASPI\|url=https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|page=10\|volume=19\|issue=5\|date=May 1994\|journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal\|publisher=UBM LLC\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125034059/https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|archivedate=November 25, 2024\|url-status=live}}</ref>		ASPI was developed by [[Adaptec]] around 1989<ref name="hoovers">{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/hoovershandbooko0000unse_j4c4/page/118/ \|title=Hoover's Handbook of Emerging Compa[n]ies 1995: Profiles of America's Most Exciting Growth Enterprises \|date=1995 \|publisher=The Reference Press \|isbn=9781878753755 \|editor-last=Spain \|editor-first=Patrick J. \|page=118 \|editor2=James R. Talbot \|via=Google Books}}</ref> and was formally introduced in January 1990. Originally supporting only [[MS-DOS]],<ref name=brownstein>{{cite journal \| last=Brownstein \| first=Mark \| date=January 15, 1990 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA409 \| title=Adaptec Unveils SCSI Interface Standard \| journal=InfoWorld \| publisher=IDG Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=3 \| page=23 \| via=Google Books}}</ref> support for [[NetWare]] was added in 1991, while support for [[OS/2]] and [[Windows 3.x]] was added in 1992.<ref name=hoovers /><ref name=redefines>{{cite journal \| last=Guzman \| first=Ed \| date=June 1992 \| url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220619290 \| title=ASPI Refines SCSI I/O Routing \| journal=Computer Technology Review \| publisher=West World Publications \| volume=12 \| issue=7 \| page=22 \| id={{ProQuest\|220619290}} }}</ref> Originally developed only for SCSI devices, support for [[ATAPI]] devices was added later.<ref>{{cite book \| last=Mueller \| first=Scott \| date=2003 \| edition=14th \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eV1_LjW3pTkC \| title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs \| publisher=Que \| pages=563–564, 771–772 \| isbn=9780789727459 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|772}} Most other SCSI host adapter vendors (for example [[BusLogic]], DPT, AMI, [[Future Domain]], DTC) shipped their own ASPI managers with their hardware.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Myers\|first=Ben\|title=More on ASPI\|url=https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|page=10\|volume=19\|issue=5\|date=May 1994\|journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal\|publisher=UBM LLC\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125034059/https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247\|archivedate=November 25, 2024\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Adaptec also developed generic SCSI disk and CD-ROM drivers for DOS ({{mono\|ASPICD.SYS}} and {{mono\|ASPIDISK.SYS}}).<ref name=bookofscsi>{{cite book \| last=Ridge \| first=Peter M. \| date=1995 \| url=https://~~www~~.google.com/books~~/edition/The_Book_of_SCSI/etcmAQAAMAAJ~~?hl=en&~~gbpv=1&bsq~~=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22~~&dq=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22&printsec=frontcover~~ \| title=The Book of SCSI: A Guide for Adventurers \| publisher=No Starch Press \| isbn=9781886411029 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|60–61}}		Adaptec also developed generic SCSI disk and CD-ROM drivers for DOS ({{mono\|ASPICD.SYS}} and {{mono\|ASPIDISK.SYS}}).<ref name=bookofscsi>{{cite book \| last=Ridge \| first=Peter M. \| date=1995 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etcmAQAAMAAJ&q=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22 \| title=The Book of SCSI: A Guide for Adventurers \| publisher=No Starch Press \| isbn=9781886411029 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp\|60–61}}

	At least a couple of other programming interfaces for SCSI device drivers competed with ASPI in the early 1990s, including CAM (Common Access Method), developed by Apple; and Layered Device Driver Architecture, developed by [[Microsoft]]. However, ASPI was far and away more common than any of its competitors in this space, with ''PC Magazine'' declaring it a ''de facto'' standard for developing SCSI device drivers only two years after its introduction.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Thomas \| first=Susan G. \| date=April 28, 1992 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HERlo0BgpGYC&pg=PT32 \| title=SCSI Protocol Wars: ASPI, CAM, LADDR \| ~~work~~=PC Magazine \| publisher=Ziff-Davis \| volume=11 \| issue=8 \| page=31 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>		At least a couple of other programming interfaces for SCSI device drivers competed with ASPI in the early 1990s, including CAM (Common Access Method), developed by Apple; and Layered Device Driver Architecture, developed by [[Microsoft]]. However, ASPI was far and away more common than any of its competitors in this space, with ''PC Magazine'' declaring it a ''de facto'' standard for developing SCSI device drivers only two years after its introduction.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Thomas \| first=Susan G. \| date=April 28, 1992 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HERlo0BgpGYC&pg=PT32 \| title=SCSI Protocol Wars: ASPI, CAM, LADDR \| journal=PC Magazine \| publisher=Ziff-Davis \| volume=11 \| issue=8 \| page=31 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>

