imported>Marcin 303 at 08:27, 8 March 2025

2025-03-08T08:27:02Z

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Święta Lipka
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Święta Lipka, Bazylika Nawiedzenia NMP.jpg
| image_caption = [[Święta Lipka Sanctuary]]
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship|name=Warmian-Masurian}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of Polish counties|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kętrzyn County|Kętrzyn]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Reszel|Reszel]]
| coordinates = {{coord|54|2|N|21|13|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| registration_plate = NKE
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 200
| footnotes = {{designation list|embed=yes
| designation1 = Historic Monument of Poland
| designation1_offname = Święta Lipka – pilgrimage sanctuary
| designation1_date = 2018-04-20
| designation1_number = Dz. U., 2018, No. 961<ref name=ph/>}}
}}
'''Święta Lipka''' ({{IPA|pl|ˈɕfjɛnta ˈlipka|lang}}, {{langx|de|link=no|Heiligelinde}}<ref>[http://www.it.ketrzyn.pl/de/sehenswurdigkeiten/swieta-lipka-heiligelinde/ ketrzyn.pl]</ref>) is a small village in the administrative district of [[Gmina Reszel]], within [[Kętrzyn County]], [[Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship]], in northeastern [[Poland]].<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=pl}}</ref> It lies approximately {{convert|6|km|mi|0}} south-east of [[Reszel]], {{convert|13|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-west of [[Kętrzyn]], and {{convert|55|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-east of the regional capital [[Olsztyn]]. The village is located in the historic region of [[Masuria]]. Święta Lipka is known for the [[Święta Lipka Sanctuary|pilgrimage sanctuary and temple]] of [[Baroque architecture]] and its [[pipe organ]], a [[Historic Monument (Poland)|Historic Monument of Poland]].<ref name=ph>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 20 kwietnia 2018 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Święta Lipka - sanktuarium pielgrzymkowe"|year=2018|number=961}}</ref>

== Sanctuary of St. Mary ==
{{main|Święta Lipka Sanctuary}}
[[File:POL Swieta Lipka 053.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Nave of the church]]
According to legend, the name ''Heiligelinde'' and ''Święta Lipka'' - Holy [[Linden tree|Linden]] (lime tree) - referred to a tree with a wooden statue of [[Mary (mother of Jesus)|Mary]] under which miracles took place; a legend exists that a convicted criminal carved a figurine of Mary and was released soon-after. As a sign of gratitude he placed the miraculous figurine on a linden tree, which had healing properties. The actual origin of the name may stem from a [[sacred grove]] of the [[Old Prussians]].

A chapel at the site was first mentioned in a 1491 deed issued by [[Johann von Tiefen]], then Grand Master of the [[Teutonic Knights]]. It was then part the [[Kingdom of Poland (1385-1569)|Kingdom of Poland]] as a [[fief]] held by the Teutonic Knights. At this time it was already a [[pilgrimage]] site, with an inn. It was destroyed about 1525 during the [[Protestant Reformation]], during which the region gradually became more [[Lutheran]].

Although the village lay in the [[Protestant]] region of [[Masuria]], the [[Roman Catholic]] faith was again approved in the [[Duchy of Prussia]] in 1605.<ref name=Ossowski>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CfGDwJIXGqAC&dq=heiligelinde+masuren&pg=PA384| title=Ostpreussen - Westpreussen - Danzig: eine historische Literaturlandschaft |first=Miroslaw|last=Ossowski|publisher=Jens Stüben|year=2007 |page=384 |language=German|accessdate=2009-10-28 | isbn=978-3-486-58185-0}}</ref> The chapel was rebuilt by the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]] and consecrated in 1619 by the [[Prince-Bishopric of Warmia|Warmian prince-bishop]] Szymon Rudnicki and became a popular pilgrimage site among the Roman Catholic populace of the surrounding counties and other parts of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]],<ref name=sgk>{{cite book|author= |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XI|year=1890|language=Polish|location=Warsaw|page=691}}</ref> as well as the Lutheran [[Masurians]].<ref name=Ossowski/> Among the 17th-century pilgrims was Polish King [[Władysław IV Vasa]].<ref name=sgk/> In 1688, Warmian Bishop [[Michał Stefan Radziejowski]] laid the cornerstone of a new, great Baroque church, which was consecrated in 1693 by his successor, Bishop Jan Stanisław Zbąski.<ref name=sgk/> From the 18th century the village was part of the [[Kingdom of Prussia]]. The Jesuit monastery was abolished, and King [[Frederick II of Prussia]] allowed the Jesuits to stay only as secular administrators of the church complex.<ref name=sgk/> Franciszek Ksawery Rymkiewicz became the first post-Jesuit parish priest.<ref name=sgk/> From 1871 to 1945 the village was part of [[Germany]], administratively located within the province of [[East Prussia]]. After the defeat of [[Nazi Germany]] in [[World War II]], in 1945, the village along with Masuria became again part of Poland.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{in lang|pl}} [http://www.swieta-lipka.pl/ Official site]
* [http://www.jezuici.pl/swlipka/page_en/index_en.htm Święta Lipka Jesuits]

{{commons category|Święta Lipka}}

{{Gmina Reszel}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Kętrzyn County]]

Święta Lipka - Revision history

imported>Marcin 303 at 08:27, 8 March 2025