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{{Infobox royalty
|name=Zhenjin
|title=[[Prince of Yan]]
|birth_date=8 July 1243<ref name="真金生年">{{Cite journal|author=[[洪金富]]|url=https://www2.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/file/2903rVTqYHw.pdf|title=〈元《析津志•原廟•行香》篇疏證〉|journal=《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》|location=[[Republic of China]]|publisher=[[Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica]]|date=March 2008|volume=79|issue=1|pages=1－40|quote=15.裕宗皇帝，愍忌，白塔寺，大小官，〔六月〕二十日。|access-date=|archive-date=2023-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204161226/https://www2.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/file/2903rVTqYHw.pdf}}</ref>
|death_date=5 January 1286 (aged 42)
|father=[[Kublai Khan]]
|mother=[[Chabi]]
|religion=[[Tibetan Buddhism]] 
|dynasty=[[Yuan dynasty]]
|issue=[[Yesün Temür (Yuan dynasty)|Gammala, father of Taiding]] <br>[[Darmabala]]<br>[[Temür Khan|Chengzong]]
|temple name=Yuzong (裕宗)
|house=[[Borjigin]]|posthumous name=Emperor Wenhui Mingxiao (文惠明孝皇帝)
}}
'''Zhenjin''' ({{Langx|mn|Чингим}} {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠮ}}, {{zh|c=真金|s=|t=|p=Zhēnjīn}}; July 8, 1243<ref name="真金生年"/> – 1285<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mongols : a very short introduction|last=Morris.|first=Rossabi|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199841455|location=Oxford|pages=xxi|oclc=808367351}}</ref> or January 5, 1286), also rendered as '''Jingim''', '''Chinkim''', or '''Chingkim''', was a [[crown prince]] of the [[Yuan dynasty]] of China. He was a son of [[Kublai Khan]] and grandson of [[Tolui]].

== Life ==
He was born as the second son to [[Kublai Khan]] and first to [[Chabi|Chabi Khatun]]. The Chinese [[Zen]] Buddhist monk Haiyun gave him the name Zhenjin ("True Gold") when he was born in 1243.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Atwood|first=Christopher Pratt|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52901464|title=Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol empire|date=2004|publisher=Facts On File|isbn=0-8160-4671-9|location=New York, NY|pages=278|oclc=52901464}}</ref> He was created [[Prince of Yan]] (燕王), became the head of the [[Zhongshu Sheng|Central Secretariat]] (''Zhongshu Sheng'') by his father in 1262,<ref name=":0" /> and was designated as the [[Crown Prince]] (皇太子) of the [[Yuan dynasty]] by Kublai Khan in 1273.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roberts|first=J. A. G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FLDtAAAAMAAJ|title=A Concise History of China|date=1999|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-00075-9|location=|pages=107|language=en}}</ref>

He was known as a strong supporter of [[Confucianism]], having been tutored by [[Han Chinese|Han]] scholars such as [[:zh:姚樞|Yao Shu]] (1203–1280), Dou Mo (1196–1280), [[Liu Bingzhong]] (1216–1274) and Wang Xun. Among others, he was noted to have studied ''[[Classic of Poetry]]'' and ''[[Classic of Filial Piety]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Franke|first=Herbert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sRxJYAAACAAJ|title=Could the Mongol Emperors Read and Write Chinese?|date=1952|publisher=|isbn=|location=|pages=31|language=en}}</ref> After the death of Zhenjin's rival [[Ahmad Fanakati]] (according to [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani|Rashid al-Din]], as a result of a plot by Zhenjin),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hamadani|first=Rashid al-Din|url=https://archive.org/details/Boyle1971RashidAlDin|title=The Successors of Genghis Khan|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=293|language=English|translator-last=Boyle|translator-first=John Andrew}}</ref> a Confucian-trained official in the South even proposed Kublai abdicate in favor of Zhenjin in 1285, as a result Kublai was furious. He was also known to be a friend of [[Drogön Chögyal Phagpa]], who wrote the famous treatise "Explanation of the knowable" for Zhenjin.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kara|first=György|date=2016|title=Reading the Middle Mongol Translation of 'Phags-pa's Shes-bya rab-gsal in the St. Petersburg Manuscript and in a Print Fragment from Qaraqota|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0043|journal=Central Asiatic Journal|volume=59|issue=1–2|pages=43–60|doi=10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0043|jstor=10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0043|issn=0008-9192|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