	Starting in 1995, Microsoft licensed the interface for use with their [[Windows 9x]] operating systems. At the same time [[Microsoft]] developed SCSI Pass Through Interface (SPTI), an in-house substitute that worked on the NT platform. Microsoft did not include ASPI in [[Windows 2000]]/[[Windows XP\|XP]], in favor of its own SPTI.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Tewell \| first=Thomas \| date=December 1997 \| url=https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| title=Writing Portable Win32 SCSI Applications \| ~~work~~=Dr. Dobb's Journal \| publisher=UBM LLC \| volume=22 \| issue=12 \| pages=56–57 \| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218172923/https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| archivedate=December 18, 2014}}</ref>		Starting in 1995, Microsoft licensed the interface for use with their [[Windows 9x]] operating systems. At the same time [[Microsoft]] developed SCSI Pass Through Interface (SPTI), an in-house substitute that worked on the NT platform. Microsoft did not include ASPI in [[Windows 2000]]/[[Windows XP\|XP]], in favor of its own SPTI.<ref>{{cite journal \| last=Tewell \| first=Thomas \| date=December 1997 \| url=https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| title=Writing Portable Win32 SCSI Applications \| journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal \| publisher=UBM LLC \| volume=22 \| issue=12 \| pages=56–57 \| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218172923/https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 \| archivedate=December 18, 2014}}</ref>

	To support [[Universal Serial Bus\|USB]] drives under DOS, [[Panasonic]] developed a universal ASPI driver ({{mono\|USBASPI.SYS}}) that bypasses the lack of native USB support by DOS.<ref>{{cite book \| date=2006 \| url=https://~~www~~.google.com/books~~/edition/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/bf6LjPgbE9QC~~?hl=~~en&gbpv=1~~&dq=%22USBASPI.SYS%22&pg=PA130~~&printsec=frontcover~~ \| title=软件安装完全手册 \| trans-title=Complete Software Installation Manual \| lang=Chinese \| publisher=Science Press \| page=130 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>		To support [[Universal Serial Bus\|USB]] drives under DOS, [[Panasonic]] developed a universal ASPI driver ({{mono\|USBASPI.SYS}}) that bypasses the lack of native USB support by DOS.<ref>{{cite book \| date=2006 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bf6LjPgbE9QC&dq=%22USBASPI.SYS%22&pg=PA130 \| title=软件安装完全手册 \| trans-title=Complete Software Installation Manual \| lang=Chinese \| publisher=Science Press \| page=130 \| isbn=978-7-03-018123-7 \| via=Google Books}}</ref>

	== Drivers ==		== Drivers ==
	ASPI ~~was provided by the following~~ drivers:		Examples of ASPI drivers:
	:		:
	{\| class="wikitable" border="1"		{\| class="wikitable" border="1"

imported>Liz: Removing link(s) to "SCSI Pass Through Interface": Deleted PROD.

2025-03-08T15:54:56Z

Removing link(s) to "SCSI Pass Through Interface": Deleted PROD.

New page

{{Short description|Computer software for connecting SCSI devices}}
The '''Advanced SCSI Programming Interface''' ('''ASPI''') is a programming interface developed by [[Adaptec]] which standardizes [[communication]] on a [[computer bus]] between a [[SCSI]] [[device driver|driver]] module on the one hand and SCSI (and [[ATAPI]]) [[peripheral]]s on the other.<ref name=guide>{{cite book | last=Sawert | first=Brian | date=1998 | url=https://archive.org/details/programmersguide0000sawe/page/55/ | title=The Programmer's Guide to SCSI | publisher=Addison-Wesley | pages=55–102, 233 | isbn=0201185385 | via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|55–56}}<ref>{{cite journal | last=White | first=Myles | date=May 25, 1995 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-getting-your-components/159678613/ | title=Getting your components to work together, part II | work=The Toronto Star | page=H3 | via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

== Structure ==
The ASPI manager software provides an interface between ASPI modules (device drivers or applications with direct SCSI support), a [[SCSI host adapter]], and SCSI devices connected to the host adapter. The ASPI manager is specific to the host adapter and [[operating system]]; its primary role is to abstract the host adapter specifics and provide a generic software interface to SCSI devices.<ref name=guide />{{rp|56}}

On [[Windows 9x]] and [[Windows NT]], the ASPI manager is generic and relies on the services of SCSI miniport drivers. On those systems, the ASPI interface is designed for applications which require SCSI pass-through functionality (such as [[CD-ROM]] burning software).<ref name=guide />{{rp|57}}

The primary operations supported by ASPI are discovery of host adapters and attached devices, and submitting [[SCSI command]]s to devices via SRBs (SCSI Request Blocks).<ref name=guide />{{rp|233}} ASPI supports concurrent execution of SCSI commands.<ref name=bookofscsi />{{rp|231}}

