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{{for|the community in Canada|Zbaraz, Manitoba}}
{{short description|City in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Zbarazh
| native_name        = Збараж
| native_name_lang   = uk
| other_name         = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of cities in Ukraine|City]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage|position=center
 | photo1a                       = P1410864 Бернардинський монастир.jpg
 | photo2a                       = Збаразький замок. Вежа.jpg
 | photo2b                       = Збаражський замок 07.jpg
 | photo3a                      = Збаразький замок DSC7849.jpg
   | size                       = 270
   | spacing                    = 2
   | color                      = #FFFFFF
   | border                     = 0
   }}
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = {{hlist|Clockwise from top: Bernadine Monastery|Palace in the Castle|[[Zbarazh Castle|Castle]]|Entrance Gate of the Castle}}
| image_flag         = Flag of Zbarazh (1-1).svg
| image_map          = 
| image_shield       = File:Coat of arms of Zbarazh.png
| pushpin_map        = Ukraine Ternopil Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Zbarazh in Ukraine
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{UKR}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Ternopil Oblast]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Ternopil Raion]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Hromada]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Zbarazh urban hromada]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = First mentioned
| established_date   = 1211
| area_total_km2     = 7
| area_metro_km2     = 
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 13346
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 
| population_density_urban_km2 = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|49|40|0|N|25|46|40|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| timezone           = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset         = +2
| timezone_DST       = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +3
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = 
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| blank_info         = 
| website            = 
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| module             = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=12 |frame-height=300 | stroke-width=1 |shape-fill-opacity=0.2 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}
}}
'''Zbarazh''' ({{langx|uk|Збараж}}, {{IPA|uk|ˈzbɑrɐʒ|ipa|audio=LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Gzhegozh-Збараж.wav}}; {{langx|pl|Zbaraż}}; {{langx|yi|זבאריזש|Zbarizh}}) is a small city in [[Ternopil Raion]], [[Ternopil Oblast]], western [[Ukraine]]. It is located in the historic region of [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]]. Zbarazh hosts the administration of [[Zbarazh urban hromada]], one of the [[hromada]]s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_zbarazh">{{cite web |title=Збаражская городская громада|url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/zbarazka/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=Russian}}</ref> Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|13,346|punct=.}}

Zbarazh is one of the settings of [[Henryk Sienkiewicz]]'s novel ''[[With Fire and Sword]]'' (1884) in which he gives a detailed description of the famous [[Siege of Zbarazh]]. Notable Jewish residents included Rabbi [[Zev Wolf of Zbaraz]], the singer [[Velvel Zbarjer]] and the author [[Ida Fink]].

==History==
[[File:Збараж. Бернардинський монастир Костел.jpg|thumb|left|Saviour Church (ca. 1600)]]
First attested in 1211 as a strong [[Ruthenia]]n fortress, Zbarazh became a seat of the [[Gediminids|Gediminid]] princes [[House of Zbaraski|Zbaraski]] towards the end of the 14th century. Ruins of the original castle are extant in the vicinity of modern Zbarazh.

Following the 1569 [[Union of Lublin]], Zbarazh became part of [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]]'s [[Kremenets|Krzemieniec]] [[powiat|County]] and [[Volhynian Voivodeship (1569–1795)|Volhynian Voivodeship]]. After the [[Partitions of Poland|first partition of Poland]] (1772), the town was seized by the [[Habsburg monarchy]], and remained in the province of [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]] until 1918.

In the immediate post-[[World War I]] period, a [[Polish–Ukrainian War]] took place in Eastern Galicia. After the conflict, Zbarazh returned to Poland, becoming the seat of a county in [[Tarnopol Voivodeship]]. In the [[Interwar period|interbellum]] [[Second Polish Republic]], it had a population of 8,000, with Jewish, Polish and Ukrainian communities.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Havryljuk |first=Oleh Mykolajovyč |title=Ternopilʹ: storinky mynuloho i sʹohodennja |last2=Kročak |first2=Ihor Jakovyč |last3=Petrovsʹkyj |first3=Oleksandr Mykolajovyč |date=2010 |publisher=Aston |isbn=978-966-308-349-0 |location=Ternopilʹ}}</ref>

Zbarazh was occupied by the Germans on July 4, 1941, but before the occupation authority was in place, Ukrainian nationalists instigated a pogrom that murdered twenty Jews and burned two synagogues.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |page=Volume II 846–847}}</ref> Soviet prisoners of war were also killed. By the time of the German invasion, the Jewish population of around 3000 had swelled to around 5000 because of refugees from western Poland. Later in 1941, the German security police murdered 70 Jews in the Lubianka Forest. In 1942, around 3000 Jews were sent from Zbarazh to the [[Belzec extermination camp|Belzec]] killing camp on four occasions, sometimes by way of Tarnopol. In October, some Jews were sent to the Janowska Street camp in Lwow and others were killed in Zbarazh. After that, the Germans established a [[ghetto]] for the 2000 Jews from Zbarazh and neighboring areas that had been sent to the town. About 20 people shared each room in the ghetto. In the expectation of further deportations, some Jews found hiding places. Nonetheless, in November, another 1000 Jews were sent to Belzec. During the winter of 1942-43, many Jews starved and died from disease. Others were sent to slave labor camps. In April 1943, another 1000 Jews were murdered near the Zbarazh railway station, and in June, German and Ukrainian police shot the remaining few hundred Jews. After that, Germans and Ukrainians hunted down Jews who were hidden in the forests. Only about 60 Zbarazh Jews of the 3000, who had lived in the town before the war survived.