According to the ''[[History of Yuan]]'', he died of [[alcoholism]] on 5 January 1286, eight years before his father Kublai Khan. However, it may not have been as simple as merely drinking too much. It is also stated that shortly before his death, some ministers of the court wanted to propose that Kublai Khan abdicate his throne to Prince Zhenjin on account of old age and because Zhenjin was highly respected throughout the empire. However, Zhenjin tried to prevent this from happening. Unfortunately, Kublai Khan found out anyway and was furious, which terrified Zhenjin and may have led him to overdrink.<ref>Song Lian, Wang Yi, et al. 宋濂 王禕 等撰. "Yuan Shi" 元史 [History of Yuan]. Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan 臺灣商務印書館 "The Commercial Press, Ltd.", 2010.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Distressed by his death, Kublai Khan made Zhenjin's son [[Temür Khan|Temür]] the new Crown Prince. He was posthumously renamed as [[Taizi]] Mingxiao by Kublai on 25 February 1293. Temür gave him [[posthumous name]] Emperor Wenhui Mingxiao (文惠明孝皇帝) and [[temple name]] Yuzong ({{Lang-zh|c=裕宗|s=|t=|p=|l=Affluent Ancestor}}) on 3 June 1294.

==Family==
He had a senior wife and a concubine:

# Kökejin — from [[Khongirad]] tribe
#* Gammala (1263–1302)
#* [[Darmabala]] (1264–1292)
#* [[Temür Khan]] (1265–1307)
# Concubine Anchinmishi
# Unknown concubine
#* Senior Princess of Qi, Qutadmish — married to Körgüz from [[Ongud|Öngüds]], son of Ay Buqa, Prince of Zhao (趙王) and Yuelie ( older sister of Zhenjin){{Sfn|Zhao|2008|p=157}}
#* Grand Princess of Lu, Nangabula — married to Manzitai from [[Khongirad]] clan, Prince of Lu
#* Princess Budagan — married to [[Zangpo Pal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zangpo Pel|url=http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Zangpo-Pel/3204|access-date=2021-02-03|website=The Treasury of Lives|language=en}}</ref>


== Ancestry ==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center | ref=<ref>Anne F. Broadbridge, ''Women and the Making of the Mongol Empire'' (2018), p. 118, 239</ref> 
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Zhenjin, Crown Prince of the Yuan Dynasty'''
|2= 2. [[Kublai Khan]], [[List of Emperors of the Yuan Dynasty|Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty]]
|3= 3. [[Chabi|Chabi Khatun]]
|4= 4. [[Tolui]]
|5= 5. [[Sorghaghtani Beki]]
|6= 6. Anchen Noyan
|8= 8. [[Genghis Khan]], [[Mongol Empire|Mongol Emperor]]
|9= 9. [[Börte]] 
|10= 10. Jakha Gambu of the [[Keraites]]<ref>Denis C. Twitchett, Herbert Franke, John King Fairbank, ''The Cambridge History of China: Volume VI'' (1994), p. 206</ref>  }}

==In popular culture==

* "Prince Chinkin" is a central character in the 1982 American-Italian [[miniseries]] ''[[Marco Polo (TV miniseries)|Marco Polo]]'', where he was portrayed by actor [[Junichi Ishida]].<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q1626134|id=tt0083446|title=Marco Polo}}</ref> In this film, he is depicted as suffering from [[epilepsy]].
* "Prince Jingim" is also a main character of the 2014 [[Netflix]] original series [[Marco Polo (2014 TV series)|''Marco Polo'']], where he is portrayed by [[Remy Hii]].<ref name="THR">{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/netflixs-marco-polo-sets-cast-694375 |title=Netflix's 'Marco Polo' Sets Its Cast|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=April 8, 2014 |access-date=April 8, 2014}}</ref>

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
; Works cited
{{refbegin}}
* {{Citation |last = Zhao |first = George Qingzhi |title = Marriage as Political Strategy and Cultural Expression: Mongolian Royal Marriages from World Empire to Yuan Dynasty |year = 2008 |publication-date = 2008 |publisher = [[Peter Lang (publisher)|Peter Lang]] |isbn = 978-1433102752 }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:1243 births]]
[[Category:1286 deaths]]
[[Category:Yuan dynasty people]]
[[Category:Sons of Kublai Khan]]
[[Category:Borjigin]]
[[Category:13th-century Mongols]]
[[Category:Chinese crown princes who never acceded]]