== History ==

ASPI was developed by [[Adaptec]] around 1989<ref name=hoovers>{{cite book | editor-last=Spain | editor-first=Patrick J. | editor2=James R. Talbot | date=1995 | url=https://archive.org/details/hoovershandbooko0000unse_j4c4/page/118/ | title=Hoover's Handbook of Emerging Compaies 1995: Profiles of America's Most Exciting Growth Enterprises | publisher=The Reference Press | page=118 | isbn=9781878753755 | via=Google Books}}</ref> and was formally introduced in January 1990. Originally supporting only [[MS-DOS]],<ref name=brownstein>{{cite journal | last=Brownstein | first=Mark | date=January 15, 1990 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA409 | title=Adaptec Unveils SCSI Interface Standard | work=InfoWorld | publisher=IDG Publications | volume=12 | issue=3 | page=23 | via=Google Books}}</ref> support for [[NetWare]] was added in 1991, while support for [[OS/2]] and [[Windows 3.x]] was added in 1992.<ref name=hoovers /><ref name=redefines>{{cite journal | last=Guzman | first=Ed | date=June 1992 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/220619290/ | title=ASPI Refines SCSI I/O Routing | work=Computer Technology Review | publisher=West World Publications | volume=12 | issue=7 | page=22 | via=ProQuest}}</ref> Originally developed only for SCSI devices, support for [[ATAPI]] devices was added later.<ref>{{cite book | last=Mueller | first=Scott | date=2003 | edition=14th | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Upgrading_and_Repairing_PCs/eV1_LjW3pTkC | title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs | publisher=Que | pages=563–564, 771–772 | isbn=9780789727459 | via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|772}} Most other SCSI host adapter vendors (for example [[BusLogic]], DPT, AMI, [[Future Domain]], DTC) shipped their own ASPI managers with their hardware.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Myers|first=Ben|title=More on ASPI|url=https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247|page=10|volume=19|issue=5|date=May 1994|journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal|publisher=UBM LLC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125034059/https://www.drdobbs.com/letters/184409247|archivedate=November 25, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>

Adaptec also developed generic SCSI disk and CD-ROM drivers for DOS ({{mono|ASPICD.SYS}} and {{mono|ASPIDISK.SYS}}).<ref name=bookofscsi>{{cite book | last=Ridge | first=Peter M. | date=1995 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Book_of_SCSI/etcmAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22&dq=%22ASPIDISK.SYS%22+%22ASPICD.SYS%22&printsec=frontcover | title=The Book of SCSI: A Guide for Adventurers | publisher=No Starch Press | isbn=9781886411029 | via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|60–61}}

At least a couple of other programming interfaces for SCSI device drivers competed with ASPI in the early 1990s, including CAM (Common Access Method), developed by Apple; and Layered Device Driver Architecture, developed by [[Microsoft]]. However, ASPI was far and away more common than any of its competitors in this space, with ''PC Magazine'' declaring it a ''de facto'' standard for developing SCSI device drivers only two years after its introduction.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Thomas | first=Susan G. | date=April 28, 1992 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HERlo0BgpGYC&pg=PT32 | title=SCSI Protocol Wars: ASPI, CAM, LADDR | work=PC Magazine | publisher=Ziff-Davis | volume=11 | issue=8 | page=31 | via=Google Books}}</ref>

Starting in 1995, Microsoft licensed the interface for use with their [[Windows 9x]] operating systems. At the same time [[Microsoft]] developed SCSI Pass Through Interface (SPTI), an in-house substitute that worked on the NT platform. Microsoft did not include ASPI in [[Windows 2000]]/[[Windows XP|XP]], in favor of its own SPTI.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Tewell | first=Thomas | date=December 1997 | url=https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 | title=Writing Portable Win32 SCSI Applications | work=Dr. Dobb's Journal | publisher=UBM LLC | volume=22 | issue=12 | pages=56–57 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218172923/https://www.drdobbs.com/windows/writing-portable-win32-scsi-applications/184410340 | archivedate=December 18, 2014}}</ref>

To support [[Universal Serial Bus|USB]] drives under DOS, [[Panasonic]] developed a universal ASPI driver ({{mono|USBASPI.SYS}}) that bypasses the lack of native USB support by DOS.<ref>{{cite book | date=2006 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/bf6LjPgbE9QC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22USBASPI.SYS%22&pg=PA130&printsec=frontcover | title=软件安装完全手册 | trans-title=Complete Software Installation Manual | lang=Chinese | publisher=Science Press | page=130 | via=Google Books}}</ref>

== Drivers ==
ASPI was provided by the following drivers:
:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Operating system
! Driver filename
! Bundled
|-
| MS-DOS
| {{mono|ASPI4DOS.SYS}} or {{mono|USBASPI.SYS}} (USB drives only)
| {{no}}
|-
| Windows 3.1x
| {{mono|WINASPI.DLL}}
| {{no}}
|-
| [[Windows 95]], [[Windows 98|98]] and [[Windows ME|ME]]
| {{mono|WNASPI32.DLL}}, {{mono|WINASPI.DLL}}, {{mono|APIX.VXD}} and {{mono|ASPIENUM.VXD}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Windows NT, 2000, XP
| {{mono|WNASPI32.DLL}}, {{mono|ASPI32.SYS}}
| {{no}}
|}

== See also ==
* [[SCSI Pass-Through Direct]] (SPTD)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Application programming interfaces]]
[[Category:SCSI]]
[[Category:AT Attachment]]
[[Category:Device drivers]]