View source for Zile

{{other uses|Zile (disambiguation)|Zela (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Turkey place
| type                 = municipality
| name                 = Zile
| other_name           = 
| image_skyline        = Zile_gece.jpg
| image_caption        = Zile City Center at night
| image_shield         = 
| coordinates          = {{coord|40|18|N|35|53|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}
| province             = Tokat
| district             = Zile
| leader_party         = CHP
| leader_name          = Şükrü Sargın
| area_footnotes       = 
| area_total_km2       = 
| elevation_m          = 710
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
| population_total     = 33557
| population_as_of     = 2022
| postal_code          = 60400
| area_code            = 0356
| website              = {{url|http://www.zile.bel.tr/}}
}}
'''Zile''', known in ancient times as '''Zela''' ({{langx|el|Ζῆλα}}) (still as Latin Catholic [[titular see]]), is a city in [[Tokat Province]], Turkey. It is the seat of [[Zile District]].<ref name=ilce>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx İlçe Belediyesi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706215822/https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx |date=2015-07-06 }}, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 22 May 2023.</ref> Its population is 33,557 (2022).<ref name=tuik/> Zile lies to the south of [[Amasya]] and the west of [[Tokat]] in north-central Turkey. The city has a long history, including as former [[bishopric]] and the site of the [[Battle of Zela]], which prompted the phrase "[[Veni, vidi, vici]]."<ref name="Catholic">[[Wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Zela]]</ref> Today the city is a center for agricultural marketing and [[Tourism in Turkey|tourism]].

== History ==
Historically, Zile has been known as Zela ({{langx|el|Ζῆλα}}), Zelitis ({{langx|el|Ζηλίτις}}), Zelid, Anzila, Gırgırıye (Karkariye), Zīleh, Zilleli, Zeyli, and Silas ({{langx|el|Σίλας}}). Zile castle, the only solid castle in [[Anatolia]], was built by Roman commander [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]]. The castle contains the Amanos temple, and is called ''silla'', meaning "respected". In Semra Meral's ''Her Yönüyle Zile'', she claims that the name "Zile" came from "Zela", stemming from "Silla".<ref>{{cite book|title=Her yönüyle Zile| first=Semra |last=Meral |publisher=Sanem Press |location=Zile|year=1990|id=OCLC: 23573866}}</ref>

===Ancient City===
According to recent [[archaeological]] research, there is evidence of human habitation since [[Neolithic]] times in Zile.<ref>{{cite book|title=Excavations at Maşat Höyük and investigations in its vicinity| first=Tahsin |last=Özgüç |publisher=Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi |location=Ankara|year=1978|id=OCLC: 5752663}}</ref> In his book ''[[Geographica (Strabo)|Geographica]]'', [[Strabo]] claimed that Zela was founded by [[Semiramis]], a legendary [[Assyria]]n queen.<ref>{{cite book|title=Asie mineure|url=https://archive.org/details/asiemineuredesc01texigoog|first=Charles|last=Texier|publisher=Didot Freres|location=Paris|year=1862|id=OCLC: 6646889}}</ref> By 548 BC, Zela and greater [[Anatolia]] were under the rule of [[Achaemenid Empire|Achaemenid Persian Empire]]. Persian rule saw construction of a portion of the [[Royal Road]] in the area, and of temples to the [[Persian mythology|Persian gods]] [[Anahita]], Vohu-Mano, and Anadates in the city itself.<ref name="Catholic"/> [[Darius I of Persia]] divided the largest Anatolian state of that time, [[Cappadocia]], into two, with Zela remaining in [[Pontus (region)|Pontus]] Cappadocia, the northern region.