After [[World War II]], the town was annexed by the [[Soviet Union]]. Local Poles were ordered to move to the [[Recovered Territories]], and Soviet authorities began a process of devastation. Now Zbarazh is part of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Zbarazh served as an administrative center of [[Zbarazh Raion]]. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zbarazh Raion was split between [[Kremenets Raion|Kremenets]] and Ternopil Raions, with Zbarazh being transferred to Ternopil Raion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=uk}}</ref>

==Points of interest==
Throughout the centuries, Zbarazh was the capital of the properties of the Zbaraski family. After the line had ended, the town was transferred to the [[House of Wiśniowiecki|Wiśniowiecki family]]. It also belonged to the [[House of Potocki|Potocki family]]. The new [[Zbarazh Castle]] was designed for Prince [[Jeremi Wiśniowiecki]] in a post-[[Palladian architecture|Palladian]] Italian idiom similar to [[Vincenzo Scamozzi|Scamozzi]]'s by the Dutch architect van Peyen in 1626&ndash;31. The castle was partly rebuilt in the 18th century. [[Vyshnivets Palace|A palace]] constructed for the family is located in the nearby town of [[Vyshnivets]].

Zbarazh also preserves several remarkable churches, notably the Saviour Church (1600) and the [[Cistercians|Bernardine]] Monastery (1627). The Zbarazh Fortress was twice besieged by the [[Crimean Tatars]] (1474, 1589). After the second siege, a new castle was completed in 1626. In 1649, during the [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]], the castle was besieged by the Cossacks and their Tatar allies. Defended for 43 days by Polish troops under Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (10 July–22 August), it was not captured.

The local Roman Catholic church was funded in the mid-17th century by Janusz Wisniowiecki. Destroyed by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Turks]] in 1675, it was rebuilt in 1755, together with a new monastery. In the main [[nave]] of the church there was a [[commemorative plaque]] in memory of the 100th birth anniversary of [[Adam Mickiewicz]]. In the interbellum period, Bernardine monks from Zbaraz operated a middle school here. Neither the church and monastery were destroyed during World War II. In the monastery a hospital, later a plant were located, while the church was turned into a warehouse. Some items were saved by the Polish residents, who removed and took them to Poland in 1945. Currently, these items are kept in Bernardine churches in [[Leżajsk]], [[Rzeszów]] and [[Alwernia]].

After the collapse of the Communist period, the church was handed back to the monks. A first service took place on 3 September 2000.

==Notable people==
* [[Ignacy Daszyński]] (1886–1936), Polish politician
* [[Ida Fink]] (1921–2011), Israeli-Polish writer
* [[Meshullam Feivush Heller]] (c. 1742–1794), Hasidic author
* [[Dmytro Klyachkivsky]] (1911–1945), also known as Klym Savur, [[Ukrainian Insurgent Army]] commander
* [[Karol Kuryluk]] (1910–1967), Polish social activist
* [[Ivan Prasko]] (1914–2001), Ukrainian-Australian Greek-Catholic bishop
* [[Zev Wolf of Zbaraz]] (died 1822), rabbi
* [[Velvel Zbarjer]] (1824–1884), [[Broder singer]]
* [[Serhiy Prytula]] (born 1981), Ukrainian TV show host, political activist, founder of [[Charity foundation of Serhiy Prytula|Charity Foundation of Serhiy Prytula]]<sup>[https://uk.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8 <nowiki>[uk]</nowiki>]</sup>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Zbarazh town counsil.JPG|City hall
File:Збараж Воскресенська церква.jpg|Resurrection Church
File:Zbarazh cem.JPG|Old cemetery entrance
File:Успенська церква. Збараж.JPG|Church of Dormition
File:61-224-0001 Zbarazh Castle RB.jpg|[[Zbarazh Castle]]
File:Збаразький замок (2).jpg|Palace inside the Castle
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Zbarazh}}
* [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CZ%5CB%5CZbarazh.htm Zbarazh in Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5 (1993)]
* {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1060414|Zbarazh, Ukraine}}

{{Ternopil Oblast}}
{{Zbarazh urban hromada}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Zbarazh| ]]
[[Category:Zbarazh urban hromada]]
[[Category:Cities in Ternopil Oblast]]
[[Category:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine]]