View source for Zanthoxylum simulans

{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Zanthoxylum simulans.jpg
| image_caption = Habitus of leafless plant
| genus = Zanthoxylum
| species = simulans
| authority = [[Henry Fletcher Hance|Hance]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = 
*''Zanthoxylum simulans'' subsp. ''calcareum'' {{small|Z.H.Chen, Feng Chen & W.Zhu}}
*''Zanthoxylum simulans'' subsp. ''simulans''
| subdivision_ref = <ref name = powo>{{cite web |title=''Zanthoxylum simulans'' Hance |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776025-1 |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref>
| synonyms = 
* ''Zanthoxylum bungei''
* ''Zanthoxylum coreanum''
}}

'''''Zanthoxylum simulans''''', the '''Chinese-pepper''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=ZASI2|taxon=Zanthoxylum simulans|access-date=9 August 2015}}</ref> '''Chinese prickly-ash''' or '''flatspine prickly-ash''', is a [[flowering plant]] in the family [[Rutaceae]], native to southern and central [[China]], [[Taiwan]], and South Korea.<ref name = powo/> It is one of several species of ''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' from which [[Sichuan pepper]] is produced.

It is a spreading [[shrub]] or small [[tree]] growing to 7 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 7–12.5&nbsp;cm long, pinnate, with 7–11 leaflets, the leaflets 3–5&nbsp;cm long and 1.5–2&nbsp;cm broad. There are numerous short (3–6&nbsp;mm) spines on both the stems and the leaf petioles, and large (several cm) knobs on the branches. The [[flower]]s are produced in slender [[inflorescence|cyme]]s, each flower about 4–5&nbsp;mm diameter. The 3–4&nbsp;mm berry has a rough reddish brown shell that splits open to release the black seeds from inside.
[[File:Zanthoxylum simulans kz1.JPG|thumb|left|Leaves and fruit]]

==Subspecies==
Two subspecies are accepted.<ref name = powo/>
*''Zanthoxylum simulans'' subsp. ''calcareum'' {{small|Z.H.Chen, Feng Chen & W.Zhu}} – Zhejiang
*''Zanthoxylum simulans'' subsp. ''simulans'' – central and southern China, South Korea, and Taiwan

==Aromatic composition== 
* [[Eucalyptol|1,8-Cineole]], [[Terpineol|α-Terpineol]], [[Geraniol]], [[Limonene]], [[Linalool]], [[Myrcene]]. <ref>{{cite journal | url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf950577d | doi=10.1021/jf950577d | title=Characteristics of the Steam-Distilled Oil and Carbon Dioxide Extract of ''Zanthoxylum simulans'' Fruits | date=1996 | last1=Chyau | first1=Charng-Cherng | last2=Mau | first2=Jeng-Leun | last3=Wu | first3=Chung-May | journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume=44 | issue=4 | pages=1096–1099 | url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lenz |first1=Clarissa |last2=Melzig |first2=Matthias F. |date=2018 |title=Sichuan-Pfeffer Zanthoxylum simulans Hance |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325408238 |journal=Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie |language=de |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=93–99 |doi=10.1055/s-0044-100888 |issn=0722-348X}}</ref>

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist}}
*''Flora of Taiwan'', volume 3 pages [https://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/ebookimages/Flora%20of%20Taiwan/Flora%20of%20Taiwan(2nd)/Flora%203/jpg/Flora_2_III-0541.jpg 541], [https://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/ebookimages/Flora%20of%20Taiwan/Flora%20of%20Taiwan(2nd)/Flora%203/jpg/Flora_2_III-0542.jpg 542] and [https://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/ebookimages/Flora%20of%20Taiwan/Flora%20of%20Taiwan(2nd)/Flora%203/jpg/Flora_2_III-0543.jpg 543]
*[http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/factsheets/trees-new/zanthoxylum_simulans.html NC State University fact sheet]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q10950918}}

[[Category:Zanthoxylum|simulans]]
[[Category:Flora of North-Central China]]
[[Category:Flora of South-Central China]]
[[Category:Flora of Southeast China]]
[[Category:Flora of Qinghai]]
[[Category:Flora of Korea]]
[[Category:Flora of Taiwan]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1866]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Henry Fletcher Hance]]

{{Rutaceae-stub}}