===Classical Era===
[[File:Zile Castle - Sezar.JPG|thumb|left|200px|A view from the 2000-year-old historical castle column piece in Zile where [[Julius Caesar]] said ''"[[Veni, vidi, vici]]"'']]
After roughly 200 years of Persian rule, [[Alexander the Great]] captured Zela from [[Darius III of Persia]] as a result of the [[Battle of the Granicus]] (334 BC). Following Alexander's death in 323 BC and the collapse of his empire, Zela passed to the [[Seleucid Empire]], a Hellenistic successor state of Alexander the Great's dominion. It controlled the area for 200 years, but by 100 BC, its power in the region started to collapse. As a consequence, King [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]] attacked and took Zela in 88 BC, and ordered the killing of all Romans living there. This led the nearby Cappadocians to call on [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] for help. The Roman army, under Sulla's command, fought and defeated Mithradates in the [[First Mithridatic War]]. Mithridates attacked Zela again in 67 BC with the help of his Armenian ally [[Tigranes the Great]], king of [[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Greater Armenia]], initiating the [[Third Mithridatic War]],<ref>{{cite book|title=A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography| first=William |last=Smith |publisher=New York, Harper & Brothers |location=New York|year=1851|id=OCLC: 2775910}}</ref> which ended with victory by the Romans under [[Pompeius Magnus]] and the suicide of Mithridates in 63 BC. In Pompey's settlement of Pontus, Zela received a civic constitution and a sizable territory thus transforming from its previous status as a temple domain to a city.<ref name="Princeton">{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0006%3Aid%3Dzela |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites|author1=Richard Stillwell |author2=William L. MacDonald |author3=Marian Holland McAllister |publisher=The Princeton Encyclopedia|access-date=2007-05-03}}</ref>

In 49 BC, civil war broke out between Julius Caesar and Pompey. While the Romans were distracted by this, [[Pharnaces II of Pontus]], son of Mithridates, decided to seize the opportunity and take revenge for his father. His attack on Zela was halted by [[Julius Caesar]] in the bloody [[Battle of Zela]] (47 BC).<ref name="Britannica">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9078371/Zile |title=Zile|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2007-01-01|year=2007}}</ref> While Caesar's army suffered great losses, Pharnaces's was completely destroyed in five hours. After this victory, Caesar sent his famous message to the [[Roman Senate]]: "[[Veni Vidi Vici]]", meaning "I came, I saw, I conquered".<ref name="Catholic"/> Caesar's words were written on a cylindrical marble column and placed in the city castle.<ref name=thieves>{{cite web|url=http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/295876.asp |title=Zile'de 'Geldim - Gördüm - Yendim'|author=NTVMSNBC|author-link=NTV Turkey|publisher=NTV Turkey|access-date=2007-01-01|year=2004}}</ref>

According to Strabo, Zela had the temple of [[Anaïtis]] ({{langx|el| ἱερὸν τῆς Ἀναΐτιδος}}), who was also revered by the [[Armenians]].<ref>[https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/strabo/12c*.html STRABO, GEOGRAPHY, Book XII, Chapter 3, 37]</ref>

===Middle Ages===
In 241, the [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanid]] king [[Shapur I]], attacked the Romans and defeated [[Roman emperor Valerian|Roman Emperor Valerian]], thus capturing Zela. From 241 to 1071, Zile was conquered many times by the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]] and Sasanids. Under Byzantine rule, Zile became a (now Titular Latin) bishopric of Asia Minor, [[suffragan]] of Amasya in the former Roman province of Helenopontus (see below).

Zela was conquered by [[Danishmends|Danishmend]] Melik Ahmet Gazi in 1071 and, since, has belonged to the [[Turkic peoples|Turks]], who suppressed the [[bishopric]].<ref name="Catholic"/> In 1174, [[Anatolian Seljuks]] captured the city from Danishmends under Izzettin II Kılıçaslan. After the collapse of the Anatolian [[Seljuk Turks|Seljuks]], the [[Anatolian Turkish Beyliks|Eretna Emirate]] was founded in Zile's district in 1335. The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]s defeated Ertans in 1397 under the rule of [[Sultan Bayezid I]], integrating Zile into their empire.

===Modern History===
During the course of the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)|Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922]] (also known as [[Turkish War of Independence]]), some supporters of [[Sharia]] (strict [[Islamic]] law) seized power in Zile and attacked the barracks of [[Establishment of the Turkish national movement|new Turkish Republic]]'s army. The soldiers were forced to retreat to the city castle and consequently asked for help from the [[Çorum]] battalion. The [[battalion]] reached the city in four days and upon their arrival they started bombing the city so as to force the rebels to surrender. As a result of heavy bombardment, Zile suffered a great fire which led to the loss of two thirds of its [[infrastructure]] and most of its forest cover. Finally, the army managed to put down the rebellion and regained control. Since then, Zile has been a rural district in Tokat province of the [[Republic of Turkey]].

== Ecclesiastical history ==
Zela, in the [[Roman province]] of [[Helenopontus]] ([[civil diocese]] of Pontus), was a [[suffragan]] of the Metropolitan [[Archdiocese of Amasea]], in the sway of the [[Patriarchate of Constantinople]].
The following Suffragan Bishops of Zela are historically documented : 
* Heraclius took part in the [[Council of Ancyra]] in 314 and in the ecumenical [[First Council of Nicaea]] in 325
**’’ Bitinicusus, an Arian (heretic), participated in the synod of Gangra in 340 and intervened at the Arian [[Council of Philippopolis|'conciliabolum' at Philippopolis]] in 343/344
* Atticus attended the [[Council of Chalcedon]] in 451
* Hyperechius signed in 458 the letter of the episcopate of Helenopontus to [[Byzantine emperor]] [[Leo I the Thracian]] after [[Copts|Coptic]] mobs lynched Patriarch [[Proterius of Alexandria]]
* Georgius was at the ‘Robber’ [[Council in Trullo]] in 692
* Constantinus took part in the [[Second Council of Nicaea]] in 787
* Paulus attended the [[Council of Constantinople (869-870)|Council of Constantinople]] in 869-870 and the [[Council of Constantinople (879-880)|Council of Constantinople]] of 879-880 which rehabilitated Patriarch [[Photios I of Constantinople|Photius of Constantinople]].
* The [[Greek Orthodox]] bishop of the city from June 1912 to May 1921 was Saint Hieromartyr [[Euthymios Agritellis]] Bishop of Zela, who was imprisoned and executed by Turkish authorities for urging the local [[Pontic Greeks]] to take up arms against Turkish militias ([[Cheta (armed group)|cheta]]) who were terrorizing the Greek population at the time.

=== Titular see ===
The diocese was nominally restored no later than the 18th century as Latin [[Titular bishopric]] of Zela (Latin = Curiate Italian) / Zeliten(us)

It has been vacant for decades, having had the following incumbents:
* Francisco San Andrés, [[Hieronymites]] (O.S.H.) (1758.10.02 – death 1766.01.20) as [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Salamanca|Salamanca]] (Spain) (1758.10.02 – 1766.01.20)
* Giovanni Devoti (1804.03.26 – 1804.05.29); previously Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Anagni|Anagni]] (Italy) (1789.03.30 – 1804.03.26); later ‘promoted’ on emeritate as [[Titular Archbishop]] of [[Carthage (episcopal see)|Carthage]] (1804.05.29 – died 1820.09.18)
* Anton Kavčič, [[Jesuit Order]] (S.J.) (1805.09.23 – 1807.07.15) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wien|Wien]] (Vienna, Austria) (1805.09.23 – 1807.07.15); later Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Ljubljana|Ljubljana]] (Slovenia, now Metropolitan) (1807.07.15 – died 1814.03.17)
* Jean-Louis Florens (羅), [[Paris Foreign Missions Society|M.E.P.]] (1807.09.08 – death 1814.12.14) as [[Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar]] of [[Diocese of Chengdu|Szechwan]] 四川 (China) (1807.09.08 – 1814.12.14)
* Giuseppe Pezzella, [[Augustinians]] (O.E.S.A.) (1828.06.23 – 1830?) as [[Coadjutor Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Calvi|Calvi]] (Italy) (1828.06.23 – 1830?) and Coadjutor Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Teano|Teano]] (Italy) (1828.06.23 – 1830?); next succeeded both as Bishop of Calvi (1830? – 1833.01.03) and as Bishop of Teano (1830? – died 1833.01.03)
*  Peter Paul Lefevère (1841.07.23 – death 1869.03.04) (Belgian) as Coadjutor Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Detroit|Detroit]] (USA) (1841.07.23 – 1869.03.04)
* Manuel María León González y Sánchez (1876.01.28 – 1877.06.22)
* Pierre-Noël-Joseph Foucard (富于道), [[Paris Foreign Missions Society|M.E.P.]] (1878.08.13 – 1889.03.31)
* Father Laurent Blettery, [[Paris Foreign Missions Society|M.E.P.]] (1890.09.02 – 1891.08.17)
* Hermann Joseph Schmitz (1893.08.25 – 1899.08.21)
* Marie-Félix Choulet (蘇裴理斯), [[Paris Foreign Missions Society|M.E.P.]] (1901.02.21 – 1923.07.31)
* Basil Tatach (1924.05.20 – 1948.05.13)
* Alejandro Olalia (later Archbishop) (1949.05.14 – 1950.05.06)
* José María García Lahiguera (later Archbishop) (1950.05.17 – 1964.07.07)

== Demographics ==
{{further|Demographics of Turkey}}
[[Image:Kale zile.jpg|thumb|250px|Entrance of Zile Castle]]
{{Historical populations
|align = none
|percentages = pagr
|source = 1985 census,<ref name="TÜİK1985">{{Cite web | url = https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0013062.pdf | title = 1985 General Census | date = 1986 | publisher = [[Turkish Statistical Institute]] | language = Turkish | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210522110755/https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0013062.pdf | archive-date = 22 May 2021 | url-status = live }}</ref> 1990 census,<ref name="TÜİK1990">{{Cite web | url = https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0013349.pdf | title = 1990 General Census | date = 1991 | publisher = [[Turkish Statistical Institute]] | language = Turkish | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210831205734/https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0013349.pdf | archive-date = 31 August 2021 | url-status = live }}</ref> 1997 census<ref name="TÜİK1997">{{Cite web | url = https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0014235.pdf | title = 1997 Population Count | date = 1999 | publisher = [[Turkish Statistical Institute]] | language = Turkish | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221030113057/https://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0014235.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2022 | url-status = live }}</ref> and TÜIK (2007-2022)<ref name=tuik>{{cite web|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |title=Population Of Municipalities, Villages And Quarters|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute|TÜIK]] |access-date=5 June 2023}}</ref>
|1985|37097
|1990|46090
|1997|41390
|2007|36154
|2012|34442
|2017|33668
|2022|33557
}}

== Attractions ==
There are several columns in the center of the castle, but some researchers claim that the actual column with Caesar's famous words was stolen, and the thieves have not been found yet.<ref name=thieves/> There are many other historical buildings and artifacts from [[Hittites]], [[Lycians]], [[Persia]]ns, [[Greeks]], [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] and [[Turkic peoples|Turks]] in Zile. Among these, Zile castle, the Roman theatre, Ulu Camii and Çifte Hamam are the most famous. Kaya Mezarı, Kusyuva, Çay Pınarı, Imam Melikiddin Tomb, Seyh Musa Fakih Tomb, Elbaşı Mosque, [[Maşat Höyük|Mast Tumulus]], Namlı Hisar Kale, Anzavur Caves, Hacı Boz Bridge, Koç Taşı and Manastry in Kuruçay are also popular.

The remains of the Roman theatre are visible to the east of the citadel hill, together with some rock tombs. Two Ottoman baths, the Yeni Hamam and the Çifte Hamam, date from the 16th and 17th century and the Hasan Aga Madrasah was built in 1497. The Boyaci Hasan Aga Mosque with its stalactiform prayer niche dates from 1479 and the Seyh Musa Fakih Tomb is also very old with 1106 or 1305 given as possible construction dates.

Mast Tumulus, an ancient site located in Zile, is of special importance since it hosts the palace of a Hittitite ruler, earthenware utensils and [[Hittite hieroglyphics]].<ref name="Adver">{{cite web|url=http://erasmus.gop.edu.tr/Tokat.htm|title=TOKAT|author=Gaziosmanpasha University|author-link=Gaziosmanpasha University|publisher=Gaziosmanpasha University|access-date=2007-05-03|archive-date=2007-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710110538/http://erasmus.gop.edu.tr/Tokat.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Zile covers an area of {{convert|1512|km2|sqmi}} within its [[city limits]] and has an elevation of {{convert|710|m|ft}}.<ref name="BelCografi">{{cite web |url= http://www.zile.bel.tr/index.php?page=cografi |title= Zile Belediyesi |access-date= 2007-03-07 |date= 2006-07-05 |work=Zile Municipality}}</ref> [[Turhal]], [[Çekerek]], [[Artova]], [[Kadışehri]], and [[Amasya]] are all towns located near Zile. The city is mostly surrounded by a fertile plain called ''Zile Ovası'' crossed by the [[Yeşil River]] and can produce harvests twice a year. South of the city, however, are the [[Deveci Mountains]] (1,892 m / 6,207&nbsp;ft high), Güvercin Çalı, and Hüseyin Gazi Hill. Zile once had a great forest covering most of the plain, but during the 1950s, the city lost much of its forest because of the excessive breeding of [[Domestic goat|goats]] and the use of wood for heating purposes.<ref name="BelCografi"/> However, there is a recent study to plan reforestation in the area.{{Citation needed|date=May 2007}}

The city's water supply is provided by the Çekerek River, flowing from Zile to [[Çekerek]] and the Büyükaköz dam which was constructed on the Çatak river.<ref name="DSI">{{cite web |url= http://www.dsi.gov.tr/bolge/dsi7/tokat.htm |title= Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü< |access-date= 2007-04-30 |date= 2006-07-05 |work= Devlet Su İşleri |archive-date= 2007-04-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070423000954/http://www.dsi.gov.tr/bolge/dsi7/tokat.htm |url-status= dead }}</ref> The [[Süreyyabey Dam]] and hydroelectric plant is under construction and will provide electricity and water for irrigation in the area.<ref name="DSI"/>

===Climate===
Zile's weather is influenced by the narrow coast land of the [[Black Sea Region, Turkey|Black Sea Region]] to the north, bringing humidity, and by the [[Central Anatolia]] inland plateau to the south, with its low rainfall and cold winters. Summers are hot and dry, while the winters are snowy and cold. The weather is hot throughout the months of June to September, as the average summer maximum is 28&nbsp;[[Celsius|°C]] (83&nbsp;[[Fahrenheit|°F]]), and the average minimum is 13&nbsp;°C (56&nbsp;°F), and is cold throughout the months of December to February as the average winter maximum is 7&nbsp;°C (45&nbsp;°F), and the average minimum is as low as -3&nbsp;°C (27&nbsp;°F). Northerly winds are responsible for humid climate from April to June. It is usually rainy during the months of April, May, June, November and December.

{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | collapsed   = yes
 | metric first = yes
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Zile (1991–2020)
 | Jan high C = 6.0
 | Feb high C = 8.3
 | Mar high C = 13.2
 | Apr high C = 18.7
 | May high C = 23.3
 | Jun high C = 26.9
 | Jul high C = 30.1
 | Aug high C = 30.8
 | Sep high C = 27.2
 | Oct high C = 21.4
 | Nov high C = 13.4
 | Dec high C = 7.6
 | year high C = 19.0
 | Jan mean C = 1.3
 | Feb mean C = 2.7
 | Mar mean C = 7.0
 | Apr mean C = 11.8
 | May mean C = 16.1
 | Jun mean C = 19.7
 | Jul mean C = 22.5
 | Aug mean C = 22.8
 | Sep mean C = 19.0
 | Oct mean C = 13.9
 | Nov mean C = 6.9
 | Dec mean C = 2.8
 | year mean C = 12.3
 | Jan low C = -2.4
 | Feb low C = -1.7
 | Mar low C = 1.9
 | Apr low C = 5.8
 | May low C = 9.8
 | Jun low C = 13.1
 | Jul low C = 15.3
 | Aug low C = 15.6
 | Sep low C = 12.0
 | Oct low C = 7.9
 | Nov low C = 2.0
 | Dec low C = -0.8
 | year low C = 6.6
 | precipitation colour = green
 | Jan precipitation mm = 43.42
 | Feb precipitation mm = 34.19
 | Mar precipitation mm = 49.46
 | Apr precipitation mm = 49.27
 | May precipitation mm = 61.55
 | Jun precipitation mm = 44.52
 | Jul precipitation mm = 8.78
 | Aug precipitation mm = 6.64
 | Sep precipitation mm = 17.0
 | Oct precipitation mm = 33.09
 | Nov precipitation mm = 40.46
 | Dec precipitation mm = 44.5
 | year precipitation mm = 432.88

 | unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
 | Jan precipitation days = 7.3
 | Feb precipitation days = 6.4
 | Mar precipitation days = 8.3
 | Apr precipitation days = 8.4
 | May precipitation days = 9.0
 | Jun precipitation days = 6.2
 | Jul precipitation days = 2.6
 | Aug precipitation days = 2.2
 | Sep precipitation days = 3.1
 | Oct precipitation days = 5.1
 | Nov precipitation days = 5.8
 | Dec precipitation days = 7.3
 | year precipitation days = 71.7

 | Jan humidity = 77.4
 | Feb humidity = 72.1
 | Mar humidity = 66.0
 | Apr humidity = 63.3
 | May humidity = 65.0
 | Jun humidity = 64.1
 | Jul humidity = 59.9
 | Aug humidity = 60.0
 | Sep humidity = 61.5
 | Oct humidity = 67.9
 | Nov humidity = 74.3
 | Dec humidity = 79.1
 | year humidity = 67.5
 | source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Zile_17681.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Zile
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 17, 2024}}</ref>
}}

== Economy ==
Historically, [[coal]] was mined in Zile.<ref name=Prothero75>{{cite book|last=Prothero|first=W.G.|title=Armenia and Kurdistan|year=1920|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|location=London|page=75|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11768/view/1/75/}}</ref>

Agriculture, trade, and livestock are the main economic activities of Zile. Zile is a center of cereal production such that she is one of the biggest exporters of [[wheat]], [[barley]], [[lentil]] and [[Common Vetch|common vetch]] in the [[Black Sea Region, Turkey|Black Sea]] region. Zile is famous for its [[grape]]s, [[leblebi]], cherry, and fruit gardens. The annual Cherry Festival is very famous in Tokat, [[Sivas]] and [[Yozgat]]. People of Zile don't use their grapes to produce wine, but [[pekmez]] - a syrup-like liquid mixed from different kinds of fruit-juices.

The students of Zile Dinçerler School of Tourism and Hotel Management of [[Gaziosmanpasha University]] play an important role in city's economic activities. The industry of Zile is developing rapidly. Since 1996, there has been a major movement from agriculture to industry. [[Anatolian Tigers]] constructed 55 factories whose major products include textiles, sugar beet, furniture, tomato sauce, [[leblebi]], marble and shoes.<ref name="BelEcon">{{cite web |url= http://www.zile.bel.tr/index.php?page=ekonomi |title= Zile Belediyesi |access-date= 2007-03-07 |date= 2006-07-05 |work=Zile Municipality}}</ref>

The municipality and the [[European Union]] have had a joint project to increase the tourism potential of Zile and to transform the city into a tourism destination. The project is funded by the [[European Union|EU]] and includes advertisements as well as education of local people about tourism.<ref name="BelAB">{{cite web |url= http://zile.bel.tr/abproje/ |title= AB Hibe Destek Projesi |access-date= 2007-03-07 |date= 2006-07-05 |work=EU Project |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070227180338/http://zile.bel.tr/abproje/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2007-02-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.zaman.com.tr/webapp-tr/haber.do?haberno=310433 |title= Zile turizmine AB'den hibe kredi |access-date= 2007-05-01 |date= 2006-07-17 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070930204810/http://www.zaman.com.tr/webapp-tr/haber.do?haberno=310433 |archive-date= 2007-09-30 }}</ref>

== Education ==
[[Image:Kusyuva.jpg|thumb|150px|Kuşyuva]]
The city boasts 100% [[literacy]] in the city centre and over 90% in surrounding villages, with [[Public school (government funded)|public]] and [[Imam Hatip school|Imam Hatip]] schools, and a roughly 1:27 [[student-teacher ratio]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.zile.bel.tr/index.php?page=egitim |title= Zile Belediyesi |access-date= 2007-03-07 |date= 2006-07-05 |work=Zile Municipality}}</ref> There are 126 primary and secondary schools with 14,373 students and 540 teachers. Zile Dinçerler Lisesi, Dinçerler 75th Year Anatolian High School and Anadolu Öğretmen Lisesi provide high school education in Zile. There are also four professional high schools providing technical education. Gaziosmanpasa University's Zile Dinçerler School of Tourism and Hotel Management is also located in Zile. By the end of 2008, with the donations of Serafettin and Cemalettin Dincer, schooling will gain totally new educational premises including a modern and luxurious hotel building which will be also used for practical education by students.

== Media and social life ==
In Zile, theatres and concerts are conducted at a movie theatre whose capacity is 850 people. Along with [[List of television stations in Turkey|national TV channels]] and radios, there is one local TV channel and two radio stations that keep Zile people up to date on current events. Zile has three local daily newspapers (''Özhaber'', ''Zile Postası'', ''Gündem'') and daily newspapers sell around 4000 copies per day.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Zile 2004 1866.jpg|Zile 2004 1866
File:Zile 2004 1863.jpg|Zile 2004 1863
File:Zile 2004 1854.jpg|Zile 2004 1854
File:Zile 153.jpg|Zile 153
File:Zile 2004 1858.jpg|Zile 2004 1858
File:Zile 2004 1869.jpg|Zile 2004 1869
File:Zile 2004 1878.jpg|Zile 2004 1878
File:Zile 2004 1868.jpg|Zile 2004 1868
File:Zile 2004 1847.jpg|Zile 2004 1847
File:Zile 2004 1845.jpg|Zile 2004 1845
File:Zile 158.jpg|Zile 158
File:Zile 027.jpg|Zile 027
File:Zile 157.jpg|Zile 157
File:Zile 155.jpg|Zile 155
File:Zile 030.jpg|Zile 030
File:Zile 023.jpg|Zile 023
File:Zile 025.jpg|Zile 025
</gallery>

== Transportation ==
Zile is linked by highways with the cities of [[Tokat]] and [[Amasya]] and is near the Sivas-Samsun railway.<ref name="Britannica"/>
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== Sources and external links ==
{{Wikisource1913CatholicEnc|Zela}}
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|tr}}
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t2006.htm GCatholic - (former &) titular bishopric]
; Bibliography- ecclesiastical history
* Pius Bonifacius Gams, ''Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae'', Leipzig 1931, p.&nbsp;442
* Michel Lequien, ''Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus'', Paris 1740, vol. I, coll. 541-542
* Konrad Eubel, ''Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi'', vol. 6, p.&nbsp;450

; Further reading
* {{cite web |url=http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/857382 |title=Places: 857382 (Zela) |author=Braund, D., T. Sinclair, D. Braund, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, S. Gillies |date=22 August 2021 |access-date=March 8, 2012<!-- 3:36 pm -->|publisher=Pleiades}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places in Tokat Province]]
[[Category:Catholic titular sees in Asia]]
[[Category:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey]]
[[Category:Pontus (region)]]
[[Category:Roman sites in Turkey]]
[[Category:Zile District]]
[[Category:District municipalities in Turkey]]